Laporan Praktikum KI2241

Energetika Kimia
Percobaan N-1
PENENTUAN VOLUM MOLAR PARSIAL

Nama

: Fry Voni Steky

NIM

: 10514034

Kelompok

:4

Tanggal Percobaan

: 17 Februari 2016

Tanggal Pengumpulan

: 24 Maret 2016

Asisten

: Muhammad Reza (20514060)

LABORATORIUM KIMIA FISIK

PROGRAM STUDI KIMIA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
2016

Penentuan Volum Molar Parsial

I.

Tujuan Percobaan
1. Menentukan volum molar parsial larutan Natrium Klorida sebagai fungsi rapat
massa

II.

Teori Dasar
Variabel termodinamika dapat dibedakan menjadi dua jenis yaitu variabel
ekstensif dan variabel intensif. Kedua variabel tersebut secara matematis dapat
dinyatakan sebagai fungsi homogen berderajat n. Fungsi ini kemudian didiferensiasi
dan menghasilkan persamaan yang dikenal sebagai teorema Euler untuk fungsi
homogen berderajat n.

N1[]Nj=1 + N2[2]Nj=1 + ... = 1 f(N1, N2, ..., Ni)

Terdapat tiga sifat termodinamika molar parsial, yakni :

Volum molar parsial dari komponen-komponen dalam larutan

Entalpi molar parsial

Energi bebas molar parsial

Sifat-sifat molar parsial di atas dapat ditentukan dengan beberapa metode

diantaranya yaitu metode analitik, metode grafik, metode intersep dan metode molar
nyata. Pada percobaan ini akan ditentukan nilai volum molar parsial dari larutan NaCl
dan MgCl2 sebagai fungsi konsentrasi melalui pengukuran rapat massa. Demikian,
pada percobaan ini akan digunakan piknometer untuk mengetahui nilai rapat massa
zat yang kemudian akan dialurkan dengan persamaan matematis menggunakan
metode volum molar nyata dan dapat diperoleh nilai volum molar parsial larutan NaCl
dan MgCl2. adalah volum molar nyata suatu zat.
1

= [

++

)]

III.

Data Pengamatan
Truang = 26oC
[NaCl]induk = 3 M
VNacl (mL)

[NaCl] (M)

Wpz (gram)

0,3

43,35

10

0,6

43,64

15

0,9

43,95

20

1,2

44,24

25

1,5

44,57

Wpikno kosong = 16,89 gram

Wpikno + air = 43,03 gram

IV.

Perhitungan
Diketahui massa jenis air pada suhu 26oC = 0,99681 g/mL
a) Penentuan volume piknometer (Vp)
Vpikno

43,0316,89
0,99681

= 26,2237 mL

b) Penentuan NaCL ()

43,3516,89
26,2237

[NaCl] (M)

(g/mL)

0,3

1,0090

0,6

1,0201

0,9

1,0319

1,2

1,0429

1,5

1,0555

= 1,0090 g/mL

c) Penentuan mol NaCl (mol)

Untuk larutan NaCl dengan konsentrasi 0,3 M
nz

=
=

[]
1000
0,3 26,2237
1000

= 0,007867 mol
[NaCl] (M)

Mol NaCl (mol)

0,3

0,007867

0,6

0,015734

0,9

0,023601

1,2

0,031468

1,5

0,039336

d) Penentuan massa zat terlarut (Wt) dan massa pelarut (Ws)

Untuk larutan NaCl dengan konsentrasi 0,3 M
Wt = mol NaCl x Mr NaCl
= 0,007867 x 58,44
= 0,4597 gram
Ws = Wpz Wpk Wt
= 43,35 16,89 0,4597
= 26,0003 gram
[NaCl] (M)

Massa zat terlarut (gram)

0,3

0,4597

0,6

0,9195

0,9

1,3792

1,2

1,8390

1,5

2,2988

[NaCl] (M)

Massa pelarut (gram)

0,3

26,0003

0,6

25,8305

0,9

25,6808

1,2

25,5110

1,5

25,3812

e) Penentuan mol pelarut (ns)

Untuk larutan NaCl dengan konsentrasi 0,3 M

ns = =

26,0003
18,02

= 1,4429 mol

[NaCl] (M)

Mol pelarut (mol)

0,3

1,4429

0,6

1,4334

0,9

1,4251

1,2

1,4157

1,5

1,4085

f) Penentuan volume molar nyata ()

Untuk larutan NaCl dengan konsentrasi 0,3 M
=
=

1
1
. [
(
)]
z
.

