Puji dan syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena atas berkat dan
anugerah-Nyalah penulis dapat menyelesaikan penelitian ini guna memenuhi
salah satu syarat dalam menyelesaikan studi di Program Studi Strata Satu
(S1) Teknik Informatika Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi
Pelita Indonesia.
Pada kesempatan yang berbahagia ini pula, peneliti ingin
mengucapkan terimakasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada semua pihak yang
telah memberikan bantuan dan dorongan dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini.
Khususnya kepada :
1. Bapak Drs. Harry Choandra, selaku Ketua Yayasan Pendidikan Pelita
Indonesia.
2. Bapak Prof. Dr. Amries Rusli Tanjung, M.M., Ak. selaku Rektor Institut
Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia.
3. Bapak Irwan, M.Kom. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Institut Bisnis
dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia.
4. Ibu Gusrianty, M.Kom. selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Informatika
Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia.
5. Ibu Deny Jollyta, M.Kom. selaku pembimbing yang telah banyak
memberikan bimbingan yang sangat berarti dalam menyelesaikan
penulisan skripsi ini.
6. Seluruh Dosen beserta staf Fakultas Ilmu Komputer yang telah
memberikan ilmu dan pengetahuan selama menjadi mahasiswa di Institut
Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia.
7. Rekan-rekan Mahasiswa/I Program Studi Teknik Informatika Fakultas Ilmu
Komputer Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia dan semua pihak
yang tidak dapat kami sebutkan satu persatu baik secara langsung
maupun tidak langsung yang telah membantu hingga selesainya skripsi
ini.
i
Akhir kata, semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfat bagi semua pihak yang
membutuhkan terkait dengan penelitian ini.
Ryan Christian
ii
DAFTAR ISI
KULIT LUAR
KULIT DALAM
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
ABSTRAK
ABSTRACT
KATA PENGANTAR................................................................................i
DAFTAR ISI........................................................................................iii
DAFTAR TABEL.....................................................................................v
DAFTAR GAMBAR................................................................................vi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN..........................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang...............................................................1
1.2 Perumusan Masalah........................................................3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian............................................................3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian...........................................................3
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI....................................................................4
2.1 Data Mining....................................................................4
2.1.1 Definisi Data Mining............................................4
2.1.2 Metode dalam Data Mining...................................4
2.2 Algoritma K Medoids.......................................................5
2.3 Manhattan Distance........................................................7
2.4 Davies Bouldin Index.......................................................7
2.5 PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor............................................9
2.6 MySQL...........................................................................9
2.7 Visual Studio Code..........................................................9
2.8 Unified Modelling Language (UML)....................................9
2.8.1 Definisi Unified Modelling Language (UML).............9
2.8.2 Model Unified Modelling Language (UML)..............10
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN...................................................14
3.1 Kerangka Kerja Penelitian..............................................14
3.2 Data Uji.......................................................................15
BAB IV ANALISIS DAN HASIL............................................................16
iii
4.1 Rancangan Algoritma K Medoids.....................................16
4.1.1 Use Case Diagram.............................................16
4.1.2 Activity Diagram...............................................17
4.1.3 Object Diagram.................................................18
4.1.4 Class Diagram...................................................18
4.1.5 Sequence Diagram............................................19
4.1.6 Deployment Diagram.........................................21
4.2 Rancangan Aplikasi Pengujian Algoritma K-Medoids...........21
4.2.1 Rancangan Input...............................................21
4.2.2 File Data..........................................................23
4.2.3 Rancangan Output.............................................23
4.3 Penerapan Algoritma K Medoids dan Manhattan................25
4.3.1 Persiapan Data..................................................25
4.3.2 Perhitungan K Medoids.......................................35
4.4 Perhitungan Davies Bouldin Index...................................54
4.5 Pembacaan Hasil...........................................................60
4.6 Modul Program.............................................................65
4.6.1 Tampilan Dashboard..........................................65
4.6.2 Tampilan Data Field...........................................66
4.6.3 Tampilan Data Value..........................................69
4.6.4 Tampilan Perhitungan........................................72
4.6.5 Tampilan Grafik DBI..........................................78
4.7 Implementasi dan Pemeliharaan.....................................80
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.......................................................81
5.1 Kesimpulan..................................................................81
5.2 Saran..........................................................................81
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP
iv
DAFTAR TABEL
v
DAFTAR GAMBAR
vi
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1
2
narkoba makin meningkat pasca eksekusi pidana mati (Silalahi, 2019). Data
pengguna narkoba tiap tahun nya, dapat kita proses agar bisa menghasilkan
informasi atau knowledge dengan menggunakan data mining.
Data mining adalah proses mencari pola atau informasi dalam data
terpilih dengan menggunakan Teknik atau metode tertentu (Hikmah et al.,
2019). Hasil dari pengolahan data dengan metode data mining ini dapat
digunakan untuk mengambil keputusan dimasa depan (Rofiqo et al., 2018).
Adapun salah satu Teknik data mining adalah Clustering. Clustering
merupakan Teknik data mining yang membagi data dalam suatu himpunan ke
dalam beberapa kelompok yang mana kesamaan data dalam suatu kelompok
lebih besar dibandingkan kesamaan date tersebut dengan data dalam
kelompok lain (Beta Estri Adiana et al., 2018).
Terdapat banyak algoritma dalam clustering, salah satu nya adalah K-
Medoids. Algoritma K-Medoids clustering adalah untuk menemukan K Klaster
dalam n objek dengan pertama kali secara sembarangan menemukan objek
representative untuk tiap tiap klister. Objek yang mewakili setiap klister
disebut dengan medoid. Klaster dibangun dengan menghitung kemiripan yang
dimiliuki8 antara medoid dengan objek non-medoid menggunakan ukuran
kesamaan. Ukuran kesamaan yang digunakan adalah jarak Manhattan
(Sihombing et al., 2019). Manhattan Distance adalah pengukuran
similariry/kemiripan yang paling cocok angka yang natural atau dengan data
yang bersifat kuantitatif (Khoiriya Latifah, Abdul Rochim, 2019).
Selain algoritma, juga terdapat banyak metode clustering yang dalam
penggunaannya tergantung pada tipe data yang akan dikelompokkan dan apa
tujuan dari pembuatan aplikasi nya (Silitonga & Sri, 2017). Untuk
menentukan cluster yang optimal, akan digunakan Teknik Davies Bouldin
Index (DBI). Davies Bouldin Index (DBI) merupakan salah satu metode
evaluasi internal yang digunakan untuk mengukur evaluasi cluster yang
didasarkan pada nilai separasi dan kohesi. Kohesi adalah jumlah kedekatan
data terhadap pusat cluster dari cluster yang diikuti. Separasi berupa jarak
antara pusat cluster dari cluster-nya (Dewi & Pramita, 2019).
Oleh sebab itu dirasa perlu untuk membuat suatu penelitian tentang
penentuan cluster optimal menggunakan Davies Bouldin Index terhadap data
narkoba dengan penerapan algoritma K-Medoids dan perhitungan jarak
Manhattan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data uji Narkoba yang berasal dari
3
LANDASAN TEORI
Pada BAB II akan dijabarkan referensi apa saja yang akan digunakan
untuk mendukung penelitian ini sehingga dapat menjadi suatu kerangka kerja
yang baik.
4
5
(1)
Keterangan:
d = jarak dari x ke y
x = nilai yang ada pada data cluster i
y = nilai medoid pada cluster i
ss w i+ ss w j
Ri , j =
SS B i , j
(2)
Dimana SSBi,j didapatkan dengan mencari jarak antar centorid dengan
rumus sebagai berikut :
SS B i , j =Σ | y i − y j|
(3)
Keterangan:
yi = centroid yang ada pada cluster i
yj = centroid yang ada pada cluster j
Sedangkan SSW, yang bisa dikatakan juga sebagai nilai sebaran yang
ada pada suatu cluster didapatkan dengan menggunakan rumus:
ni
1
ss w i= ∑ ⅆ ( x , y )
ni j=1
(4)
Keterangan :
n = jumlah data pada cluster i
d(x,y) = Manhattan distance yang telah di jabarkan pada sub bab 2.3
(5)
Dari penjelasan persamaan diatas, k adalah jumlah cluster, nilai davies
bouldin yang diperoleh semakin kecil (non-negatif>=0) maka pengujian
9
II.6 MySQL
MySQL adalah salah satu jenis database yang cukup banyak
digunakan. Kepopulerannya disebabkan karena MySQL menggunakan SQL
sebagai bahasa dasar untuk mengakses databasenya. Selain karena itu,
MySQL cukup banyak digunakan karena MySQL bersifat gratis dengan lisensi
GNU General Public License (GPL). Dengan adanya keadaan ini maka anda
dapat meggunakan software ini dengan bebas tanpa perlu harus takut dengan
lisensi yang ada. MySQL termasuk jenis RDBMS (Relational Database
Management System) yang membuat istilah table, baris, kolom digunakan
pada MySQL (Teguh, 2019).
