A. Maksud
Maksud dari praktikum mengenai morfologi butir kerakal ini
adalah praktikan dapat:
- Menganalisa aspek morfologi butir sampel berukuran pasir meliputi
bentuk, sphericity, dan roundness dengan pengamatan dibawah
mikroskop
- Menentukan bentuk butir dengan visual pembanding Zingg (1935)
- Menentukan nilai sphericity dengan visual pembanding Rittenhouse
(1943) dan mengkonversikan nilai tersebut pada klasifikasi sphericity
Folk (1968)
- Menentukan nilai roundness dengan visual pembanding Powers (1953)
B. Tujuan
Tujuan dari praktikum mengenai morfologi butir kerakal ini
adalah praktikan dapat mengetahui agen transportasi,
mekanisme transportasi, dan jarak transportasi.
BAB II
DASAR TEORI
Equant
II > 2/3 > 2/3
(Equiaxial/spherical)
B. Sphericity
Sphericity () didefinisikan secara sederhana sebagai
ukuran bagaimana suatu butiran mendekati bentuk bola
(Surjono, 2011). Semakin butiran berbentuk menyerupai bola
maka nilai sphericity-nya semakin tinggi. Wadell (1932)
mendefinisikan sphericity yang sebenarnya (true sphericity)
sebagai luas permukaan butir dibagi dengan luas permukaan
sebuah bola yang keduanya mempunyai volume sama. Lewis &
McConchie (1994) mengatakan bahwa rumusan ini sangat sulit
untuk dipraktekkan. Sebagai pendekatan, perbandingan luas
permukaan tersebut dianggap sebanding dengan perbandingan
volume, sehingga rumus sphericity menurut Wadell (1932)
adalah :
Rumusannya :
A. Alat
Alat yang diperlukan dalam praktikum kali ini yaitu:
- Plastik sampel secukupnya;
- OHP Marker;
- Tusuk gigi atau jarum pentul;
- Kalkulator;
- Kertas HVS secukupnya;
- Alat tulis lengkap.
B. Bahan
Bahan dalam praktikum ini ialah sampel pasir yang diambil
dari tiga lapangan pengamatan pada saat acara pengambilan
sampel di STA 12 yang terletak di pinggiran sungai Progo, desa
Babakan, Srandakan, Bantul.
BAB IV
LANGKAH KERJA
Mulai
Mineral kuarsa, feldspar, dan litik masing-masing dipilih 25 butir dengan ukuran mesh 60
Selesai
Selesai
B. Penentuan Nilai Sphericity
Mulai
Selesai
C. Penentuan Nilai Roundness
Mulai
Sampel diamati secara visual di bawah mikroskop dengan visual Powers (1953)
Selesai
BAB V
ANALISIS DATA
Mineral
Bentuk (a) Kuarsa Feldspar Litik
f fk f fk f fk
Oblate 13 13 10 10 12 12
Prolate 2 15 5 15 4 16
Bladed 3 18 6 21 5 21
Equant 7 25 4 25 4 25
Jumlah 25 25 25
Tabel 5.1. Frekuensi kumulatif bentuk butir LP 1.
1 : Oblate
2 : Prolate
3 : Bladed
4 : Equant
Mineral
Bentuk (a) Kuarsa Feldspar Litik
f fk f fk f fk
Oblate 11 11 8 8 11 11
Prolate 5 16 5 13 5 16
Bladed 3 19 6 19 5 21
Equant 6 25 6 25 4 25
Jumlah 25 25 25
Tabel 5.2. Frekuensi kumulatif bentuk butir LP 2.
Kurva Frekuensi Kumulatif
Bentuk Butir STA 12 LP 2
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
1 : Oblate
2 : Prolate
3 : Bladed
4 : Equant
Gambar 5.2. Kurva frekuensi kumulatif bentuk butir LP 2.
