IHSAN SYAIFUDDIN
5190611025
YOGYAKARTA
2023
ANALISIS PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PRODUK
COKELAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE SEVEN
TOOLS PADA UMKM WONDIS
IHSAN SYAIFUDDIN
5190611025
YOGYAKARTA
2023
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR
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PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN PENULISAN
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena atas berkat dan rahmat-
Nya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan hasil Kerja Praktik Industri yang
berjudul” ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK PLASTIK JENIS
POLYPROPYLENE MENGGUNAKAN METODE SEVEN TOOLS PADA
PT.KUSUMA MULIA PLASINDO INFITEX”. Penulisan laporan hasil kerja
praktik ini dilakukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat pencapaian gelar Sarjana
Teknik Industri pada Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi,
Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta.
Kerja praktik ini memberi kesempatan bagi penulis untuk mengenal secara nyata
dunia kerja yang sesungguhnya, penulis juga belajar untuk menyelesaikan
permasalahan nyata di industri, penulis melaksanakan kerja praktik di PT. Kusuma
Mulia Plasindo Infitex selama periode bulan mei- juni 2022. Penulis menyadari
bahwa banyak bantuan dan bimbingan telah penulis terima dari berbagai pihak, dari
masa perkuliahan sampai dengan penyusunan laporan kerja praktik ini. Oleh karena
itu, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada:
1. Bapak Dr. Bambang Moertono Setiawan, MM., Akt., CA, selaku Rektor
Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta.
2. Widya Setiafindari,S.T.,M.Sc selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik
Industri Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta
3. Bapak Ari Zaqi Al Faritsy, ST.,MT selaku Pembimbing Kerja Praktik.
4. Seluruh dosen pengajar Program Studi Teknik Industri yang telah
memberi bekal ilmu pengetahuan.
5. Bapak lapiyo S. Selaku personalia yang telah membantu dan
mengizinkan untuk melakukan penelitian dalam penyelesaian penulisan
Laporan Kerja Praktik.
6. Semua pihak dari PT. Kusuma Mulia Plasindo Infitex yang telah banyak
membantu dalam usaha memperoleh data yang penulis perlukan.
Akhir kata, penulis berharap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa berkenan membalas segala
kebaikan semua pihak yang telah membantu. Semoga laporan hasil Kerja Praktik
ini membawa manfaat bagi pengembangan ilmu.
iii
Yogyakarta, Januari 2023
Ihsan Syaifuddin
5190611025
iv
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN
Puji syukur panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena atas berkat dan
rahmat-Nya yang telah memberikan karunia-Nya berupa kesehatan dan rasa
nikmat yang tiada terbalaskan. Kupersembahkan Kerja Praktik ini untuk:
1. Kedua orang tua yang tercinta, atas kasih sayang dan pengorbanan,
kesabaran yang sungguh mulia, serta doa yang selalu menyertai
langkahku dalam menjalankan hidup ini.
2. Teman-teman dekat saya, terutama Novi Syarifa A.Md.Kes (Rad)
terimakasih atas doa dan dukungannya baik dalam suka maupun
duka.
3. Dosen pembimbing saya Bapak Ari Zaqi Alfaritsy, S.T., M.T yang
selalu memberikan pengarahan dalam proses pengerjaan laporan
kerja praktik.
4. Semua pengurus dan karyawan PT. Kusuma Mulia Plasindo Infitex
yang telah membantu saya dalam pelaksanaan observasi kerja
praktik.
v
MOTTO
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ABSTRAK
Kata kunci :
i
ABSTRACT
Keywords:
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DAFTAR ISI
iii
3.1.1 Diagram Alir Produksi Plastik Polypropylane (PP)Error! Bookmark not
defined.
BAB IV ................................................................................................................... 1
PENGENDALIAN MUTU ................................................................................... 1
4.1 Pengendalian Mutu .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Pengendalian Mutu Bahan Baku .............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 Pengendalian Mutu Produk ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4 Pengendalian Mutu Fasilitas dan Peralatan ........... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
BAB V..................................................................................................................... 1
PENGENDALIAN LIMBAH.................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 Nama Limbah........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Penanganan Limbah ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
BAB VI ................................................................................................................... 1
TUGAS KHUSUS .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1 Pendahuluan ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1.3 Batasan Masalah ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1.4 Tujuan Penelitian .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.1.5 Manfaat penelitian................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2 Tinjauan Pustaka ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.1 Pengertian Kualitas ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.2 Pengertian Pengendalian Kualitas ........... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.2.3 Pengertian Seven Tools ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.3 Metode Penelitian .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.4 Pengumpulan Data ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.5 Pengolahan Data ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.5.1 Check Sheet ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.5.2 Flowchart ................................................................................................. 1
6.5.3 Diagram Pareto ........................................................................................ 1
6.5.4 Histogram ................................................................................................. 1
6.5.5 Control Chart ........................................................................................... 1
6.5.6 Scatter Diagram........................................................................................ 1
6.5.7 Cause and Effect Diagram ....................................................................... 1
6.6 Analisis Pembahasan ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
BAB VII .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
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KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
7.1 Kesimpulan .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
7.2 Saran ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................ 1
LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................................
