SOAL LATIHAN ASAM BASA DAN

Ksp
1. Describe the effect on pH

dengan adanya penambahan ion

HCOO dalam larutan asam
format; maka kesetimbangan

(increase, decrease, or no change)

bergeser ke kiri sehingga

that results from each of the

jumlah H3O+ berkurang,

following additions: (a) potassium

acetate to an acetic acid solution;
(b) ammonium nitrate to an

akibatnya pH naik.
d. HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl
KCl K+ + Cl

ammonia solution; (c) sodium

Penambahan ion Cl dalam

formate (HCOONa) to a formic

larutan HCl tidak

acid (HCOOH) solution; (d)

mempengaruhi konsentrasi

potassium chloride to a

H3O+, sehingga pH tidak

hydrochloric acid solution; (e)

barium iodide to a hydroiodic acid
solution.
Answer:
a. CH3COOH + H2O H3O+
+ CH3COO
KCH3COO K+ +
CH3COO ,
dengan adanya penambahan ion

berubah.
e. HI + H2O H3O+ + I
BaI2 Ba2+ + 2I
Penambahan ion I- dalam
larutan HI tidak mempengaruhi
konsentrasi H3O+, sehingga pH
tidak berubah.
2. The pKas of two monoprotic acids
HA and HB are 5.9 and 8.1,

CH3COO dalam larutan asam

respectively. Which of the two is

asetat; maka kesetimbangan

bergeser ke kiri, sehingga

the stronger acid?

Answer:
pKa semakin besar berarti Ka

jumlah H3O+ berkurang,

semakin kecil, sehingga asam

akibatnya pH naik.
b. NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH
NH4NO3 NH4+ + NO3
Dengan penambahan ion NH4+
dalam larutan ammonia, maka

dengan pKa lebih kecil sifat

asamnya lebih kuat. (semakin kecil
Ka berarti jumlah molekul asam
yang terdisosiasi makin sedikit)
3. Calculate the pH of the following

kesetimbangan bergeser ke kiri;

two buffer solutions: (a) 2.0 M

sehingga jumlah ion OH

CH3COONa/2.0 M CH3COOH, (b)

berkurang, akibatnya pH turun.

c. HCOOH + H2O H3O+ +
HCOO
HCOONa Na+ +
HCOO ,

0.20 M CH3COONa/0.20 M
CH3COOH. Which is the more
effective buffer? Why?
Answer:
CH3COOH + H2O H3O+ +
CH3COO-

pKa = 4,76

C H 3 CO O

Ka=
+
H 3 O

C H 3 CO O

C H 3 CO O

[C H 3 COOH ]
pH= pKalog

pH

untuk kedua kasus, sama

yaitu = pKa = 4,76; sedangkan

buffer yang lebih efektif adalah
buffer pada kasus (a) karena
konsentrasi asam maupun
garamnya lebih besar, sehingga
mampu menetralkan asam maupun
basa lebih banyak.
4. A student is asked to prepare a
buffer solution at pH = 8.60, using
one of the following weak acids:
HA (Ka = 2.7 x 103), HB (Ka = 4.4
x 106), HC (Ka = 2.6 x 109).
Which acid should she choose?
Why?
Answer:
Buffer yang baik adalah yang
mempunyai pH di sekitar pKa. pKa

5. The ionization constant Ka of an

indicator HIn is 1.0 x 106. The
color of the nonionized form is red
and that of the ionized form is
yellow. What is the color of this
indicator in a solution whose pH is
4.00?
Answer:
HIn + H2O H3O+ + In
red
yellow
H

Ka=
+
H 3 O

pH= pKalog

[ HIn]

pKa HIn = 6. Ketika pH < pKa,

berarti [HIn] > [In], sehingga
warna indikator dalam larutan
adalah merah.
6. Write the solubility product
expression for the ionic compound
AxBy.
Answer:
Ksp = [A+y]x [Bx]y
7. Calculate the concentration of ions

HA = 2,57; pKa HB = 5,36 dan

in the following saturated

pKa HC = 8,56. Dari kondisi

solutions: (a) [I] in AgI solution

tersebut, maka asam yang harus

with [Ag+] = 9.1x 109 M, (b) [Al3+]

dipilih untuk membuat larutan

in Al(OH)3 solution with

[OH] = 2.9 x 109M.
Answer:
Ksp AgI = [Ag+] [I] = 8,521017 .

buffer dengan pH = 8,60 adalah

HC.