1
1
43,35 43,03
. [58,44
(
)]
1,0090
0,007867 43.03 . 16,89

= 57,86326 mL/mol
[NaCl] (M)

Volum molar nyata zat (mL/mol)

0,3

57,86326

0,6

57,23621

0,9

56,58142

1,2

55,98532

1,5

55,31610

g) Kurva terhadap akar mol zat

Grafik
Volum Molar Nyata Zat ()

58.5
58
57.5
57
56.5

y = -23.085x + 60.029
R = 0.9863

56
55.5
55
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Akar mol zat (mol)

Dari kurva regresi hasil plot Volum molar nyata zat dan akar mol zat
diperoleh persamaan regresi y = -23,085x + 60,029 .Sesuai dengan persamaan y =

mx + c dimana m adalah (

diperoleh nilai (

) dan c adalah volum molar nyata (o). Sehingga

) = 23,085 dan (o) = 60,029.

h) Penentuan volume molar parsial

Volum molar parsial zat (Vz)
Untuk larutan NaCl dengan konsentrasi 0,3 M
3

()2
= +
(
)
2.
3

= 57,86326mL/mol +

(0,007867 )2
2 1,4429

(23,085) = 57,8578 mL/mol

[NaCl] (M)

Volum molar parsial zat (mL/mol)

0,3

57,8578

0,6

57,2203

0,9

56,5521

1,2

55,9398

1,5

55,2522

Volum molar nyata air (Vr)

=

18,02 /
=
= 18.0777 /

0.99681 gram/mL

Volum molar parsial air (Va)

Untuk larutan NaCl dengan konsentrasi 0,3 M
3

()2
=
(
)
2
3

(0.007867 )2
(23,085)
= 18,0777 /
2 1.4429
= 18.08328 mL/mol
[NaCl] (M)

Volum molar parsial air (mL/mol)

0,3

18,08328

0,6

18,09359

0,9

18,10707

1,2

18,12321

1,5

18,14163

V.

Pembahasan

VI.

Kesimpulan
Didapat volum molar parsial larutan Natrium Klorida sebagai berikut.

VII.

[NaCl] (M)

Volum molar parsial NaCl (mL/mol)

0,3

57,8578

0,6

57,2203

0,9

56,5521

1,2

55,9398

1,5

55,2522

Daftar Pustaka
Atkins, P.W. 1993. Kimia Fisik. Jakarta : Erlangga
Levine, Ira N.2009. Physical Chemistry Sixth Edition. New York: Mc Graw-Hill.
G,W, Castellan, Physical Chemistry, edisi kedua, Addison Wesley, Massachussets,
1971, hal, 347-350
http://old.iupac.org/goldbook/BT07273.pdf

VIII.

Lampiran
A. CRC (Data Nilai Rapat Massa Air pada Berbagai Temperatur)

STANDARD DENSI TY OF WATER

This table gives the density of water in the temperature range from 0C to 100C at a pressure of 101325 Pa
(one standard atmosphere). From 0C to 40C the values are taken from the IUPAC publication in Reference 1
and refer to standard mean ocean water (SMOW), free from dissolved salts and gases. SMOW is a standard water
sample of high purity and known isotopic composition. Methods of correcting for different isotopic compositions
are
discussed in Reference 1. The remaining values are taken from the NIST Chemistry WebBook, Reference 2.
Note that the IUPAC values refer to the IPTS-68 temperature scale, while the NIST values are based on the ITS90 scale (where the normal boiling point is 99.974C). The conversion between these scales can be found in Sec.
1. The difference between the scales leads to a difference in the density of water of about 20 ppm in the
neighborhood of 100C and much less at lower temperatures.
References
1. Marsh, K. N., Ed., Recommended Reference Materials for theRealization of Physicochemical
Properties, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987.
2. Lemmon, E.W., McLinden, M.O., and Friend, D.G., Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems in
NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, Eds. P.J. Linstrom and
W.G. Mallard, June 2005, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD, 20899
(http://webbook.nist.gov).
3. Wagner, W., and Pruss, A., The IAPWS formulation 1995 for the thermodynamic properties of
ordinary water substance for general and scientific use, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 31, 387-535, 2002.
4. Saul, A., and Wagner, W., A Fundamental Equation for Water Covering the Range From the Melting
Line to 1273 K at Pressures up to 25000 MPa, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 18, 1537-1564, 1989

t/C
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

0.0
0.9998426
0.9999015
0.9999429
0.9999672
0.9999750
0.9999668
0.9999430
0.9999043
0.9998509
0.9997834
0.9997021
0.9996074
0.9994996
0.9993792
0.9992464
0.9991016
0.9989450
0.9987769
0.9985976
0.9984073
0.9982063
0.9979948
0.9977730
0.9975412
0.9972994
0.9970480
0.9967870
0.9965166
0.9962371
0.9959486
0.9956511

