PATIENT ASSESMENT :
menentukan pasien perlu OTC
atau tidak
CONSULTATION
Peranan Farmasis
Mengetahui/familiar dengan obat-obat bebas
& labelnya
Dapatkan informasi tambahan tentang OTC
Menangani pasien yang membutuhkan OTC
PERANAN FARMASIS
Menangani pasien
Dapatkan latar belakang : menilai dgn
wawancara & observasi gejala fisik & kondisi
pt
Identifikasi : bedakan kondisi : diobati
sendiri (farmakologi & non farmakologi) atau
harus dirujuk ke dokter
Pemilihan obat :
Informasi : menasehati & konseling
Follow up : evaluasi & monitoring
Dokumentasi
Fenomena Gunung Es
Konseling swa medikasi:
Seimbang antara
Open- and close-ended questions.
Close-ended questions are useful to
clarify information gathered through open-
ended questions.
QuEST
communication
American Pharmacists Association (APhA)
process
Untuk OTC
to help community pharmacists to counsel
patients about nonprescription medications is the
QuEST communication process. The QuEST
process helps the pharmacist to Quickly and
accurately assess the patient, Establish that the
patient is an appropriate self-care candidate,
Suggest appropriate selfcare strategies to the
patient, and Talk with the patient about those
strategies (Table 2)
Quickly accurate asses the patient
ask about current complaint (SCHOLAR)
ask about other medications/product
ask about coexisting condition and allergies
Establish that patient is an appropriate selfcare candidate
no severe symptoms,
no symptoms that persist or return repeatedly or
unidentified cause
no selftreating to avoid medical care
Suggest appropriate selfcare strategies
medications and general care measure
Talk with the patient
Talk to the patient
about medication action
about administration
about adverse effects and how to manage
them
what to expect from treatment
appropriate follow up
Symptoms : what are the main and
associated symptoms
Characteristics : what are the symptoms like
History : what has been done so far and has
this happened in the past
Onset : when did it start
Location : where is the problem
Aggravation factors : what makes it worse
Remitting factors : what makes it better
Pasien dirujuk ke dokter
Gejala yang parah
Gejala minor tapi persisten & penyebabnya
tidak mudah diidentifikasi
Gejala hilang timbul
Farmasis tidak yakin dgn kondisi pasien
Bila obat tanpa resep dipilih
Seleksi produk
Menilai faktor resiko pasien (Kontra Indikasi,
usia, Special Precautions,special groups)
Informasi cara penggunaan yg benar (dosis,
cara pakai, lama terapi)
Informasi lain : interaksi, efek samping
SELEKSI OBAT
Yang harus diperhatikan :
OTC utk pengobatan jangka pendek
OTC utk penyakit tdk kompleks
OTC tdk boleh digunakan utk menutupi gejala
dari penyakit serius
Keluhan gatal
(ES obat lain, stevens-johnson reaction)
perlu OTC ?
Jika pasien meminta OTC
tertentu ?
Latar belakang
Identifikasi
Pemilihan obat : apakah pilihan pasien
sudah tepat
cek pengetahuan pasien
pemilihan yg lebih tepat
Informasi
Follow up
Dokumentasi
CONTOH INTERAKSI DGN
OTC
OTC INTERAKSI
Antasida mgd Al Asam askorbat absorpsi Al
VERIFIKASI AKHIR
referral
Collection of
more info
Treatment selection
(drug & non drug)