[I] = 8,521017/ [Ag+] = 8,5210

17

/9,1x 109 = 9,36 x 109 M

Ksp Al(OH)3 =
8. From the solubility data given,

Ksp CuI = 1,271012= [Cu+]

[I]
1,271012 = 0,010 [I]
[I] = 1,271010 M
Ksp AgI = 8,521017 = [Ag+]

calculate the solubility products for

the following compounds: (a) SrF2,
2

7,3 x 10 g/L, (b) Ag3PO4, 6,7 x

103 g/L.
Answer:
Ksp SrF2 = [Sr2+] [F]2;
7,3 x 102 g/L = 7,3 x 102 g/L :
125,62 g/mol = 5,81 x 104 M
[Sr2+] = 5,81 x 104 M;
[F] = 2 x 5,81 x 104 M = 1,16 x
103 M
Ksp SrF2 = [Sr2+] [F]2 = (5,81 x 10
4

) x (1,16 x 103)2 = 7,85 x 1010

Ksp Ag3PO4 = [Ag +]3 [PO43] ;
6,7 x 103 g/L = 6,7 x 103 g/L :
418,58 g/mol = 1,6 x 105 M
[Ag +] = 3 x 1,6 x 105 M;
[PO43] = 1,6 x 105 M
Ksp Ag3PO4 = [Ag +]3 [PO43] = (3 x
1,6 x 105)3 x (1,6 x 105) = 1,77 x
1018
9. Solid NaI is slowly added to a
solution that is 0.010 M in Cu+ and
0.010 M in Ag+. (a) Which
compound will begin to precipitate
first? (b) Calculate [Ag+] when CuI

[I]
8,521017 = [Ag+] 1,271010
[Ag+] = 6,711017
c) % Ag+ yang tetap dalam larutan
= (6,711017 : 0,010) 100%
= 0,0067%
10. Find the approximate pH range
suitable for the separation of Fe3+
and Zn2+ ions by precipitation of
Fe(OH)3 from a solution that is
initially 0.010 M in both Fe3+ and
Zn2+.
Answer:
Ksp Fe(OH)3 = 2,791039 ; Ksp
Zn(OH)2 = 31017
Untuk memastikan Fe(OH)3
sebagian besar telah mengendap,
[OH] harus sama dengan [OH]
ketika Zn(OH)2 mulai mengendap.
Ksp Zn(OH)2 = 31017 = [Zn2+]
[OH]2
31017 = 0,010 [OH]2
[OH] = (31015)1/2 = 5,5108;
pOH = log5,5108 = 7,26;

just begins to precipitate. (c) What

pH = 14 7,26 = 6,74
11. The solubility product of PbBr2 is

percent of Ag+ remains in solution

8.9 106. Determinethe molar

at this point?
Answer:
Ksp CuI = 1,271012 ; Ksp AgI =

solubility (a) in pure water, (b)

8,521017
a) Ion yang mengendap lebih dulu
adalah Ag+, karena Ksp
AgI<Ksp CuI.
b) Untuk menentukan [Ag+] ketika
CuI mulai mengendap, harus
ditentukan dulu [I] ketika CuI
mulai mengendap.

in0.20 M KBr solution, (c) in 0.20

M Pb(NO3)2 solution.
Answer:
KspPbBr2 = [Pb2+] [Br]2
(a) Kelarutan dalam air murni
PbBr2(s) Pb2+(aq) + 2Br
(aq)
KspPbBr2 = (s) (2s)2
8,9 106 = 4s3

s = (8,9 106 : 4)1/3 = 1,3 102

M
(b) Kelarutan dalam larutan KBr
0,20 M
KspPbBr2 = [Pb2+] [Br]2
8,9 106 = (s) [Br]2
8,9 106 = (s) (0,20)2
s = (8,9 106) :(0,20)2 = 2,2
4

10 M
(c) Kelarutan dalam

=3,3 103 M
12. Which of the following will be
more soluble in acidsolution than
in pure water? (a) CuI, (b) Ag2SO4,
(c) Zn(OH)2, (d) BaC2O4, (e)
Ca3(PO4)2
Answer:
(a) CuI(s) Cu+(aq) + I(aq)
I merupakan basa lemah,
+

(adanya H tidak
kesetimbangan); oleh karena itu
larutan asam tidak
mempengaruhi kelarutanCuI.
(b) Ag2SO4(s) 2Ag+(aq) +
SO42(aq)
SO42 merupakan basa lemah,
+

(adanya H tidak

larutan asam tidak

mempengaruhi
kelarutanAg2SO4.
(c) Zn(OH)2(s) Zn2+(aq) +
2OH(aq)
OH merupakan basa kuat,
(adanya H+
menyebabkankesetimbangan
bergeser ke kanan); oleh karena
itu larutan asam memperbesar
kelarutan Zn(OH)2.
(d) BaC2O4(s) Ba2+(aq) +
C2O42(aq)
C2O42 merupakan basa kuat,
sehingga mudah mengikat H+
(adanya H+
menyebabkankesetimbangan
bergeser ke kanan); oleh karena
itu larutan asam memperbesar
kelarutan BaC2O4.
(e) Ca3(PO4)2(s) 3Ca2+(aq) +

mempengaruhi

sehingga sukar mengikat H

kesetimbangan); oleh karena itu

sehingga mudah mengikat H+

larutanPb(NO3)20,20 M
KspPbBr2 = [Pb2+] [Br]2
8,9 106 = [Pb2+] (2s)2
8,9 106 = (0,20)(2s)2
s = {(8,9 106 ) : (0,20 4)}1/2

sehingga sukar mengikat H

mempengaruhi

2PO43(aq)
PO43 merupakan basa kuat,
sehingga mudah mengikat H+
(adanya H+ menyebabkan
kesetimbangan bergeser ke
kanan); oleh karena itu larutan
asam memperbesar kelarutan
Ca3(PO4)2.