0.1
0.9998493
0.9999065
0.9999461
0.9999687
0.9999748
0.9999651
0.9999398
0.9998996
0.9998448
0.9997759
0.9996932
0.9995972
0.9994882
0.9993665
0.9992325
0.9990864
0.9989287
0.9987595
0.9985790
0.9983877
0.9981856
0.9979731
0.9977503
0.9975174
0.9972747
0.9970223
0.9967604
0.9964891
0.9962087
0.9959192
0.9956209

0.2
0.9998558
0.9999112
0.9999491
0.9999700
0.9999746
0.9999632
0.9999365
0.9998948
0.9998385
0.9997682
0.9996842
0.9995869
0.9994766
0.9993536
0.9992184
0.9990712
0.9989123
0.9987419
0.9985604
0.9983680
0.9981649
0.9979513
0.9977275
0.9974936
0.9972499
0.9969965
0.9967337
0.9964615
0.9961801
0.9958898
0.9955906

0.3
0.9998622
0.9999158
0.9999519
0.9999712
0.9999742
0.9999612
0.9999330
0.9998898
0.9998321
0.9997604
0.9996751
0.9995764
0.9994648
0.9993407
0.9992042
0.9990558
0.9988957
0.9987243
0.9985416
0.9983481
0.9981440
0.9979294
0.9977045
0.9974697
0.9972250
0.9969707
0.9967069
0.9964337
0.9961515
0.9958603
0.9955602

/g cm3
0.4
0.5
0.9998683 0.9998743
0.9999202 0.9999244
0.9999546 0.9999571
0.9999722 0.9999731
0.9999736 0.9999728
0.9999591 0.9999568
0.9999293 0.9999255
0.9998847 0.9998794
0.9998256 0.9998189
0.9997525 0.9997444
0.9996658 0.9996564
0.9995658 0.9995551
0.9994530 0.9994410
0.9993276 0.9993143
0.9991899 0.9991755
0.9990403 0.9990247
0.9988791 0.9988623
0.9987065 0.9986886
0.9985228 0.9985038
0.9983282 0.9983081
0.9981230 0.9981019
0.9979073 0.9978852
0.9976815 0.9976584
0.9974456 0.9974215
0.9972000 0.9971749
0.9969447 0.9969186
0.9966800 0.9966530
0.9964059 0.9963780
0.9961228 0.9960940
0.9958306 0.9958009
0.9955297 0.9954991

0.6
0.9998801
0.9999284
0.9999595
0.9999738
0.9999719
0.9999544
0.9999216
0.9998740
0.9998121
0.9997362
0.9996468
0.9995443
0.9994289
0.9993010
0.9991609
0.9990090
0.9988455
0.9986706
0.9984847
0.9982880
0.9980807
0.9978630
0.9976351
0.9973973
0.9971497
0.9968925
0.9966259
0.9963500
0.9960651
0.9957712
0.9954685

0.7
0.9998857
0.9999323
0.9999616
0.9999743
0.9999709
0.9999518
0.9999175
0.9998684
0.9998051
0.9997279
0.9996372
0.9995333
0.9994167
0.9992875
0.9991463
0.9989932
0.9988285
0.9986525
0.9984655
0.9982677
0.9980594
0.9978406
0.9976118
0.9973730
0.9971244
0.9968663
0.9965987
0.9963219
0.9960361
0.9957413
0.9954377

0.8
0.9998912
0.9999360
0.9999636
0.9999747
0.9999696
0.9999490
0.9999132
0.9998627
0.9997980
0.9997194
0.9996274
0.9995222
0.9994043
0.9992740
0.9991315
0.9989772
0.9988114
0.9986343
0.9984462
0.9982474
0.9980380
0.9978182
0.9975883
0.9973485
0.9970990
0.9968399
0.9965714
0.9962938
0.9960070
0.9957113
0.9954069

0.9
0.9998964
0.9999395
0.9999655
0.9999749
0.9999683
0.9999461
0.9999088
0.9998569
0.9997908
0.9997108
0.9996174
0.9995110
0.9993918
0.9992602
0.9991166
0.9989612
0.9987942
0.9986160
0.9984268
0.9982269
0.9980164
0.9977957
0.9975648
0.9973240
0.9970735
0.9968135
0.9965441
0.9962655
0.9959778
0.9956813
0.9953760