3. STA 12 LP 3
Mineral
Bentuk (a) Kuarsa Feldspar Litik
f fk f fk f fk
Oblate 8 8 10 10 8 8
Prolate 3 11 2 12 3 11
Bladed 7 18 8 20 10 21
Equant 7 25 5 25 4 25
Jumlah 25 25 25
Tabel 5.3. Frekuensi kumulatif bentuk butir LP 3
Kurva Frekuensi Kumulatif
Bentuk Butir STA 12 LP 3
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
1 : Oblate
2 : Prolate
3 : Bladed
4 : Equant
Gambar 5.3. Kurva frekuensi kumulatif bentuk butir LP 3
B. Penentuan Nilai Sphericity
1. STA 12 LP 1
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
Kuarsa
Feldspar
Litik
Mineral Berat
A. Frequency
At location of observation 1, the amount of quartz is 13 grains, feldspar is
10 grains, and lithic is 13 grains. All of them are oblate-dominated. The sphericity
of quartz is dominated by sub elongate (0,65) as many as 5 grains, feldspar is
dominated by very equant (0,83) as many as 6 grains, and lithic is dominated by
equant-very equant as many as 4 grains. The roundness of quartz is dominated by
sub-angular as many as 15 grains, feldspar is dominated by sub-angular as many
as 11 grains, and lithic is dominated by sub-rounded as many as 7 grains.
At location of observation 2, the amount of quartz is 11 grains, feldspar is
8 grains, and lithic is 11 grains. All of them are oblate-dominated. The sphericity
of quartz is dominated by very equant (0,83) as many as 8 grains, feldspar is
dominated by very equant (0,83) as many as 5 grains, and lithic is dominated by
equant (0,65) as many as 6 grains. The roundness of quartz is dominated by sub-
angular as many as 11 grains, feldspar is dominated by sub-angular as many as 8
grains, and lithic is dominated by sub-angular as many as 11 grains.
At location of observation 3, the amount of quartz is 8 grains, feldspar is 8
grains, and lithic is 10 grains. All of them are oblate-dominated, except lithic
which is dominated by bladed.. The sphericity of quartz is dominated by very
equant (0,83) as many as 4 grains, feldspar is dominated by very equant (0,83) as
many as 8 grains, and lithic is dominated by very equant (0,83) as many as 6
grains. The roundness of quartz is dominated by sub-angular as many as 11 grains,
feldspar is dominated by sub-angular as many as 8 grains, and lithic is dominated
by sub-angular as many as 11 grains.
B. Inclination from Upstream to Downstream
The grain shape of quartz from location of observation 1 to 3 is constantly
oblate, it is likewise the feldspar. While for the lithic, it tends to change from
oblate to bladed.
The sphericity of quartz from location of observation 1 to 3 tends to
change from sub-elongate to very equant. For feldspar, it tends to constant in very
equant. While for the lithic, it tends to constant in very equant.
The roundness of quartz from location of observation 1 to 3 tends to
constant, which is sub-angular, it is likewise the feldspar. While the lithic is likely
to change from sub-rounded to sub-angular.
C. Anomaly
The anomaly is happen in roundness of lithic. Its caused by the activity of
mining of gravel in big enough scale. So that, the fine materials are mined and
cover the area of observation. Beside it, the location of sampling which is less
than ideal, caused the anomaly of the final result of lithic observation.
D. Process of Transportation
From the grains size, the process of transportation that happens in this
station (STA 12) is suspended load. It is proven by the changes thats not too
significant either on grain size, sphericity, or roundness. This transportation
process minimalizes the clash and friction between minerals and lithics. So, the
differences of grain size, sphericity, and roundness between locations are not too
significat.
E. Provenance
It is interpreted that the sedimentary materials located in Kali Progo have
been deposited in long time. These sedimentary materials came from several
volcanoes either still active or not, among others Mt. Merapi, Mt. Merbabu, Mt.
Sumbing, Mt. Sindoro, and ancient volcanoes (Mt. Menoreh, Mt. Gajah, and Mt.
Ijo).
BAB VII
CONCLUSION