MEDOTOLOGI PENELITIAN
15
16
Gambar 4.1 Use Case Diagram Aplikasi Pengujian Algoritma K Medoids dan
DBI
Berdasarkan gambar 4.1, use case diagram baru dimulai dengan peran
aktor user yaitu menginput data pengguna narkoba secara manual atau
otomatis dengan file excel. Setelah proses penginputan data selesai,
dilanjutkan dengan pengguna menentukan dan menginputkan nilai K uji ke
halaman perhitungan untuk memulai proses pengelompokkan data dengan K
Medoids dan perhitungan jarak Manhattan secara otomatis oleh sistem hingga
iterasi terakhir dari K Uji yang diinputkan. Ketika hasil pengelompokkan
keluar, akan dilanjutkan pengevaluasian dengan Davies Bouldin index yang
17
18
juga akan dilakukan secara otomatis oleh sistem. Hasil akan digambarkan
dalam bentuk grafik oleh sistem Ketika proses evaluasi selesai dilakukan.
Gambar 4.2 Activity Diagram Aplikasi Pengujian Algoritma K Medoids dan DBI
pengevaluasian dengan Davies Bouldin index yang juga akan dilakukan secara
otomatis oleh sistem. Hasil evaluasi akan digambarkan dalam bentuk grafik
oleh sistem saat proses evaluasi selesai dilakukan.
Gambar 4.3 Object Diagram Aplikasi Pengujian Algoritma K Medoids dan DBI
Gambar 4.4 Class Diagram Aplikasi Pengujian Algoritma K Medoids dan DBI
20
Pada gambar 4.6, Form input data field hanya sebuah form yang terdiri
atas 1 kolom inputan untuk nama Field.
Pada gambar 4.11, terlihat sebuah grafik hasil perhitungan nilai index
dengan DBI. Hasil Cluster dihitung nilai nya dan digambarkan kedalam
sebuah grafik agar mudah dibaca.
Severe Side
keflex 1 Highly Effective
8 Effects
Moderately Mild Side
minocycline 5
9 Effective Effects
Considerably Moderate Side
klonopin 7
10 Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
zoloft 7
11 Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
retin-a-micro 9
12 Effective Effects
Mild Side
requip 10 Highly Effective
13 Effects
Considerably Mild Side
wellbutrin 8
14 Effective Effects
Moderately
motrin 8 No Side Effects
15 Effective
Considerably
accupril 9 No Side Effects
16 Effective
17 naproxen 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects
18 propecia 9 Highly Effective No Side Effects
Mild Side
prozac 9 Highly Effective
19 Effects
Considerably
remicade 9 No Side Effects
20 Effective
Considerably Mild Side
plavix 7
21 Effective Effects
Severe Side
paxil 4 Highly Effective
22 Effects
Moderately
galzin 7 No Side Effects
23 Effective
Mild Side
tylenol 9 Highly Effective
24 Effects
Mild Side
seroquel 9 Highly Effective
25 Effects
Considerably
ritalin 8 No Side Effects
26 Effective
Moderately Mild Side
lexapro 6
27 Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
ultram 8
28 Effective Effects
29 oracea 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects
28
Marginally
lexapro 6 No Side Effects
30 Effective
Moderate Side
retin-a 9 Highly Effective
31 Effects
Mild Side
celebrex 3 Ineffective
32 Effects
33 minocycline 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects
Marginally Moderate Side
lunesta 3
34 Effective Effects
Marginally Severe Side
soma 1
35 Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
effexor 8
36 Effective Effects
lithium- Considerably Mild Side
8
37 carbonate Effective Effects
Severe Side
metoclopramide 1 Ineffective
38 Effects
Marginally
fosamax 2 No Side Effects
39 Effective
Mild Side
spironolactone 10 Highly Effective
40 Effects
Moderately Mild Side
dvairrin-xl 6
41 Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
lexapro 9
42 Effective Effects
Considerably
enbrel 8 No Side Effects
43 Effective
44 avapro 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects
Marginally Moderate Side
tirosint 4
45 Effective Effects
Mild Side
metformin 9 Highly Effective
46 Effects
Marginally Mild Side
differin 5
47 Effective Effects
Moderately
synthroid 7 No Side Effects
48 Effective
Mild Side
hyzaar 10 Highly Effective
49 Effects
Mild Side
lexapro 8 Highly Effective
50 Effects
Considerably
ketorolac 7 No Side Effects
51 Effective
29
10 KLONOPIN 7 2 3
11 ZOLOFT 7 2 1
12 RETIN-A-MICRO 9 2 1
13 REQUIP 10 1 1
14 WELLBUTRIN 8 2 1
15 MOTRIN 8 3 2
16 ACCUPRIL 9 2 2
17 NAPROXEN 10 1 2
18 PROPECIA 9 1 2
19 PROZAC 9 1 1
20 REMICADE 9 2 2
21 PLAVIX 7 2 1
22 PAXIL 4 1 4
23 GALZIN 7 3 2
24 TYLENOL 9 1 1
25 SEROQUEL 9 1 1
26 RITALIN 8 2 2
27 LEXAPRO 6 3 1
28 ULTRAM 8 2 1
29 ORACEA 10 1 2
30 LEXAPRO 6 5 2
31 RETIN-A 9 1 3
32 CELEBREX 3 4 1
33 MINOCYCLINE 10 1 2
34 LUNESTA 3 5 3
35 SOMA 1 5 4
36 EFFEXOR 8 2 1
LITHIUM-
37 CARBONATE 8 2 1
38 METOCLOPRAMIDE 1 4 4
39 FOSAMAX 2 5 2
40 SPIRONOLACTONE 10 1 1
41 WELLBUTRIN-XL 6 3 1
42 LEXAPRO 9 2 1
43 ENBREL 8 2 2
44 AVAPRO 10 1 2
45 TIROSINT 4 5 3
46 METFORMIN 9 1 1
47 DIFFERIN 5 5 1
48 SYNTHROID 7 3 2
49 HYZAAR 10 1 1
50 LEXAPRO 8 1 1
51 KETOROLAC 7 2 2
32
52 PROPECIA 10 1 2
53 METROGEL 1 4 3
54 TRAMADOL 1 4 5
55 AUGMENTIN 10 1 2
56 PAXIL 4 5 3
57 ELIDEL 1 4 4
58 ADDERALL 8 1 3
59 MERIDIA 10 1 2
60 NORVASC 5 5 2
61 IMITREX 7 3 3
62 WELLBUTRIN-XL 10 1 1
63 LAMISIL 10 1 2
64 RETIN-A 5 3 2
65 AXERT 10 1 2
66 PROZAC 8 2 3
67 AMBIEN-CR 9 2 2
68 VICODIN 3 1 4
69 CELEBREX 9 1 2
70 PERMAPEN 10 1 5
71 EFFEXOR 8 2 1
72 SEROQUEL 8 1 1
73 PRINIVIL 5 3 1
74 DIFFERIN 8 2 1
75 IMITREX 8 2 1
76 FOSAMAX 1 4 5
77 CIALIS 10 1 1
78 MIRTAZAPINE 2 4 1
79 AVAGE 5 5 3
80 BETAMETHASONE 2 4 4
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
50
2 TAMIFLU 1 5 4
Tabel 4.4 merupakan hasil transformasi data dari tabel 4.3. Setelah
proses ini, dilanjutkan dengan proses normalisasi data yang bertujuan untuk
mengatasi jarak yang jauh dari suatu data dengan data lain. Proses
normalisasi diawali dengan menghitung nilai terendah dan teringgi dari setiap
Attribut. Berikut ini nilai terendah dan tertinggi yang dimaksud.
33
Misalnya normalisasi attribute rating pada data ke-1 table 4.4, nilai
attribut data tersebut adalah 10. Sedangkan nilai terendah dan tertinggi
attribute tersebut seperti yang ada pada table 4.5 adalah 1 dan 10.
Selanjutnya angka angka ini akan dimasukkan ke persamaan (6) dan
didapatkan nilai 1 sebagai hasil normalisasi dengan perhitungan sebagai
berikut.
