1.a. Pos Internasional - UPU
1.a. Pos Internasional - UPU
Member
Country
Definition
Single postal territory (wilayah pos yang
satu dan sama):
Merupakan kewajiban bagi pihak yang menandatangani Akta UPU
untuk menyediakan wilayahnya bagi pertukaran suratpos, termasuk
kebebasan transit, dan memberikan perlakuan yang sama seperti
kiriman domestik bagi kiriman pos transit dari negara lain, tanpa
diskriminasi.
Freedom of transit:
Merupakan kewajiban bagi negara anggota perantara untuk
menjamin angkutan bagi kiriman pos yang ditransitkan ke
negaranya untuk diteruskan ke negara lain, seperti perlakuan yang
diberikan kepada kiriman domestiknya.
Obligation of Member Country
In order to support the concept of the single postal territory of the Union
Consultative
Committees
12 anggota
ORGANISASI • FUNGSI
• Chairmanship dipilih Memberikan masukan
oleh anggota dari terhadap kegiatan CA
negara anggota atau dan POC, serta
menyusun laporan dan
stakeholder eksternal
rekomendasi jika diminta
pada Sidang pertama oleh CA atau POC
setelah Kongres
• Bersidang prinsip
setiap tahun di Kantor
Pusat UPU bersamaan
dengan Sidang POC
Members of
Consultative Committee
International Organizations: 8 Member Countries named
1. Digital Europe
2. Federation of European Direct & Interactive by the CA and the POC:
Marketing (FEDMA)
3. Global Envelope Alliance (GEnA)
1. Argentina
4. Global Express Association (GEA) 2. Benin
5. Interactive media in Retail Group (IMRG)
6. International mailer’s Advisory Group (IMAG) 3. Greece
7. International post Corporation (IPC)
8. International Publishers & Postal Association
4. Italy
(IPPA)
9. Latin American Association of Private Posts &
5. Japan
Postal Operators (ALACOPP) 6. Morocco
10.Uni Global Union
11.World Bind Union (WBU) 7. Russian Federation
12.Xplor International
8. Spain
User-Funded Subsidiary Bodies
Direct reporting bodies
POC dapat membentuk sejumlah user-
Atas
funded subsidiary bodies untuk mengelola
persetujuan
kegiatan operasional, komersial, teknis
CA
dan ekonomi
Pendanaan sukarela oleh negara anggota
Tidak boleh menggunakan anggaran reguler UPU
Setiap user-funded subsidiary body memiliki otonomi untuk
mengelola aktifitasnya sendiri sesuai kerangka kerja yang
dibuat oleh POC
Informasi pembentukan user-funded subsidiary body harus
dilaporkan kepada Congress segera setelah pembentukannya
EMS Cooperative
• Dibentuk oleh POC untuk mengembangkan layanan Express Mail Service
(EMS).
• Tujuannya mendorong kerjasama antara operator pos untuk menyediakan
layanan kiriman ekspres global berkualitas tinggi bagi pengguna jasa.
• Sifat keanggotaan sukarela. Hingga kini jumlah anggota tercatat lebih dari 170
operator.
• Sejumlah inisiatif yang telah dibuat untuk memperkuat produk dan
membantu anggota meningkatkan layanan EMS, antara lain:
– EMS Operational Guide and online database
– Audit and Measurement Programme
– EMS Standard Agreement and Procedures
– EMS Standards for performance
– EMS Training
– Rugby System for international EMS inquiries
Telematic Cooperative
Postal Technology Centre (PTC) merupakan unit operasi Telematics Cooperative
yang bertugas mengembangkan serangkaian aplikasi teknologi dan software bagi
negara anggota, guna menjamin efisiensi ditengah kondisi pasar yang semakin
kompetitif.
Class
units
Contribution Class
UNIT SANGSI
• Pilihan kelas kontribusi : 1, 3, 5, 10 • Kontribusi dibayar selambat nya 1 Januari tahun
anggaran yang bertalian
– 50 unit. 0,5 khusus untuk LDC
• Jika melewati tanggal 1, UPU memungut denda
• Penambahan unit, minimal untuk 6% per tahun sejak bulan ke empat
masa 4 tahun, diumumkan di • Jika tunggakan sama atau melebihi jumlah
Kongres kontribusi dua tahun sebelumnya, negara tersebut
dapat memberikan piutangnya kepada UPU yang
• Permohonan penurunan kontribusi dibayarkan oleh negara lain
maksimum 1 kelas, dikirim ke IB • Negara anggota yang karena alasan hukum tidak
dua bulan sebelum Kongres. Opini dapat melakukan pengalihan piutang, harus
meminta jadwal amortisasi atas tunggakannya.
