Grammar Strategies

Narasumber: Ihtiara Fitrianingsih, M.Pd.

Disampaikan pada Pelatihan dan Tes ProTEFL - CBT di Domisili

bagi Dosen Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta
22 Agustus 2021

www.p2b.lppmp.uny.ac.id @p2buny https://t.me/csp3buny +62 821 3578 4200

 Grammar & Vocabulary

Without grammar very little can be

conveyed, without vocabulary
nothing can be conveyed”
(David Wilkins)

TOEFL GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY LIST

Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL & https://www.prepscholar.com/toefl/blog/toefl-vocabulary-list/
GRAMBARAN SOAL
GRAMMAR

SOAL 1 – 15 Pilihan Ganda

SOAL 16 – 40 Error Recognition
Pilihan ganda = melengkapi kalimat sesuai dengan elemen yang hilang.
Error recognition = mengidentifikasi elemen kalimat yang tidak sesuai dengan tata bahasa.
 Pembagian Waktu

25 menit 40 soal

@soal hanya 37.5 detik

TIPS UNTUK MULTIPLE CHOICE
QUESTIONS
Periksa elemen apa yang
sudah ada dalam soal,
subjek, predikat, objek,
keterangan, atau bagian
dari sebuah frasa (misal
article + adj + noun; adv
+ verb).

Di pilhan ganda, cari

elemen yang hilang,
 Tips untuk Error Recornition/Written Expression
Soal Written Expression meliputi rincian sebagai berikut:
Error Recognition
01 Menentukan bagian yang salah dari empat pilihan
jawaban yang disediakan

Incorrect Word or Phrase

02 Bagian yang salah = Jawaban yang dicari (BENAR)

25 questions
03 Dimulai dari soal no 16 – 40 (lanjutan dari soal 1 – 15
pada durasi waktu yang sama)

In less than 25 minutes

04 Gunakan waktu lebih banyak pada bagian ini karena
jumlah soal lebih banyak
 Subject-Verb Agreement
Skill 1 – Subject & verb

Why?
Subject-Verb Agreement
menjadi pengetahuan Skill 2 – Object of Preposition
grammar dasar yang
dibutuhkan dalam tes
ProTEFL grammar. Proporsi Skill 3 – Appositive
soal untuk muncul adalah 3-
6 soal secara total, dan
prinsip dasar ini digunakan
dalam mengidentifikasi eror
dalam semua soal bagian Skill 23 – SV agreement after certain word
error recognition.

Bonus: Skill 39 & 40 – Problems with Noun

SKILL 1
Subject and Verb
 Periksa Subject & Verb

Subject & Verb Agreement

TIPs Semua soal terdiri atas SATU BUAH KALIMAT, yang

tentunya memiliki Subject & Verb.

Pastikan subjek (jamak atau tunggal) sudah sesuai

dengan kata kerjanya.

Bila belum sesuai, bagian Subject & Verb itulah

yang salah.
S-V Agreement in Simple Present Tense
Singular Subject (S) Singular Verb (+S)
She need(+s) money.
He
It bring(+s) a dictionary.
The student is good.
Every/each student is learning English.
One of the students has done the painting tasks.
Uncountable noun (contoh: money) do(+es) the homework.

Plural Subject (+S) Plural Verb (S)

They need(s) money.
I
We bring(s) a dictionary.
You are students.
The students are learning English.
Many students/All of the students have done the painting tasks.
do(es) the homework.
Contoh Soal Tips:
Verb-ing dalam predikat
Skill 1: Subject & Verb
selalu butuh be
(is/am/are/was/were)
Vocabulary:
engineers (N) = insinyur
necessary (adj) = perlu
hopefully (adv) = diharapkan
space (N) = ruang angkasa
range (Verb) = bervariasi
pale (adj) = pucat
 is/am/are She is a student. We are happy. I am at home.

V1
do/does, We do the health protocols. She helps me at home. I do my
help/helps part.

was/were I was a school students. They were at work.

V2
did. helped,
My family went cycling every weekend.
visited

has/have/had + has/have/had
I have learned English for 8 years.
Subject V3 learned

modal + Verb
can see I can see the picture. It would be better to learn English now.
dasar

is joning
be + Ving We are doing the exercise.
were learning

are taken
be + V3 (pasif) My car was taken to a garage near my house.
was done

is a teacher/
Be + N/Adj/Adv He is a teacher. She was here. They are good.
here/good
Soal 1
Skill 1: Subject & Verb
Soal 2
Skill 1: Subject & Verb
Soal 3
Skill 1: Subject & Verb
SKILL 2
Object of Preposition
 SKILL 2

Example
Tips:
Untuk menentukan inti subjek,
carilah kata benda yang tidak
didahului dengan preposisi
(at, of, in, between, with, by,
etc)
Soal 1
Skill 2: Object of Preposition
Soal 2
Skill 2: Object of Preposition
Soal 3
Skill 2: Object of Preposition
SKILL 3
Appositive
Example
 Dua Tipe Appositive

Type 1

Type 2
Soal 1
Skill 3. Appositive
Soal 2
Skill 3. Appositive
Soal 3
Skill 3. Appositive
SKILL 23
Subject-Verb Agreement
after certain words
Example
Soal 1
Skill 23: Subject-Verb Agreement after Certain Words
Soal 2
Skill 23: Subject-Verb Agreement after Certain Words

The president felt that no one were better suited for the position of chief staff advisor.
A B C D
Soal 3
Skill 23: Subject-Verb Agreement after Certain Words
BONUS
SKILL 39 & 40
Problems with Noun
SKILL 39

SKILL 40
 Tips untuk Problems with Noun

Cek key word Cek kata benda yang mengikuti keyword

Sudah cocok atau belum

Jamak many, some, several, Jamak books, problems,

two, both curricula, data, teeth

Tunggal a, an, each, every, one, Tunggal book, problem,

single curriculum, datum, tooth

Countable many, number, few, Countable book, problems,

fewer curriculum, datum, tooth

Uncountable much, amount, little, Uncountable Money, water, rice, meat,

less furniture, information
SKILL 41
 Contoh Soal

much DIGANTI many.

JAMAK
In the United States, presidential elections are held once every four year.
A B C D
THANK YOU

Contact me via
email: Ihtiara.f@uny.ac.id
WA : +62 81804171615