10−1
=1
10−1
8
5 PRINIVIL 1 0 0.25
6 RETIN-A-MICRO 0 0.75 0.75
7 VIAGRA 1 0 0
8 KEFLEX 0 0 0.75
0.44444444
9 MINOCYCLINE 0.5 0
4
0.66666666
10 KLONOPIN 0.25 0.5
7
0.66666666
11 ZOLOFT 0.25 0
7
0.88888888
12 RETIN-A-MICRO 0.25 0
9
13 REQUIP 1 0 0
0.77777777
14 WELLBUTRIN 0.25 0
8
0.77777777
15 MOTRIN 0.5 0.25
8
0.88888888
16 ACCUPRIL 0.25 0.25
9
17 NAPROXEN 1 0 0.25
0.88888888
18 PROPECIA 0 0.25
9
0.88888888
19 PROZAC 0 0
9
0.88888888
20 REMICADE 0.25 0.25
9
0.66666666
21 PLAVIX 0.25 0
7
0.33333333
22 PAXIL 0 0.75
3
0.66666666
23 GALZIN 0.5 0.25
7
0.88888888
24 TYLENOL 0 0
9
0.88888888
25 SEROQUEL 0 0
9
0.77777777
26 RITALIN 0.25 0.25
8
0.55555555
27 LEXAPRO 0.5 0
6
0.77777777
28 ULTRAM 0.25 0
8
29 ORACEA 1 0 0.25
0.55555555
30 LEXAPRO 1 0.25
6
0.88888888
31 RETIN-A 0 0.5
9
0.22222222
32 CELEBREX 0.75 0
2
35
33 MINOCYCLINE 1 0 0.25
0.22222222
34 LUNESTA 1 0.5
2
35 SOMA 0 1 0.75
0.77777777
36 EFFEXOR 0.25 0
8
LITHIUM- 0.77777777
37 0.25 0
CARBONATE 8
38 METOCLOPRAMIDE 0 0.75 0.75
0.11111111
39 FOSAMAX 1 0.25
1
40 SPIRONOLACTONE 1 0 0
0.55555555
41 WELLBUTRIN-XL 0.5 0
6
0.88888888
42 LEXAPRO 0.25 0
9
0.77777777
43 ENBREL 0.25 0.25
8
44 AVAPRO 1 0 0.25
0.33333333
45 TIROSINT 1 0.5
3
0.88888888
46 METFORMIN 0 0
9
0.44444444
47 DIFFERIN 1 0
4
0.66666666
48 SYNTHROID 0.5 0.25
7
49 HYZAAR 1 0 0
0.77777777
50 LEXAPRO 0 0
8
0.66666666
51 KETOROLAC 0.25 0.25
7
52 PROPECIA 1 0 0.25
53 METROGEL 0 0.75 0.5
54 TRAMADOL 0 0.75 1
55 AUGMENTIN 1 0 0.25
0.33333333
56 PAXIL 1 0.5
3
57 ELIDEL 0 0.75 0.75
0.77777777
58 ADDERALL 0 0.5
8
59 MERIDIA 1 0 0.25
0.44444444
60 NORVASC 1 0.25
4
0.66666666
61 IMITREX 0.5 0.5
7
62 WELLBUTRIN-XL 1 0 0
63 LAMISIL 1 0 0.25
36
0.44444444
64 RETIN-A 0.5 0.25
4
65 AXERT 1 0 0.25
0.77777777
66 PROZAC 0.25 0.5
8
0.88888888
67 AMBIEN-CR 0.25 0.25
9
0.22222222
68 VICODIN 0 0.75
2
0.88888888
69 CELEBREX 0 0.25
9
70 PERMAPEN 1 0 1
0.77777777
71 EFFEXOR 0.25 0
8
0.77777777
72 SEROQUEL 0 0
8
0.44444444
73 PRINIVIL 0.5 0
4
0.77777777
74 DIFFERIN 0.25 0
8
0.77777777
75 IMITREX 0.25 0
8
76 FOSAMAX 0 0.75 1
77 CIALIS 1 0 0
0.11111111
78 MIRTAZAPINE 0.75 0
1
0.44444444
79 AVAGE 1 0.5
4
0.11111111
80 BETAMETHASONE 0.75 0.75
1
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
50
TAMIFLU 0 1 0.75
2
Iterasi 1
Tabel 4.7 Medoids Awal
EFFECTIVENES SIDE
No DRUG NAME RATING
S EFFECTS
1 HYTRIN 1 0 0.25
2 STRATTERA 0.222222222 1 0.5
778
0.777777 0.722222 1.805555
14 WELLBUTRIN 0.25 0
778 222 556
0.777777 0.722222 1.305555
15 MOTRIN 0.5 0.25
778 222 556
0.888888 0.361111 1.666666
16 ACCUPRIL 0.25 0.25
889 111 667
2.027777
17 NAPROXEN 1 0 0.25 0
778
0.888888 0.111111 1.916666
18 PROPECIA 0 0.25
889 111 667
0.888888 0.361111 2.166666
19 PROZAC 0 0
889 111 667
0.888888 0.361111 1.666666
20 REMICADE 0.25 0.25
889 111 667
0.666666 0.833333 1.694444
21 PLAVIX 0.25 0
667 333 444
0.333333 1.166666 1.361111
22 PAXIL 0 0.75
333 667 111
0.666666 0.833333 1.194444
23 GALZIN 0.5 0.25
667 333 444
0.888888 0.361111 2.166666
24 TYLENOL 0 0
889 111 667
0.888888 0.361111 2.166666
25 SEROQUEL 0 0
889 111 667
0.777777 0.472222 1.555555
26 RITALIN 0.25 0.25
778 222 556
0.555555 1.194444 1.333333
27 LEXAPRO 0.5 0
556 444 333
0.777777 0.722222 1.805555
28 ULTRAM 0.25 0
778 222 556
2.027777
29 ORACEA 1 0 0.25 0
778
0.555555 1.444444 0.583333
30 LEXAPRO 1 0.25
556 444 333
0.888888 0.361111 1.666666
31 RETIN-A 0 0.5
889 111 667
0.222222 1.777777
32 CELEBREX 0.75 0 0.75
222 778
MINOCYCLIN 2.027777
33 1 0 0.25 0
E 778
0.222222 2.027777
34 LUNESTA 1 0.5 0
222 778
0.472222
35 SOMA 0 1 0.75 2.5
222
0.777777 0.722222 1.805555
36 EFFEXOR 0.25 0
778 222 556
LITHIUM- 0.777777 0.722222 1.805555
37 0.25 0
CARBONATE 778 222 556
METOCLOPRA 0.722222
38 0 0.75 0.75 2.25
MIDE 222
39
1 EULEXIN 1 0 0.25 0 1
2 PROVIGIL 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.888888 0.361111
3 NEURONTIN 0 0 1
889 111
0.777777 0.472222
4 KLARON 0.25 0.25 1
778 222
5 PRINIVIL 1 0 0.25 0 1
RETIN-A- 0.722222
6 0 0.75 0.75 2
MICRO 222
7 VIAGRA 1 0 0 0.25 1
1.472222
8 KEFLEX 0 0 0.75 2
222
0.444444 1.222222
9 MINOCYCLINE 0.5 0 2
444 222
0.666666 0.833333
10 KLONOPIN 0.25 0.5 1
667 333
0.666666 0.833333
11 ZOLOFT 0.25 0 1
667 333
RETIN-A- 0.888888 0.611111
12 0.25 0 1
MICRO 889 111
13 REQUIP 1 0 0 0.25 1
0.777777 0.722222
14 WELLBUTRIN 0.25 0 1
778 222
0.777777 0.722222
15 MOTRIN 0.5 0.25 1
778 222
0.888888 0.361111
16 ACCUPRIL 0.25 0.25 1
889 111
17 NAPROXEN 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.888888 0.111111
18 PROPECIA 0 0.25 1
889 111
0.888888 0.361111
19 PROZAC 0 0 1
889 111
0.888888 0.361111
20 REMICADE 0.25 0.25 1
889 111
0.666666 0.833333
21 PLAVIX 0.25 0 1
667 333
0.333333 1.166666
22 PAXIL 0 0.75 1
333 667
0.666666 0.833333
23 GALZIN 0.5 0.25 1
667 333
0.888888 0.361111
24 TYLENOL 0 0 1
889 111
0.888888 0.361111
25 SEROQUEL 0 0 1
889 111
0.777777 0.472222
26 RITALIN 0.25 0.25 1
778 222
0.555555 1.194444
27 LEXAPRO 0.5 0 1
556 444
0.777777 0.722222
28 ULTRAM 0.25 0 1
778 222
42
29 ORACEA 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.555555 0.583333
30 LEXAPRO 1 0.25 2
556 333
0.888888 0.361111
31 RETIN-A 0 0.5 1
889 111
0.222222
32 CELEBREX 0.75 0 0.75 2
222
33 MINOCYCLINE 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.222222
34 LUNESTA 1 0.5 0 2
222
0.472222
35 SOMA 0 1 0.75 2
222
0.777777 0.722222
36 EFFEXOR 0.25 0 1
778 222
LITHIUM- 0.777777 0.722222
37 0.25 0 1
CARBONATE 778 222
METOCLOPRA 0.722222
38 0 0.75 0.75 2
MIDE 222
0.111111 0.361111
39 FOSAMAX 1 0.25 2
111 111
SPIRONOLACT
40 1 0 0 0.25 1
ONE
WELLBUTRIN- 0.555555 1.194444
41 0.5 0 1
XL 556 444
0.888888 0.611111
42 LEXAPRO 0.25 0 1
889 111
0.777777 0.472222
43 ENBREL 0.25 0.25 1
778 222
44 AVAPRO 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.333333 0.111111
45 TIROSINT 1 0.5 2
333 111
0.888888 0.361111
46 METFORMIN 0 0 1
889 111
0.444444 0.722222
47 DIFFERIN 1 0 2
444 222
0.666666 0.833333
48 SYNTHROID 0.5 0.25 1
667 333
49 HYZAAR 1 0 0 0.25 1
0.777777 0.472222
50 LEXAPRO 0 0 1
778 222
0.666666 0.583333
51 KETOROLAC 0.25 0.25 1
667 333
52 PROPECIA 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.472222
53 METROGEL 0 0.75 0.5 2
222
0.972222
54 TRAMADOL 0 0.75 1 2
222
55 AUGMENTIN 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.333333 0.111111
56 PAXIL 1 0.5 2
333 111
43
0.722222
57 ELIDEL 0 0.75 0.75 2
222
0.777777 0.472222
58 ADDERALL 0 0.5 1
778 222
59 MERIDIA 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.444444 0.472222
60 NORVASC 1 0.25 2
444 222
0.666666 0.944444
61 IMITREX 0.5 0.5 2
667 444