Kongres bersifat non-binding.
• Jika negara tersebut tidak dapat mengalihkan
• Pada akhir Kongres UPU ke 25, piutang dan tidak setuju meminta jadwal
terdapat 192 negara anggota amortisasi yang diusulkan IB atau tidak sepakat
dengan total : 847.5 units (di awal dengan jadwal secara otomatis kehilangan hak
suara di Kongres dan sidang CA ataupun POC dan
Kongres 865.5) tidak lagi memiliki hak untuk menjadi anggota
kedua badan UPU dimaksud
Some Contribution Class Units
Country Class Unit Country Class Unit
Japan 50 New Zealand 5
Belgium 10 Portugal 3
Germany 45 Malaysia 3
USA 50 Thailand 3
China Luxembourg 1
-Hong Kong (1 unit)
- Macao (0.5 unit) 26.5 Peru 1
Cote d’Ivoire 1
Australia 20 Philippines 1
India 20 Singapore 1
Korea (Rep.) 15 Myanmar 1
Netherlands 15 Viet Nam 1
Indonesia 10 Laos 0.5
Pakistan 10 Timor-Leste (Dem. Rep) 0.5
Iran (Islamic Rep.) 5 Solomon Islands 0.5
AKTA-AKTA
What is the UPU Acts?
1. Constitution : Akta dasar UPU yang berisi ketentuan organik
Perhimpunan, Akta diplomatik yang diratifikasi oleh setiap
negara anggota dan tidak dapat dilakukan reservasi.
Amandemen hanya dapat dilakukan di Kongres, dicatat dalam
Additional Protocol yang juga harus diratifikasi oleh negara
anggota (sejak Kongres Vienna 1964 sudah ada 7 Additional
Protocol).
2. General Regulations : memuat ketentuan aplikasi Constitution
dan tata kerja Perhimpunan. Bersifat mengikat negara
anggota dan tidak dapat dilakukan reservasi
3. Universal Postal Convention, Letter Post Regulations dan
Parcel Post Regulations : memuat ketentuan tentang layanan
pos internasional dan ketentuan tentang layanan suratpos dan
paketpos. Akta-akta ini bersifat mengikat seluruh negara
anggota.
What is the UPU Acts?
Chapter I Chapter I
General General
• 1 Scope and objectives of the Union 22 Acts of the Union
• 1bis Definitions 23 Application of the Acts of the Union to territories for whose international
• 2 Members of the Union relations a member country
• 3 Jurisdiction of the Union is responsible
• 4 Exceptional relations 24 National legislation
• 5 Seat of the Union
Chapter II
• 6 Official language of the Union
Acceptance and denunciation of the Acts of the Union
• 7 Monetary unit
25 Signature, authentication, ratification and other forms of approval of the
• 8 Restricted Unions. Special Agreements
Acts of the Union
• 9 Relations with the United Nations
26 Notification of ratifications and other forms of approval of the Acts of the
• 10 Relations with international organizations
Union
Chapter II
27 Accession to the Agreements
Accession or admission to the Union. Withdrawal from the Union
28 Denunciation of an Agreement
• 11 Accession or admission to the Union. Procedure
•
Chapter III
12 Withdrawal from the Union. Procedure
Chapter III Amendment of the Acts of the Union
Organization of the Union 29 Presentation of proposals
• 13 Bodies of the Union 30 Amendment of the Constitution
• 14 Congress 31 Amendment of the General Regulations, the Convention and the
• 15 Extraordinary Congresses Agreements
• 16 Administrative Conferences (deleted) Chapter IV
• 17 Council of Administration Settlement of disputes
• 18 Postal Operations Council 32 Arbitration
• 19 Special Committees (deleted)
• 20 International Bureau Section III
Chapter IV Final provisions
Finances of the Union 33 Coming into operation and duration of the Constitution
• 21 Expenditure of the Union. Contributions of member countries
GENERAL REGULATIONS
Chapter I Chapter III
Organization, functions and operation of Congresses, the Council of Submission, consideration of proposals, notification of decisions adopted
Administration, the Postal Operations Council and the Consultative and entry into force of the Regulations and other decisions adopted
Committee Article 138 – 144
• Section 1
• Congress Chapter IV
• Article 101 - 105
• Section 2
Finance
• Council of Administration (CA) Article 145 – 151
• Article 106 – 111 152 Organization of user-funded subsidiary bodies
• Section 3
• Postal Operations Council (POC)
• Article 112 – 117 Chapter V
• Section 4 Arbitration
• Consultative Committee (CC)
Article 153
• Article 118 – 125
Chapter II Chapter VI
International Bureau Use of languages within the Union
• Section 1
•
Article 154 - 155
Election and duties of the Director General and Deputy Director
General
• Article 126 - 128 Chapter VII
• Section 2
• Secretariat of the Union bodies and the Consultative Committee
Final provisions
• Article 129 – 137 Article 156 - 158
CONVENTION
• Part I Rules applicable in common throughout
the international postal service
• Art.
