GEOSERVICES,LTD
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
COAL ASPECTS
ASAL USUL BATUBARA (GEOLOGY)
SIFAT-SIFAT (PROPERTIES)
EXPLORASI, EXPLOITASI, & HANDLING
UTILISASI
TEKNOLOGY
– BENEFISIASI
– KONVERSI
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
PENGENALAN GEOLOGY
BATUBARA
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
BAGAIMANA
BATUBARA
TERBENTUK ??
???
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
HUTAN BASAH
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
HUTAN BASAH
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
HUTAN BASAH
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PEMBENTUKAN FOSSIL
Decaying Vegetation
PEAT
Seat Earth
Sandstone
Shale
Consolidate peat
Seat Earth
Sandstone
Shale
Lignite
Seat Earth
Sandstone
Shale 10
Coal Seam
PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
1. Teori In-situ :
Batubara terbentuk dari tumbuhan atau
pohon yang berasal dari hutan dimana
batubara tersebut terbentuk.
2. Teori Drift :
Batubara terbentuk dari tumbuhan atau
pohon yang berasal dari hutan yang bukan
di tempat dimana batubara tersebut
terbentuk
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
HUTAN BASAH
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HUTAN BASAH
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TEORY DRIFT
HUTAN KERING
HUTAN BASAH
DANAU PURBA
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Pembentukan Batubara (Coalification)
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
Geometry model
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
UMUR
TEMPERATURE
TEKANAN
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Coal Formation
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Coal Rank
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
FAKTOR UMUR
SIMPLIFIED GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE
FAKTOR UMUR
PEMBAGIAN EPOCH
Faktor Temperature
Geothermal Gradient
Igneous Intrusion
Tectonic Activity
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Faktor Temperature
Geothermal Gradient
o
C (-)
o
C (+)
BUMI 30
PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Faktor Temperature
Igneous Intrusion
Tectonic Activity
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Faktor Tekanan
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
Tekanan
Temperature
Lignite
Sub bituminous
PEAT
Bituminous
Anthracite Umur
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD GEOLOGY BATUBARA
KLASIFIKASI BATUBARA
ASTM Classification
Seyler’s Classification
Ralston’s Classification
ECE Classification (Economic
Commission for Europe)
International Classification for Lignite
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
Moisture
Mineral Matter
Organic Matter
Batubara
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
ORGANIC MATTER
Ultimate
Volatile Matter
Fixed Carbon
Calorific Value
Maceral
Dll 39
PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
Carbon Vitrinite
Volatile Matter
Hydrogen
Nitrogen Liptinite
Sulfur
Fixed Carbon
Oxygen Inertinite
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
MACERAL BATUBARA
GRUP MACERAL MACERAL
Telinite
Collinite
VITRINITE Vitrodetrinite
Sporinite
Cutinite
LIPTINITE / EXINITE Resinite
Alginite
Liptodetrinite
Micrinite
Macrinite
Semifusinite
INERTINITE Fusinite
Sclerotinite
Inertodetrinite 41
PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD
Coal Origin
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
SUBSTANSI MACERAL
Coal Identification
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PT. GEOSERVICES, LTD SUBSTANSI BATUBARA
SUBSTANSI MACERAL
Maseral Vitrinit Hasil Pengamatan Maseral Sclerotinit Hasil Kristal Garam (halit) Hasil
Mikroskop Photometer, Pembesaran Pengamatan SEM, Pembesaran Pengamatan SEM, Pembesaran
500 X 15000 X
1000 X
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DISKUSI
materi
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