WELLBUTRIN-
62 1 0 0 0.25 1
XL
63 LAMISIL 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.444444 0.972222
64 RETIN-A 0.5 0.25 2
444 222
65 AXERT 1 0 0.25 0 1
0.777777 0.722222
66 PROZAC 0.25 0.5 1
778 222
0.888888 0.361111
67 AMBIEN-CR 0.25 0.25 1
889 111
0.222222
68 VICODIN 0 0.75 1.25 2
222
0.888888 0.111111
69 CELEBREX 0 0.25 1
889 111
70 PERMAPEN 1 0 1 0.75 1
0.777777 0.722222
71 EFFEXOR 0.25 0 1
778 222
0.777777 0.472222
72 SEROQUEL 0 0 1
778 222
0.444444 1.222222
73 PRINIVIL 0.5 0 2
444 222
0.777777 0.722222
74 DIFFERIN 0.25 0 1
778 222
0.777777 0.722222
75 IMITREX 0.25 0 1
778 222
0.972222
76 FOSAMAX 0 0.75 1 2
222
77 CIALIS 1 0 0 0.25 1
0.111111 0.861111
78 MIRTAZAPINE 0.75 0 2
111 111
0.444444 0.222222
79 AVAGE 1 0.5 2
444 222
BETAMETHAS 0.111111 0.611111
80 0.75 0.75 2
ONE 111 111
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
50 0.472222
TAMIFLU 0 1 0.75 2
2 222
44
0.472222
13 REQUIP 1 0 0 2
222
0.777777
14 WELLBUTRIN 0.25 0 0 2
778
0.777777
15 MOTRIN 0.5 0.25 0.5 2
778
0.888888 0.361111
16 ACCUPRIL 0.25 0.25 2
889 111
0.722222
17 NAPROXEN 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.888888 0.611111
18 PROPECIA 0 0.25 2
889 111
0.888888 0.361111
19 PROZAC 0 0 2
889 111
0.888888 0.361111
20 REMICADE 0.25 0.25 2
889 111
0.666666 0.111111
21 PLAVIX 0.25 0 2
667 111
0.333333 1.444444
22 PAXIL 0 0.75 2
333 444
0.666666 0.611111
23 GALZIN 0.5 0.25 2
667 111
0.888888 0.361111
24 TYLENOL 0 0 2
889 111
0.888888 0.361111
25 SEROQUEL 0 0 2
889 111
0.777777
26 RITALIN 0.25 0.25 0.25 2
778
0.555555 0.472222
27 LEXAPRO 0.5 0 2
556 222
0.777777
28 ULTRAM 0.25 0 0 2
778
0.722222
29 ORACEA 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.555555 1.222222
30 LEXAPRO 1 0.25 2
556 222
0.888888 0.861111
31 RETIN-A 0 0.5 2
889 111
0.222222 1.055555
32 CELEBREX 0.75 0 2
222 556
0.722222
33 MINOCYCLINE 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.222222 0.722222
34 LUNESTA 1 0.5 1
222 222
35 SOMA 0 1 0.75 0.25 1
0.777777
36 EFFEXOR 0.25 0 0 2
778
LITHIUM- 0.777777
37 0.25 0 0 2
CARBONATE 778
METOCLOPRA
38 0 0.75 0.75 0.5 1
MIDE
46
0.111111 0.861111
39 FOSAMAX 1 0.25 1
111 111
SPIRONOLACT 0.472222
40 1 0 0 2
ONE 222
WELLBUTRIN- 0.555555 0.472222
41 0.5 0 2
XL 556 222
0.888888 0.111111
42 LEXAPRO 0.25 0 2
889 111
0.777777
43 ENBREL 0.25 0.25 0.25 2
778
0.722222
44 AVAPRO 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.333333 0.833333
45 TIROSINT 1 0.5 1
333 333
0.888888 0.361111
46 METFORMIN 0 0 2
889 111
0.444444 1.083333
47 DIFFERIN 1 0 2
444 333
0.666666 0.611111
48 SYNTHROID 0.5 0.25 2
667 111
0.472222
49 HYZAAR 1 0 0 2
222
0.777777
50 LEXAPRO 0 0 0.25 2
778
0.666666 0.361111
51 KETOROLAC 0.25 0.25 2
667 111
0.722222
52 PROPECIA 1 0 0.25 2
222
53 METROGEL 0 0.75 0.5 0.75 1
54 TRAMADOL 0 0.75 1 0.25 1
0.722222
55 AUGMENTIN 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.333333 0.833333
56 PAXIL 1 0.5 1
333 333
57 ELIDEL 0 0.75 0.75 0.5 1
0.777777
58 ADDERALL 0 0.5 0.75 2
778
0.722222
59 MERIDIA 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.444444 1.194444
60 NORVASC 1 0.25 1
444 444
0.666666 0.861111
61 IMITREX 0.5 0.5 2
667 111
WELLBUTRIN- 0.472222
62 1 0 0 2
XL 222
0.722222
63 LAMISIL 1 0 0.25 2
222
0.444444 0.833333
64 RETIN-A 0.5 0.25 2
444 333
0.722222
65 AXERT 1 0 0.25 2
222
47
0.777777
66 PROZAC 0.25 0.5 0.5 2
778
0.888888 0.361111
67 AMBIEN-CR 0.25 0.25 2
889 111
0.222222 1.472222
68 VICODIN 0 0.75 1
222 222
0.888888 0.611111
69 CELEBREX 0 0.25 2
889 111
1.472222
70 PERMAPEN 1 0 1 2
222
0.777777
71 EFFEXOR 0.25 0 0 2
778
0.777777
72 SEROQUEL 0 0 0.25 2
778
0.444444 0.583333
73 PRINIVIL 0.5 0 2
444 333
0.777777
74 DIFFERIN 0.25 0 0 2
778
0.777777
75 IMITREX 0.25 0 0 2
778
76 FOSAMAX 0 0.75 1 0.25 1
0.472222
77 CIALIS 1 0 0 2
222
0.111111 1.166666
78 MIRTAZAPINE 0.75 0 2
111 667
0.444444 0.944444
79 AVAGE 1 0.5 1
444 444
BETAMETHAS 0.111111 0.611111
80 0.75 0.75 1
ONE 111 111
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
50
TAMIFLU 0 1 0.75 0.25 1
2
294,8056−275,8056=19
Mild Side
24 tylenol 9 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Mild Side
25 seroquel 9 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Considerably No Side
26 ritalin 8 2
Effective Effects
Moderately Mild Side
27 lexapro 6 2
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
28 ultram 8 2
Effective Effects
No Side
29 oracea 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Marginally No Side
30 lexapro 6 2
Effective Effects
Moderate
31 retin-a 9 Highly Effective 2
Side Effects
Mild Side
32 celebrex 3 Ineffective 2
Effects
No Side
33 minocycline 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Marginally Moderate
34 lunesta 3 1
Effective Side Effects
Marginally Severe Side
35 soma 1 1
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
36 effexor 8 2
Effective Effects
lithium- Considerably Mild Side
37 8 2
carbonate Effective Effects
metoclopramid Severe Side
38 1 Ineffective 1
e Effects
Marginally No Side
39 fosamax 2 1
Effective Effects
Mild Side
40 spironolactone 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Moderately Mild Side
41 wellbutrin-xl 6 2
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
42 lexapro 9 2
Effective Effects
Considerably No Side
43 enbrel 8 2
Effective Effects
No Side
44 avapro 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Marginally Moderate
45 tirosint 4 1
Effective Side Effects
Mild Side
46 metformin 9 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Marginally Mild Side
47 differin 5 2
Effective Effects
Moderately No Side
48 synthroid 7 2
Effective Effects
49 hyzaar 10 Highly Effective Mild Side 2
50
Effects
Mild Side
50 lexapro 8 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Considerably No Side
51 ketorolac 7 2
Effective Effects
No Side
52 propecia 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Moderate
53 metrogel 1 Ineffective 1
Side Effects
Extremely
54 tramadol 1 Ineffective Severe Side 1
Effects
No Side
55 augmentin 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Marginally Moderate
56 paxil 4 1
Effective Side Effects
Severe Side
57 elidel 1 Ineffective 1
Effects
Moderate
58 adderall 8 Highly Effective 2
Side Effects
No Side
59 meridia 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Marginally No Side
60 norvasc 5 1
Effective Effects
Moderately Moderate
61 imitrex 7 2
Effective Side Effects
Mild Side
62 wellbutrin-xl 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
No Side
63 lamisil 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Moderately No Side