• I Ownership of postal items. Withdrawal from the post. Alteration or correction of address
• II Charges
• III Exception to the exemption of items for the blind from postal charges
• IV Postage stamps
• V Basic services
• VI Advice of delivery
• VII Prohibitions (letter post)
• VIII Prohibitions (postal parcels)
• IX Articles subject to customs duty
• X Inquiries
• XI Presentation-to-Customs charge
• XII Posting abroad of letter-post items
• XIII Basic rates and provisions concerning air conveyance dues
• XIV Exceptional inward land rates
• XV Special tariffs
• XVI Authority of the Postal Operations Council to fix charges and rates
CONTOH
Final Protocol to the Universal Postal Convention
Article V
Basic services
1 Notwithstanding the provisions of article 13, Australia does not
agree to the extension of basic services to include postal parcels.
Article VII
Prohibitions (letter post)
.....
13 Indonesia does not accept registered or insured items containing
coins, bank notes, cheques, postage stamps, foreign currency, or any
kind of securities payable to bearer for delivery in Indonesia, and shall
accept no liability in cases of loss of or damage to such items.
Letter Post Regulations
Chapter 1
General provisions
Chapter 9
• RL 101 Application de la liberté de transit
Procedures concerning the transmission, routeing and receipt of mails/items
• RL 102 Failure to give freedom of transit
RL 171 - RL 204
• RL 103 Monetary unit
Chapter 10
• RL 104 Postal security Quality of service
Chapter 2 RL 205 Quality of service target
Charges, air surcharges and exemption from charges Chapter 11
• RL 105 - RL 112 Transit charges and terminal dues
Chapter 3 RL 206 - RL 243
Timbres-poste. Modes d’affranchissement Chapter 12
• RL 113 - RL 119 Air conveyance dues
Chapter 4 RL 244 - RL 252
Categories of items and conditions of admission Chapter 13
• RL 120 - RL 136 Settlements of accounts. Payment
RL 253 - RL 257
Chapter 5
Chapter 14
Supplementary services
EMS
• RL 137 - RL 147
RL 258 - RL 259
Chapter 6
Chapter 15
Dangerous goods prohibited from insertion in letter-post items. Items wrongly Electronic mail. Telematic links
admitted. Redirection. Return to origin. Withdrawal from the post of items.