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DAFTAR TABEL
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
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DAFTAR RUMUS
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1 (Prabaswari & Seven Tools Based on the results of the product defect
Susilo, 2020) analysis, which has the highest value is the type
of uneven paint defects with the number of
products of 7 pieces. Next followed by the type
of gross defect by five pieces, broken/cracked by
three pieces. Based on the results of the analysis
and discussion of Chippendale products
included in controlled quality control. This is
because when viewed statistically the number of
products that have defects does not exceed or be
less than the control limit.
2 (Kholil et al., Seven Tools The method used is 8 Step 7 Tools Toyota
Production System. Time measurement result
2020)
and Output Standardd calculation is based on
finishing line cycle time 142 seconds per pcs and
output Standardd 25 pcs per hour. After applying
the method of 8 Step 7 Tools Toyota Production
System, cycle time line finishing can be reduced
to 66 seconds and the output Standardd to 53 pcs
per hour. The output line finishing improvement
reaches 112% faster than the previous one.
Besides that, the improvement makes a better
perfomance Standardd in the finishing process
of Bracket FWD RR Spring BT 1702 so the
product is in better quality and it ensures the
operators’s work safety.
3 (Ulhaq et al., Seven Tools results of the study found that the quality control
of raw and supporting materials was not good
2022) enough because the company was not able to
maintain the quality standards and brands of
materials set by using non-standard materials
with lower quality levels. As for the feasibility of
the storage warehouse, the control is quite good
because the arrangement and placement of
materials is orderly and the cleanliness of the
warehouse and factory is quite well maintained.
Disability caused by working hours is R² =
0.1336 or 13.36%. Defects due to long storage of
raw materials are R² = 0.7254 or 72.54%.
Meanwhile, defects due to the use of non-
standard wheat flour raw materials are R² =
0.8621 or 86.21%. Non-standard raw materials
are the biggest factor in causing product defects,
this is caused by the condition of substitute
materials that are not up to standard, which
results in high water content in bread.
4 (Ginting et al., Seven Tools From the results of the Pareto diagram analysis
it appears that the dominant defect that occurs in
2020)
CPO is high free fatty acid levels with a
percentage of 39.3%, then followed by defect
with high impurities content of 35.4% and high
water content of 25.3%. By using the Pareto
80/20 principle, the defect factor which is
further analyzed is the defect of high free fatty
acids and high levels of impurities. Through
scatter diagrams and correlation analysis, the
value of r = 0.5, where the value indicates that
high free fatty acid defects and high impurities
have a positive effect on the number of defects.
By using a causal diagram analysis (fishbone
diagram) it was found that the factors causing
the high level of damage to this palm oil product
are influenced by 3 main factors, namely raw
materials, humans, and machinery.
5 (Prayoga & Seven Tools results showed that the most dominant defects
Andesta, occurred in faded color defects of 50 pcs with a
percentage of 48.08%. Proposed improvements
2022a) that need to be implemented are to add adequate
rest hours to reduce excessive stitching defects,
scheduling machine maintenance to reduce
seam defects and foam size defects, choosing a
reliable and good supplier to reduce faded color
defects and foam size defects, and improve the
production process methods to reduce color
fading defects, stitch defects, foam size defects.
The product defects occurred are still under
controlled, it does not exceed the upper and
lower control limits. There is a positive
correlation, the higher production the higher
level of defect in the product.
6 (Sutrisno, Seven Tools and this paper is targetted to see is the seven
tools of quality is the comprehensive tools that
2022)
can figured out any result that bridge us to varius
group of result and easy to determine any
conclution to make improvement for future plan
tahat create continuous significant optimization
to sustainability process to help any industry
acheive a good analysis to growth over the years
to come.
7 (Sumiati, Isna Seven Tools The results showed that based on data
Nugraha, 2022) processing using Seven Tools, it can be seen that
the number of defects from the type of defect on
the steel plate High Strength Steel Plates during
9 months was wavy defects with a percentage of
26.36%, wrong cut with a percentage of 27.61%,
not symmetrical with a percentage of 25.62%,
and deep scale with a percentage of 20.39%. The
results of the analysis that the cause of wrong
cutting defects are caused by human factors that
are not careful, lack of concentration, and lack
of skill. To overcome this problem, Kaizen or 5S
analysis was made. Improvements have been
made to the production of High Strength Steel
Plates for a period of 9 months, from 3.28% to
2.60% there was a decrease in defects or 0.68%
8 (Grigoryan & Seven Tools The article illustrates in detail the possibility of
Golubkova, applying each of the instruments of this complex
in the activities of production enterprises. Most
2020) of the tools reviewed are suitable for assessing
the timing of activities, their sequence, the
responsible agents, and the effectiveness of
activities. Application of the method ‘Seven
basic instruments of quality control’ contributes
to rational organization of production and
business processes of the enterprise, increase
their stability and competitiveness in domestic
and foreign markets.