64 retin-a 5 2
Effective Effects
No Side
65 axert 10 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Considerably Moderate
66 prozac 8 2
Effective Side Effects
Considerably No Side
67 ambien-cr 9 2
Effective Effects
Severe Side
68 vicodin 3 Highly Effective 1
Effects
No Side
69 celebrex 9 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Extremely
70 permapen 10 Highly Effective Severe Side 2
Effects
Considerably Mild Side
71 effexor 8 2
Effective Effects
Mild Side
72 seroquel 8 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Moderately Mild Side
73 prinivil 5 2
Effective Effects
51
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
12 retin-a-micro 9 2
Effective Effects
Mild Side
13 requip 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Considerably Mild Side
14 wellbutrin 8 9
Effective Effects
Moderately No Side
15 motrin 8 6
Effective Effects
Considerably No Side
16 accupril 9 2
Effective Effects
No Side
17 naproxen 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
No Side
18 propecia 9 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Mild Side
19 prozac 9 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Considerably No Side
20 remicade 9 2
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
21 plavix 7 9
Effective Effects
Severe
22 paxil 4 Highly Effective 11
Side Effects
Moderately No Side
23 galzin 7 6
Effective Effects
Mild Side
24 tylenol 9 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Mild Side
25 seroquel 9 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Considerably No Side
26 ritalin 8 9
Effective Effects
Moderately Mild Side
27 lexapro 6 6
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
28 ultram 8 9
Effective Effects
No Side
29 oracea 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Marginally No Side
30 lexapro 6 6
Effective Effects
Moderate
31 retin-a 9 Highly Effective 5
Side Effects
Mild Side
32 celebrex 3 Ineffective 10
Effects
No Side
33 minocycline 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Marginally Moderate
34 lunesta 3 4
Effective Side Effects
Marginally Severe
35 soma 1 4
Effective Side Effects
Considerably Mild Side
36 effexor 8 9
Effective Effects
53
Mild Side
62 wellbutrin-xl 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
No Side
63 lamisil 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Moderately No Side
64 retin-a 5 6
Effective Effects
No Side
65 axert 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Considerably Moderate
66 prozac 8 9
Effective Side Effects
Considerably No Side
67 ambien-cr 9 2
Effective Effects
Severe
68 vicodin 3 Highly Effective 11
Side Effects
No Side
69 celebrex 9 Highly Effective 2
Effects
Extremely
70 permapen 10 Highly Effective Severe 1
Side Effects
Considerably Mild Side
71 effexor 8 9
Effective Effects
Mild Side
72 seroquel 8 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Moderately Mild Side
73 prinivil 5 6
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
74 differin 8 9
Effective Effects
Considerably Mild Side
75 imitrex 8 9
Effective Effects
Extremely
76 fosamax 1 Ineffective Severe 7
Side Effects
Mild Side
77 cialis 10 Highly Effective 3
Effects
Mild Side
78 mirtazapine 2 Ineffective 10
Effects
Marginally Moderate
79 avage 5 4
Effective Side Effects
Severe
80 betamethasone 2 Ineffective 10
Side Effects
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
Marginally Severe Side
502 tamiflu 1 4
Effective Effects
perhitungan nilai index menggunakan persamaan (2), (3), (4) dan (5) untuk
memperoleh cluster optimal. Berikut dijelaskan contoh perhitungan DBI untuk
K=2.
Perhitungan DBI dimulai dengan menghitung nilai centroid cluster
setiap atribut. Perhitungan ini menggunakan rumus sebagai berikut
12
=0,12
100
0.6666 0.44009121
21 plavix 0.25 0 2
7 1
0.3333 1.16521558
22 paxil 0 0.75 2
3 9
0.6666 0.51596185
23 galzin 0.5 0.25 2
7 7
0.8888 0.45626036
24 tylenol 0 0 2
9 5
0.8888 0.45626036
25 seroquel 0 0 2
9 5
0.7777 0.15485074
26 ritalin 0.25 0.25 2
8 6
0.5555 0.80120232
27 lexapro 0.5 0 2
6 2
0.7777
28 ultram 0.25 0 2 0.3289801
8
0.39324212
29 oracea 1 0 0.25 2
3
0.5555 1.12707296
30 lexapro 1 0.25 2
6 8
0.8888 0.53213101
31 retin-a 0 0.5 2
9 2
0.2222 1.38453565
32 celebrex 0.75 0 2
2 5
0.39324212
33 minocycline 1 0 0.25 2
3
0.2222 0.67722222
34 lunesta 1 0.5 1
2 2
35 soma 0 1 0.75 1 0.5
0.7777
36 effexor 0.25 0 2 0.3289801
8
lithium- 0.7777
37 0.25 0 2 0.3289801
carbonate 8
metoclopramid
38 0 0.75 0.75 1 0.25
e
0.1111 0.83388888
39 fosamax 1 0.25 1
1 9
0.56737147
40 spironolactone 1 0 0 2
6
0.5555 0.80120232
41 wellbutrin-xl 0.5 0 2
6 2
0.8888 0.39033996
42 lexapro 0.25 0 2
9 7
0.7777 0.15485074
43 enbrel 0.25 0.25 2
8 6
44 avapro 1 0 0.25 2 0.39324212
58
3
0.3333 0.78833333
45 tirosint 1 0.5 1
3 3
0.8888 0.45626036
46 metformin 0 0 2
9 5
0.4444 1.41231343
47 differin 1 0 2
4 3
0.6666 0.51596185
48 synthroid 0.5 0.25 2
7 7
0.56737147
49 hyzaar 1 0 0 2
6
0.7777 0.39490049
50 lexapro 0 0 2
8 8
0.6666 0.26596185
51 ketorolac 0.25 0.25 2
7 7
0.39324212
52 propecia 1 0 0.25 2
3
53 metrogel 0 0.75 0.5 1 0.445
54 tramadol 0 0.75 1 1 0.5
0.39324212
55 augmentin 1 0 0.25 2
3
0.3333 0.78833333
56 paxil 1 0.5 1
3 3
57 elidel 0 0.75 0.75 1 0.25
0.7777 0.47077114
58 adderall 0 0.5 2
8 4
0.39324212
59 meridia 1 0 0.25 2
3
0.4444 1.14944444
60 norvasc 1 0.25 1
4 4
0.6666 0.76596185
61 imitrex 0.5 0.5 2
7 7
0.56737147
62 wellbutrin-xl 1 0 0 2
6
0.39324212
63 lamisil 1 0 0.25 2
3
0.4444
64 retin-a 0.5 0.25 2 0.73818408
4
0.39324212
65 axert 1 0 0.25 2
3
0.7777 0.40485074
66 prozac 0.25 0.5 2
8 6
0.8888 0.21621061
67 ambien-cr 0.25 0.25 2
9 4
0.2222 0.77722222
68 vicodin 0 0.75 1
2 2
59
0.8888 0.28213101
69 celebrex 0 0.25 2
9 2
1.14324212
70 permapen 1 0 1 2
3
0.7777
71 effexor 0.25 0 2 0.3289801
8
0.7777 0.39490049
72 seroquel 0 0 2
8 8
0.4444 0.91231343
73 prinivil 0.5 0 2
4 3
0.7777
74 differin 0.25 0 2 0.3289801
8
0.7777
75 imitrex 0.25 0 2 0.3289801
8
76 fosamax 0 0.75 1 1 0.5
0.56737147
77 cialis 1 0 0 2
6
0.1111 1.49564676
78 mirtazapine 0.75 0 2
1 6
0.4444 0.89944444
79 avage 1 0.5 1
4 4
0.1111 0.13888888
80 betamethasone 0.75 0.75 1
1 9
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
50
tamiflu 0 1 0.75 1 0.5
2
0,58774444+0,513352599
=0,654391048
1,68262824
1
x 0,654391048=0,327195524
2
Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut, didapatkan nilai DBI untuk K=2
sebesar 0,327195524. Perhitungan Nilai DBI terus berlanjut untuk K=3
hingga K=11 yang dapat dilihat pada tabel 4.17 berikut.