RL 260 - RL 268
Inquiries
Chapter 16
• RL 148 - RL 155
Integrated logistics service
Chapter 7 RL 269
Customs matters Chapter 17
• RL 156 - RL 158 C Miscellaneous provisions
Chapter 8 RL 270 - RL 276
Liability of designated operators Chapter 18
• RL 159 - RL 170 Transitional and final provisions
RL 277 Entry into force and duration of the Letter Post Regulations
Final Protocol to
the Letter Post Regulations
• RL I Special charges
• RL II Printed papers. Maximum weight
• RL III Special provisions applicable to each category of items
• RL IV Standardized items
• RL V Dangerous goods admitted exceptionally
• RL VI Admissible radioactive materials, infectious substances, and lithium cells and lithium batteries
• RL VII Conditions of application of postage charges
• RL VIII Marking of items sent free of postal charges
• RL IX Registered M bags
• RL X Maximum limits for insured items
• RL XI Insured items
• RL XII IBRS accounting charges
• RL XIII Treatment of items wrongly admitted
• RL XIV Redirection
• RL XV Treatment of inquiries
• RL XVI Items subject to customs control
• RL XVII Delivery of a rifled or damaged registered or insured item
• RL XVIII Procedures for determining the liability of designated operators
• RL XIX Bags
• RL XX Labelling of mails
• RL XXI Routeing of mails
• RL XXII Special transit charges
• RL XXIII Accounting for bulk mail
• RL XXIV Submission and acceptance of CN 55, CN 66 and CN 67 statements, CN 51 detailed accounts and CN 52 general accounts
• RL XXV International reply coupons issued before 1 January 2002
• RL XXVI Adjustment of debts arising from the settlement of accounts through the final liquidation account for international reply coupons distributed
before 1 January 2002
• RL XXVII Adjustment of debts arising from the settlement of accounts through the International Bureau clearing system in effect before 1 January
2001
• RL XXVIII Forms
Postal Parcel Regulations
Chapter 1
Chapter 7
General provisions
• RC 101 Use of the term "parcels" Procedures concerning the transmission, routeing
• RC 102 Application of freedom of transit and receipt of parcels
• RC 103 Failure to give freedom of transit
• RC 104 Monetary unit RC 166 - RC 193
• RC 105 Postal security Chapter 8
• RC 106 Operation of the service by transport companies
Chapter 2 Quality of service targets
Conditions of admission and posting. Charges. Exemption from charges. RC 194
Delivery procedure
• RC 107 - RC 128 Chapter 9
Chapter 3
Rates and air conveyance dues
Special services
• RC 129 - RC 137 RC - RC 210
Chapter 4
Chapter 10
Dangerous substances prohibited from insertion in postal parcels.
Exception to prohibitions. Parcels wrongly admitted. Redirection. Return to Preparation and settlement of accounts
sender. Withdrawal from post. Inquiries
• RC 138 - RC 150
RC 211 - RC 216
Chapter 5 Chapter 11
Customs matters
• RC 151 - RC 153
Miscellaneous provisions
Chapter 6 RC 217 - RC 221
Liability of member countries or designated operators
• RC 154 - RC 165
Chapter 12
Miscellaneous provisions
RC 222
Final Protocol to
the Postal Parcel Regulations
• RC I Provision of the postal parcels service
• RC II Special conditions relating to limits of weights for parcels
• RC III Delivery procedure
• RC IV Dangerous goods admitted exceptionally
• RC V Admissible radioactive materials, infectious substances, and lithium cells and lithium
• batteries
• RC VI Formalities to be complied with for the merchandise return service
• RC VII Maximum limits for insured items
• RC VIII Merchandise return service for the original seller
• RC IX Treatment of parcels wrongly accepted
• RC X Parcels automatically retained
• RC XI Treatment of inquiries
• RC XII Application of the liability of member countries or designated operators
• RC XIII Delivery of a rifled or damaged parcel
• RC XIV Transmission in closed mails
• RC XV Routeing of mails
• RC XVI Discrepancies of weight or size of parcels
• RC XVII Determination of average rates
• RC XVIII Exceptional transit land rates
• RC XIX Sea rates
• RC XX Supplementary rates
• RC XXI Calculation of air conveyance dues for the merchandise return service
• RC XXII Preparation of accounts
• RC XXIII Adjustment of debts arising from the settlement of accounts through the International Bureau
• clearing system in effect before 1 January 2001
• RC XXIV Forms
POSTAL PAYMENT SERVICE AGREEMENTS
• Part I Common principles applying to the postal payment Services
– Chapter I General provisions
– Chapter II General principles and quality of service
– Chapter III Principles for electronic data interchange
• Art
• RP I Instalment (existing reservation)
• RP II Sending of postal payment orders (existing reservation)
Amendment of the UPU Acts
• Pengajuan Proposal
– Negara anggota berhak mengajukan proposal perubahan Akta UPU baik kepada Congress
ataupun antara dua Congress, sepanjang dia menjadi peserta Akta tersebut
– Proposal perubahan Constitution dan General Regulations hanya boleh diajukan kepada
Congress.