9 (Sarjono & Seven Tools we can find out in more detail about the efficacy
Defitasari, n.d.) of green tea. In addition, research with this
method is also real with 99% correct results
because the researcher uses several journals as
comparison material. In the establishment of an
industry, of course, many problems are found in
its implementation. Seven tools or 7QC can be
used to help solve existing problems because it
provides several menus that can be used to
research problems. Besides being used to solve
problems, this tool can also be used to control
unwanted things. From these seven tools we can
also see the problem so we can fix it faster
before this problem gets more complicated.
10 (Nirwana et al., Seven Tools Based on the results of the study, samples taken
in the CP1 area were 430 available Light Fire
2022)
Extinguishers, from several Seven Tools
methods the main cause of freezing of Fire
Extinguishers as shown in the Pareto diagram of
frozen fire extinguishers, the largest frequency
distribution was 31.17%, where Engine Factor is
caused by high engine vibration. Judging from
the other controls on the Pareto diagram, the
other main causes are three main factors, namely
Machines, Materials, and Humans. The
recommended research topic is the analysis of
the application of Occupational Safety and
Health Standards at PT. Indorama Synthetic by
using the Seven Tools method, namely by
improving the layout at the factory for the
placement of Light Fire Extinguishers distance
from the machine as far as ± 1 meter. Provide a
sticker indicating the presence of a Fire
Extinguisher and periodic checks are carried out
at least once a month with a Check Sheet that is
made more attractive.
11 (Antony et al., Seven Tools seven QC tools were widely utilized in
production or manufacturing areas but least
2021)
applied in IT and finance functions. The
common benefits from the use of seven basic
tools of QC in all sectors include: providing
structure to the problem-solving efforts; aids
problem solving and helps in problem
definition, measurement, and analysis. This
article presents a list of critical success factors
(CSFs) required for the proper application of the
seven QC tools including having management
support and a commitment to tool usage as well
as having a continuous improvement initiative to
encourage tool usage. This article is the first
global research focused on investigating Dr.
Ishikawa’s statement: “95% of problems in
processes can be solved using the 7 QC tools.”
The findings further facilitate an important first
step toward understanding the applicability,
benefits, CSFs, and challenges to utilizing these
tools in organizations across sectors and
globally.
12 (Septian & Seven Tools In the analysis, it was found that the biggest
Christine defects were in the torn packaging (40%) and
crushed processing (38%). The results of the
Sembiring, study of cause and effect diagrams found that the
2019) influence of labor, machinery, materials was the
main point that had to be improved. In making
the control chart Clp does not cross the UCLp
and LCLp lines so that statistically out of control
process variations are not found. Because there
are no process variations that are outside the
control limits, no revision is needed. Thus the
process is in control. This study also uses the six
sigma method to calculate the DPMO value and
see the sigma level of companies in the
industrial world. The result of the calculation is
that the DPMO value in the company is 21,800
with a defect value of around 27%. It can be
stated that the company has an average level of
3, which is above the Indonesian industry
average. This is included in a fairly good level.
13 (Erdhianto, Seven Tools From the analysis using the seven tools, defects in
granulated sugar with 50 kg packages were
n.d.,2021) generated, namely, less light prints (146), torn
packages (299), dirty packages (224) and loose
seams (200). The defect with torn packaging is the
most dominant type of defect. Improvement steps to
reduce the number of defects in sugar packaging in
the future are carried out on five factors, namely
humans, methods, machines, materials and the
environment based on a comparison between the
causes of the problem and the standards applicable
in the company
(Sumber Olah Data 2023)
2. Control Chart
Pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Dr. Walter Andrew Shewhart
dari Bell Telephone Laboratories, Amerika Serikat, tahun 1924,
dengan maksud untuk menghilangkan variasi tidak normal memalui
pemisahan variasi yang disebabkan oleh penyebab khusus dan
penyebab umum. Peta control umumnya dipergunakan untuk :
a. Menentukan apakah suatu proses berada dalam pengendalian
statistical
b. Memantau proses terus menerus sepanjang waktu agar proses
tetap stabil secara statistik, dan hanya mengandung variasi
penyebab umum.
c. Menentukan kemampuan proses.
Gambar 2.2 Contoh Control Chart
(Sumber :Radianza & Mashabai, n.d.)
(1−𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 )
d. Hitung nilai simpangan baku, yaitu 𝑆𝑝 = √𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 , jika
𝑛
𝑝(1−𝑝)
UCL = 𝑝̅ + 3 (√ )
𝑛
𝑝(1−𝑝)
LCL = 𝑝̅ − 3 (√ )
𝑛
Data dalam penelitian ini didapat dengan cara proses wawancara dan
observasi pada UMKM Wondis, data yang diolah menggunakan metode Seven
Tools adalah data primer. Data primer merupakan informasi yang
berhubungan dengan objek penelitian yang akan diteliti dan diperoleh secara
langsung dari sumber asli. Diantaranya data, Data produksi, dan jumlah
produk yang cacat.
3.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data
Pada penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa tahapan untuk bisa menyusun laporan
penelitian pada UMKM Wondis seperti pada diagram alir dibawah ini:
4.2.2 Flowchart
4.2.4 Histogram
6.2 Saran
DAFTAR PUSTAKA