2 0.327196
3 0.372136
4 0.321875
5 0.284278
6 0.218056
7 0.257786
8 0.143115
9 0.1337
10 0.214803
11 0.163348
Considerably
12 RETIN-A-MICRO 9 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Highly
13 REQUIP 10 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Considerably
14 WELLBUTRIN 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Moderately
15 MOTRIN 8 Effective No Side Effects 1
Considerably
16 ACCUPRIL 9 Effective No Side Effects 4
Highly
17 NAPROXEN 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Highly
18 PROPECIA 9 Effective No Side Effects 7
Highly
19 PROZAC 9 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Considerably
20 REMICADE 9 Effective No Side Effects 4
Considerably
21 PLAVIX 7 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Highly
22 PAXIL 4 Effective Severe Side Effects 5
Moderately
23 GALZIN 7 Effective No Side Effects 6
Highly
24 TYLENOL 9 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Highly
25 SEROQUEL 9 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Considerably
26 RITALIN 8 Effective No Side Effects 4
Moderately
27 LEXAPRO 6 Effective Mild Side Effects 6
Considerably
28 ULTRAM 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Highly
29 ORACEA 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Marginally
30 LEXAPRO 6 Effective No Side Effects 6
Highly Moderate Side
31 RETIN-A 9 Effective Effects 5
32 CELEBREX 3 Ineffective Mild Side Effects 6
Highly
33 MINOCYCLINE 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Marginally Moderate Side
34 LUNESTA 3 Effective Effects 6
35 SOMA 1 Marginally Severe Side Effects 6
63
Effective
Considerably
36 EFFEXOR 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
LITHIUM- Considerably
37 CARBONATE 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
METOCLOPRAMID
38 E 1 Ineffective Severe Side Effects 6
Marginally
39 FOSAMAX 2 Effective No Side Effects 6
Highly
40 SPIRONOLACTONE 10 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Moderately
41 WELLBUTRIN-XL 6 Effective Mild Side Effects 6
Considerably
42 LEXAPRO 9 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Considerably
43 ENBREL 8 Effective No Side Effects 4
Highly
44 AVAPRO 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Marginally Moderate Side
45 TIROSINT 4 Effective Effects 6
Highly
46 METFORMIN 9 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Marginally
47 DIFFERIN 5 Effective Mild Side Effects 6
Moderately
48 SYNTHROID 7 Effective No Side Effects 6
Highly
49 HYZAAR 10 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Highly
50 LEXAPRO 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Considerably
51 KETOROLAC 7 Effective No Side Effects 4
Highly
52 PROPECIA 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Moderate Side
53 METROGEL 1 Ineffective Effects 6
Extremely Severe
54 TRAMADOL 1 Ineffective Side Effects 6
Highly
55 AUGMENTIN 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Marginally Moderate Side
56 PAXIL 4 Effective Effects 6
57 ELIDEL 1 Ineffective Severe Side Effects 6
Highly Moderate Side
58 ADDERALL 8 Effective Effects 5
64
Highly
59 MERIDIA 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Marginally
60 NORVASC 5 Effective No Side Effects 6
Moderately Moderate Side
61 IMITREX 7 Effective Effects 6
Highly
62 WELLBUTRIN-XL 10 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Highly
63 LAMISIL 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Moderately
64 RETIN-A 5 Effective No Side Effects 6
Highly
65 AXERT 10 Effective No Side Effects 7
Considerably Moderate Side
66 PROZAC 8 Effective Effects 5
Considerably
67 AMBIEN-CR 9 Effective No Side Effects 4
Highly
68 VICODIN 3 Effective Severe Side Effects 5
Highly
69 CELEBREX 9 Effective No Side Effects 7
Highly Extremely Severe
70 PERMAPEN 10 Effective Side Effects 5
Considerably
71 EFFEXOR 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Highly
72 SEROQUEL 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
Moderately
73 PRINIVIL 5 Effective Mild Side Effects 6
Considerably
74 DIFFERIN 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Considerably
75 IMITREX 8 Effective Mild Side Effects 4
Extremely Severe
76 FOSAMAX 1 Ineffective Side Effects 6
Highly
77 CIALIS 10 Effective Mild Side Effects 2
78 MIRTAZAPINE 2 Ineffective Mild Side Effects 6
Marginally Moderate Side
79 AVAGE 5 Effective Effects 6
80 BETAMETHASONE 2 Ineffective Severe Side Effects 6
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . .
502 TAMIFLU 1 Marginally Severe Side Effects 6
65
Effective
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<?php
print
file_get_contents("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-medoids");
?>
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</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Include Footer -->
<?php include "include/footer.php"; ?>
</div>
</div>
.
.
.
Pada potongan code diatas menjelaskan untuk menampilkan informasi
singkat terkait k medoids yang berasal dari website en.wikipedia.org
menggunakan function file_get_content.
include "main/function.php";
include "main/excel/PHPExcel.php";
.
.
if($form == "submit"){
if($action == "add"){
if(empty($fieldname)){
$error = "Anda harus mengisi semua kolom yang di perlukan!";
}
if(!$error){
$fieldname = strtoupper($fieldname);
$query = $db->query("INSERT INTO data_field (dfieldName)
VALUES ('$fieldname')");
}
}elseif($action == "truncate"){
$query = $db->query("TRUNCATE TABLE data_field");
$query = $db->query("TRUNCATE TABLE data_value");
header("location: data_field.php");
exit;
}elseif($action == "delete"){
$query = $db->query("DELETE FROM data_field WHERE dfieldId =
'$id'");
$query = $db->query("DELETE FROM data_value WHERE dfieldId =
'$id'");
header("location: data_field.php");
exit;
}elseif($action == "edit"){
if(empty($fieldname)){
$error = "Anda harus mengisi semua kolom yang di perlukan!";
}
if(!$error){
$fieldname = strtoupper($fieldname);
$query = $db->query("UPDATE data_field SET dfieldName =
'$fieldname' WHERE dfieldId = '$id'");
}
}
.
.
.
<div class="card-body">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-bordered"
id="dataTable" width="100%" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="text-center">No</th>
<th class="text-center">Nama</th>
<th>Action</th>
</tr>
</thead>
69
<tbody>
<?php
$no=1;
$query = $db->query("SELECT * FROM
data_field ORDER BY dfieldId ASC");
if($query->rowCount() > 0){
while($data = $query-
>fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
?>
<tr>
<td class="text-center"><?php print
$no; ?></td>
<td class="text-center"><?php print
$data['dfieldName']; ?></td>
<td class="text-center">
<a href="data_field.php?
action=edit&id=<?php print $data['dfieldId']; ?>"><i class="fas fa-pencil-
alt"></i></a>
|
<a href="data_field.php?
form=submit&action=delete&id=<?php print $data['dfieldId']; ?>"
onclick="return confirm('Apakah anda yakin?')"><i class="fas
fa-trash"></i></a>
</td>
</tr>
<?php $no++;
}
}
?>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
.