– Proposal perubahan Regulation diajukan langsung kepada POC, setelah terlebih dahulu
disampaikan kepada negara anggota lain dan operator posnya oleh Biro Internasional
• Perubahan Constitution
– Untuk dapat diadopsi, harus mendapat persetujuan dua per tiga negara anggota yang
memiliki hak suara
– Perubahan yang diadopsi selanjutnya disebut Additional Protocol dan mulai berlaku
bersamaan dengan Akta yang diperbaharui pada Congress yang sama, kecuali Congress
memutuskan berbeda. Additional Protocol juga harus diratifikasi segera oleh negara
anggota.
Procedure for Submitting Proposals
Pengajuan Proposal
Kepada Congress Antar Congress
• diterima IB selambatnya 6 bulan Proposal tentang Convention atau Agreements:
sebelum tanggal pelaksanaan Congress • Pengiriman: harus didukung sedikitnya 2
negara
• Melalui Program dan Budget tentang rencana kerja yang berisi kegiatan
spesifik, disertai tujuan yang jelas dan sumber daya yang diperlukan
untuk mencapainya
• Tujuannya untuk memastikan bahwa masyarakat dunia memiliki akses
terhadap layanan pos yang memenuhi kebutuhan mereka akan
keandalan, keamanan, kualitas, pilihan dan keterjangkauan
• Ada keselarasan antara World Postal Strategy dengan struktur CA dan
POCyang akan mengimplementasikan strategi tersebut, dan proyek-
proyek yang akan dilaksanakan oleh masing-masing grup yang dibentuk
dibawah struktur kedua badan tetap UPU ini
• Setiap proyek Program dan Budget dan setiap grup yang dibentuk di
bawah CA dan POCberkontribusi terhadap realisasi tujuan strategis UPU
• UPU juga menyelenggarakan Strategy Conference antara dua Congres
untuk memantau progres pencapaian strategi dimaksud
INTERNATIONAL MAIL EXCHANGES
Quality
measurement
Inquiry Operation
handling cost
Office of Transit
Convention – Part I
Sole chapter
General provisions
Art.
1 Definitions
2 Designation of the entity or entities responsible for fulfilling the obligations
arising from adherence to the Convention
3 Universal postal service
4 Freedom of transit
5 Ownership of postal items. Withdrawal from the post. Alteration or correction
of address. Redirection. Return to sender of undeliverable items
6 Charges
7 Exemption from postal charges
8 Postage stamps
9 Postal security
10 Sustainable development
11 Violations
12 Processing of personal data
Rules applicable to letter post and postal parcels
Convention – Part II
Chapter I Chapter 2
Provision of service Liability
23 Liability of designated operators. Indemnities
• 13 Basic services 24 Non-liability of member countries and designated
operators
• 14 Classification of letter-post items based on
25 Sender's liability
their formats
26 Payment of indemnity
• 15 Supplementary services
27 Possible recovery of the indemnity from the
• 16 EMS and integrated logistics sender or the addressee
• 17 Electronic postal services
• 18 Items not admitted. Prohibitions
• 19 Inquiries
• 20 Customs control. Customs duty and other
fees Chapter 3
• 21 Exchange of closed mails with military units Provisions specific to letter post
• 22 Quality of service standards and targets 28 Posting abroad of letter-post
• Chapter
items
Remuneration
Convention – Part III
Chapter 2
Chapter I Other provisions
Provisions specific to letter post • 34 Basic rates and provisions
• 29 Terminal dues. General provisions concerning air conveyance dues
• 30 Terminal dues. Provisions • 35 Parcel post land and sea rates
applicable to mail flows between
designated operators of countries in • 36 Authority of the Postal
• the target system Operations Council to fix charges
• 31 Terminal dues. Provisions and rates
applicable to flows to, from and • 37 Provisions specific to the
between designated operators of settlement of accounts and
• countries in the transitional system payments for international
• 32 Quality of Service Fund postal
• 33 Transit charges • exchanges
POSTAL PAYMENT SERVICE AGREEMENTS
• Chapter I Chapter II
Inquiries and liability
• Processing of postal payment orders
19 Inquiries
20 Liability of designated operators with regard to users
• 15 Deposit, entry and transmission 21 Obligations and liability of designated operators to
of postal payment orders each other
22 Non-liability of designated operators
• 16 Checking and release of funds
23 Reservations regarding liability
• 17 Maximum amount
• 18 Reimbursement
Chapter III
Financial relations
• 26 Reservations at Congress
• 27 Final provisions
• 28 Entry into force and duration of the
Postal Payment Services Agreement
Terima K
as ih