2
M.Tresnadi Hikmat
Pokok Bahasan sebelum UTS
1. Class
Management 3. Process
2. Desain of
Introduction , Strategy +
Productivity and Goods and
Machine
Operations Services
Selection
Strategy
4. Location 5.Layout+
6. Work
Strategy Material Measurement
Handling
Ujian Tengah
7. Quiz
Semester
Keputusan Produk penting :
Differentiation
(keperbedaan)
Starbucks
Low cost
DoubleSteak
Rapid response
Toyota
Product Life Cycles (PLC)
Definisi :
Siklus kehidupan produk mulai dari
diperkenalkan, berkembang dipasar, sampai
dengan tidak dikehendaki lagi oleh konsumen
Cash
flow
Negative
cash flow Loss
40%
30%
20%
10%
1. Memahami pelanggan
2. Perubahan ekonomi
3. Perubahan sosial dan demografi Brainstorming
4. Perubahan teknologi adalah tool yang
baik
5. Perubahan politik
6. Aturan Pemasaran, standar profesi,
pemasok dan distributor.
Product Development System
Ideas
Customer Requirements
Functional Specifications
Introduction
Evaluation
Design Process
• Desain yang baik berdampak memiliki
daya saing (competitive edge) karena :
Mencocokkan produk dan jasa sesuai
karakteristik dan persyaratan pelanggan
Memastikan persyaratan pelanggan dipenuhi
dengan cara mudah dan efisien
Mengurangi waktu untuk mendisain produk
ato jasa
Memimimasi revisi agar disain dapat
dikerjakan
Desain Produk
– Mendefinisikan tampilan produk
– Menetapkan standar kinerja
– Menspefikasi material apa yang digunakan
– Menetapkan dimensi dan toleransi
4-24
Idea Generation
• Peta Presepsi
– Komparasi visual dari presepsi
pelanggan
• Benchmarking
– Komparasi produk dengan pemimpin
pasar (best-in-class)
• Reverse engineering
– Membongkar produk pesaing untuk
melihat dan meningkatkan daya saing
produk sendiri.
Copyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 4-25
Peta presepsi sarapan Cereals
4-38
Simplifikasi Design
(a) Desain asli (b) Desain revisi (c) Desain final
4-40
Technology in Design
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
– Membantu proses : creation, modification, dan analysis of a
design
computer-aided engineering (CAE)
• Analisa perhitungan disain dengan komputer
computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)
• Menghubungkan design-to-manufacture
product life cycle management (PLM)
• Mengelola daur hidup produk
collaborative product design (CPD)
• Desain produk bersama-sama
4-46
Design for Environment and
Extended Producer Responsibility
• Desain untuk lingkungan
– Desain produk dari material yang bisa didaur ulang
– Desain dari material daur ulang
– Desain agar mudah diperbaiki (ease of repair)
– Minimalisasi packaging
– Minimalisasi bahan dan energi yang digunakan dalam pembuatan,
konsumsi dan saat dibuang
• Extended producer responsibility
– Perusahaan bertanggungjawab sampai dengan produk telah
digunakan dalam siklus hidupnya
4-48
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
• Translates voice of customer into technical design
requirements
• Displays requirements in matrix diagrams
– first matrix called “house of quality”
– series of connected houses
Importance
Trade-off matrix
3
Design
characteristics
1 4 2
6 Target values
Competitive Assessment
Customer Requirements 1 2 3 4 5
Presses quickly 9 B A X
Removes wrinkles 8 AB X
Doesn’t stick to fabric 6 X BA
Irons
well
Quick cool-down 3 X A B
Doesn’t break when dropped 5 AB X
Doesn’t burn when touched 5 AB X
Not too heavy 8 X A B
Thickness of soleplate
to Design
Automatic shutoff
Size of soleplate
Number of holes
Weight of iron
Size of holes
Characteristics
Customer Requirements
Presses quickly - - + + + -
Removes wrinkles + + + + +
Doesn’t stick to fabric - + + + +
Irons
well
Quick cool-down - - + +
Doesn’t break when dropped + + + +
Doesn’t burn when touched + + + +
Not too heavy + - - - + -
Copyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 4-53
Energy needed to press
Weight of iron
-
Size of soleplate
+
Thickness of soleplate
Material used in soleplate
Number of holes
+
+
Size of holes
Tradeoff Matrix
Thickness of soleplate
Automatic shutoff
Number of holes
Size of soleplate
Weight of iron
Size of holes
Units of measure ft-lb lb in. cm ty ea mm oz/s sec sec Y/N Y/N
measures
Iron A
Objective
SS = Silverstone
MG = Mirorrglide
T = Titanium
Product
characteristics
requirements
Part
Customer
A-1 characteristics
characteristics Process
House A-2 characteristics
Product
of
quality
characteristics
Parts A-3 Operations
deployment
Part
characteristics
Process A-4
Process
planning
Operating
requirements