.
.
Pada potongan code diatas menjelaskan bagaimana menampilkan,
menambahkan, mengubah serta menghapus data field dari database.
if(!$error){
$nextno = maxdata("dvalueNo", "data_value")+1;
unset($_SESSION['transform']);
foreach($dvalue as $kyy => $vl){
$vl = strtoupper($vl);
$query = $db->query("INSERT INTO data_value (dfieldId,
dvalueNo, dvalueValue) VALUES ('$kyy', '$nextno', '$vl')");
}elseif($action == "delete"){
$query = $db->query("DELETE FROM data_value WHERE dvalueNo =
'$id'");
header("location: data_value.php");
exit;
}elseif($action == "edit"){
$errortrue = "n";
foreach($dvalue as $vl){
if(empty($vl)){
$errortrue = "y";
}
}
if($errortrue == "y"){
$error = "Anda harus mengisi semua kolom yang di perlukan!";
}
if(!$error){
$clear = $db->query("DELETE FROM data_value WHERE dvalueNo
= '$id'");
unset($_SESSION['transform']);
foreach($dvalue as $kyy => $vl){
$vl = strtoupper($vl);
$query = $db->query("INSERT INTO data_value (dfieldId,
dvalueNo, dvalueValue) VALUES ('$kyy', '$id', '$vl')");
## Regenrate Tranform Source
$trf = transformdata($kyy);
}
}
}elseif($action == "import"){
$query = $db->query("TRUNCATE TABLE data_value");
## Proses Upload
$destination_path = getcwd().DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
$namafile = "temp-data.xlsx";
if(is_file($destination_path.'/temp/'.$namafile)){
@unlink($destination_path.'/temp/'.$namafile);
}
$filetype = $_FILES['excelfile']['type'];
$filetmp = $_FILES['excelfile']['tmp_name'];
if($filetype == "application/vnd.openxmlformats-
officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"){
require_once 'main/PHPExcel/PHPExcel.php';
@move_uploaded_file($filetmp, $destination_path.'/temp/'.
$namafile);
.
.
.
}elseif($action == "import"){
?>
<div class="card-body">
<form method="post" action="data_value.php?
form=submit&action=import">
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="excelfile" class="col-sm-3 col-
form-label">File Excel <span class="text-danger">*</span></label>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<input type="file" name="excelfile"
id="dexcelfile" class="form-control">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<div class="col-sm-3"></div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-
success btn-sm"><i class="fas fa-plus"></i> Tambah</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
73
<?php
}
.
.
.
Potongan code diatas menjelaskan bagaimana menampikan,
menambah data secara manual atau otomatis menggunakan excel, mengubah
serta menghapus data value.
</div>
</div>
.
.
.
type:'GET',
url:'result.php?form=submit&action=getdata',
success: function(responseres){
$('#progress-bar').css("width","15%");
$('#progressdesc').html("Tranform data..");
$('#res').append(responseres);
// Request Transform
$.ajax({
type:'GET',
url:'result.php?form=submit&action=transform',
success: function(responseres){
$('#progress-bar').css("width","30%");
$('#progressdesc').html("Normalisasi data..");
$('#res').append(responseres);
// Request Normalize
75
$.ajax({
type:'GET',
url:'result.php?
form=submit&action=normalize',
success: function(responseres){
$('#progress-bar').css("width","40%");
$('#progressdesc').html("Proses Iterasi
data..");
$('#res').append(responseres);
.
.
.
Potongan code diatas menjelaskan menampilkan tampilan perhitungan
awal saat K Uji diinputkan serta memulai proses transformasi dan normalisasi
data uji.
.
.
.
if(empty($kuji)){
$error = "Anda harus mengisi semua kolom yang diberikan!";
}
## Normalize Data
$mins = $_SESSION['min'];
$maxs = $_SESSION['max'];
foreach($_SESSION['data']['transform'] as $ky => $vl){
foreach($vl as $nomor => $nilai){
$keynorma = $nomor+1;
if($nomor == 0){
$_SESSION['data']['normalize'][$ky][] = $nilai;
}else{
$_SESSION['data']['normalize'][$ky][] = (float) (($nilai-
$mins[$keynorma])/($maxs[$keynorma]-$mins[$keynorma]));
}
}
}
$jumlahiterasi = 1;
$jumlahiterasiakhir = 2;
## Prepare for iterasi
$exc = array();
$kedekatansebelum=0;
$kedekatansekarang=0;
while($jumlahiterasi <= $jumlahiterasiakhir){
$obj = getMedoids($k, $totaldata, $exc);
foreach($obj as $ky => $excv){
$_SESSION['perhitungan'][$uji][$jumlahiterasi]['medoids']
[$ky] = $_SESSION['data']['normalize'][$excv];
array_push($exc, $excv);
77
## Perhitugan
## Ambil Nilai Medoids
foreach($obj as $kobj => $vobj){
$dataobj[$kobj] = $_SESSION['data']['normalize'][$vobj];
}
$arryjarak = array();
foreach($dataobj as $key => $vl){
$perhitunganarr[$no]['jarak'.$key] = hitungJarak($record,
$vl);
$_SESSION['perhitungan'][$uji][$jumlahiterasi]['data']
[$no]['Jarak '.$key] = hitungJarak($record,$vl);
$arryjarak[$key] = hitungJarak($record,$vl);
}
$_SESSION['perhitungan'][$uji][$jumlahiterasi]['data'][$no]
['kedekatan'] = cariKedekatan($arryjarak);
$_SESSION['perhitungan'][$uji][$jumlahiterasi]['data'][$no]
['cluster'] = cariCluster($arryjarak);
$_SESSION['perhitungan'][$uji][$jumlahiterasi]['data'][$no]
['index'] = $no;
$kedekatan[] = $_SESSION['perhitungan'][$uji]
[$jumlahiterasi]['data'][$no]['cluster'];
$no++;
}
## Hitung Kedekatan
$kedekatansebelum = $kedekatansekarang;
$kedekatansekarang = array_sum($kedekatan);
## Hitung SSW
foreach($perhitungan as $kuji => $datacluster){
foreach($datacluster as $cluster => $record){
$ssw[$kuji][$cluster] =
$totaljarak[$kuji][$cluster]/count($record);
}
}
## Hitung SSB
foreach($perhitungan as $kuji => $datacluster){
$jumlahcluster = count($datacluster);
for($i=1; $i<=$jumlahcluster; $i++){
for($x=1; $x<=$jumlahcluster; $x++){
$ssb[$kuji][$i][$x] = hitungJarak($arraytitikpusat[$kuji][$i],
$arraytitikpusat[$kuji][$x]);
}
}
79
} ## Hitung Rasio
foreach($perhitungan as $kuji => $datacluster){
$jumlahcluster = count($datacluster);
for($i=1; $i<=$jumlahcluster; $i++){
for($x=1; $x<=$jumlahcluster; $x++){
if($x!=$i){
$hitung = ($ssw[$kuji][$i]+$ssw[$kuji][$x])/$ssb[$kuji]
[$i][$x];
if(is_numeric($hitung) AND !is_nan($hitung) AND
$hitung != INF){
$rasio[$kuji][] = $hitung;
}
}
}
}
}
## Hitung DBI
foreach($rasio as $kuji => $nilai){
$rasiomax = max($nilai);
$_SESSION['DBI'][$kuji] = (1/($kuji+1))*$rasiomax;
}
<div class="col-sm-12">
<div class="card shadow mb-4">
<div class="card-header py-3">
<span><strong>Grafik DBI tiap K Uji</strong></span>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<div id="chart-dbi"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/highcharts.js"></script>
<script>
Highcharts.chart('chart-dbi', {
title: {
text: 'Nilai Index K Uji'
},
yAxis: {
title: {
text: 'Nilai Index'
}
},
xAxis: {
categories: [
<?php
foreach($_SESSION['DBI'] as $kuji => $value){
$nilai = $kuji+1;
$cate[] = "'K = ".$nilai."'";
}
print implode(",",$cate)
?>
],
crosshair: true
},
legend: {
layout: 'vertical',
align: 'right',
verticalAlign: 'middle'
},
plotOptions: {
series: {
label: {
connectorAllowed: false
}
}
},
series: [{
name: 'Nilai DBI',
data: [
<?php
81
responsive: {
rules: [{
condition: {
maxWidth: 500
},
chartOptions: {
legend: {
layout: 'horizontal',
align: 'center',
verticalAlign: 'bottom'
}
}
}]
}
});
</script>
V.1 Kesimpulan
Berdasarkan penelitian dan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan
sebelumnya, maka diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut:
1. Data pengguna narkoba dikelompokkan dalam beberapa cluster data
menggunakan K Medoids dan perhitugan jarak Manhattan
2. Data pengguna narkoba yang sudah dikelompokkan, dihitung nilai
index nya dengan Davies Bouldin Index
3. Cluster optimal merupakan cluster yang memiliki nilai DBI terendah,
pada penelitian ini yaitu berada pada K=9
V.2 Saran
Modul perhitungan program yang dirancang memiliki kemampuan
perhitungan dengan jumlah data yang terbatas sehingga memerlukan waktu
yang sangat lama untuk melakukan perhitungan dengan data dan K Uji yang
besar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian serta dengan adanya keterbatasan
program yang telah diuraikan, penelitian masih dapat dikembangkan untuk
mengatasi waktu perhitungan yang lama dengan menggunakan data dan K
Uji yang besar.
82
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Fitzgerald, J., Oda, T., & Macedo, H. D. (2021). Proceedings of the 18th
International Overture Workshop. http://arxiv.org/abs/2101.07261
Herlinda, V., Darwis, D., & Dartono, D. (2021). Analisis Clustering Untuk
Recredesialing Fasilitas Kesehatan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy C-Means.
Jurnal Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi, 2(2), 94–99.
Hikmah, N., Ariyanti, D., & Sugesti, M. (2019). Penerapan Teknik Data Mining
untuk Clustering Armada pada PT. Siaga Transport Indonesia
Menggunakan Metode k-Means. Explore, 9(1), 8.
https://doi.org/10.35200/explore.v9i1.116
83
84
Iswavigra, D. U., Defit, S., & Nurcahyo, G. W. (2021). Data Mining dalam
Pengelompokan Penyakit Pasien dengan Metode K-Medoids. Jurnal
Informasi Dan Teknologi, 3, 181–189.
https://doi.org/10.37034/jidt.v3i4.150
Nabila, Z., Rahman Isnain, A., & Abidin, Z. (2021). Analisis Data Mining Untuk
Clustering Kasus Covid-19 Di Provinsi Lampung Dengan Algoritma K-
Means. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi (JTSI), 2(2), 100.
http://jim.teknokrat.ac.id/index.php/JTSI
Patil, A., Mangalekar, R., Kupawdekar, N., Chavan, V., Patil, S., & Yadav, A.
(2020). Stress Detection in IT Professionals by Image Processing and
Machine Learning. International Journal of Research in Engineering,
Science and Management, 3(1), 121–123.
https://www.kaggle.com/qiriro/stress
Rofiqo, N., Windarto, A. P., & Hartama, D. (2018). Penerapan Clustering Pada
Penduduk Yang Mempunyai Keluhan Kesehatan Dengan Datamining K-
Means. KOMIK (Konferensi Nasional Teknologi Informasi Dan Komputer),
2(1), 216–223. https://doi.org/10.30865/komik.v2i1.929
Sahambangung, J. R., Munir, R., Sanger, J. B., Katolik, U., & Salle, D. La.
(2018). Menggunakan Metode K-Nearest Neighbor. Jurnal REALTECH,
14(2), 169–179.
86
87
Effective
52 propecia 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 3
53 metrogel 1 Ineffective Moderate Side Effects 1
Extremely Severe Side
1
54 tramadol 1 Ineffective Effects
55 augmentin 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 3
56 paxil 4 Marginally Effective Moderate Side Effects 2
57 elidel 1 Ineffective Severe Side Effects 1
58 adderall 8 Highly Effective Moderate Side Effects 3
59 meridia 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 3
60 norvasc 5 Marginally Effective No Side Effects 2
61 imitrex 7 Moderately Effective Moderate Side Effects 1
62 wellbutrin-xl 10 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 5
63 lamisil 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 3
64 retin-a 5 Moderately Effective No Side Effects 1
65 axert 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 3
Considerably
1
66 prozac 8 Effective Moderate Side Effects
Considerably
3
67 ambien-cr 9 Effective No Side Effects
68 vicodin 3 Highly Effective Severe Side Effects 1
69 celebrex 9 Highly Effective No Side Effects 3
Extremely Severe Side
3
70 permapen 10 Highly Effective Effects
Considerably
4
71 effexor 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
72 seroquel 8 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 4
73 prinivil 5 Moderately Effective Mild Side Effects 1
Considerably
4
74 differin 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
Considerably
4
75 imitrex 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
Extremely Severe Side
1
76 fosamax 1 Ineffective Effects
77 cialis 10 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 5
78 mirtazapine 2 Ineffective Mild Side Effects 2
79 avage 5 Marginally Effective Moderate Side Effects 2
80 betamethasone 2 Ineffective Severe Side Effects 1
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . .
82 renova 10 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 5
Effective
13 requip 10 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 1
Considerably
3
14 wellbutrin 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
15 motrin 8 Moderately Effective No Side Effects 2
Considerably
2
16 accupril 9 Effective No Side Effects
17 naproxen 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
18 propecia 9 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
19 prozac 9 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 3
Considerably
2
20 remicade 9 Effective No Side Effects
Considerably
3
21 plavix 7 Effective Mild Side Effects
22 paxil 4 Highly Effective Severe Side Effects 5
23 galzin 7 Moderately Effective No Side Effects 2
24 tylenol 9 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 3
25 seroquel 9 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 3
Considerably
2
26 ritalin 8 Effective No Side Effects
27 lexapro 6 Moderately Effective Mild Side Effects 3
Considerably
3
28 ultram 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
29 oracea 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
30 lexapro 6 Marginally Effective No Side Effects 6
31 retin-a 9 Highly Effective Moderate Side Effects 2
32 celebrex 3 Ineffective Mild Side Effects 6
33 minocycline 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
34 lunesta 3 Marginally Effective Moderate Side Effects 6
35 soma 1 Marginally Effective Severe Side Effects 4
Considerably
3
36 effexor 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
Considerably
3
37 lithium-carbonate 8 Effective Mild Side Effects
38 metoclopramide 1 Ineffective Severe Side Effects 4
39 fosamax 2 Marginally Effective No Side Effects 6
40 spironolactone 10 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 1
41 wellbutrin-xl 6 Moderately Effective Mild Side Effects 3
Considerably
3
42 lexapro 9 Effective Mild Side Effects
Considerably
2
43 enbrel 8 Effective No Side Effects
44 avapro 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
45 tirosint 4 Marginally Effective Moderate Side Effects 6
46 metformin 9 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 3
47 differin 5 Marginally Effective Mild Side Effects 3
48 synthroid 7 Moderately Effective No Side Effects 2
49 hyzaar 10 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 1
50 lexapro 8 Highly Effective Mild Side Effects 3
Considerably
2
51 ketorolac 7 Effective No Side Effects
52 propecia 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
53 metrogel 1 Ineffective Moderate Side Effects 6
Extremely Severe Side
4
54 tramadol 1 Ineffective Effects
55 augmentin 10 Highly Effective No Side Effects 1
92
102
DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP
1. Peneliti
a. Nama Lengkap : RYAN CHRISTIAN
b. Tempat / Tanggal Lahir : Pekanbaru, 15 Desember 1999
c. Jenis Kelamin : Laki-laki
d. Institusi : Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita
Indonesia
e. Bidang Ilmu : Ilmu Komputer
f. Program Studi : Teknik Informatika
2. Alamat Peneliti
a. Alamat Rumah : Jl. Sialang Bungkuk Perumahan Puri
Harmoni block B-1
3. Riwayat Pendidikan :
No. Jenjang Nama Sekolah Lulus
Pendidikan Tahun
1. SMK SMK MULTI MEKANIK MASMUR 2017
PEKANBARU
2. SMP SMPN 5 PEKANBARU 2014
3. SD SDN 026 Tenayan Raya 2011
4. Lokasi Penelitian
a. Alamat : Jl. Jend. Ahmad Yani No. 78-88, Kota
Pekanbaru, Riau
5. Orang Tua
a. Laki-laki
Nama : Soenarjo
Pendidikan Terakhir : SMA
b. Alamat : Jl. Sialang Bungkuk Perumahan Puri
Harmoni block B-1
Pekerjaan : Wiraswasta
c. Perempuan
Nama : Asyuri
Pendidikan Terakhir : SD
d. Alamat : Jl. Sialang Bungkuk Perumahan Puri
Harmoni block B-1
e. Pekerjaan : Ibu Rumah Tangga
103
104