ERWIN ROMMEL-LUKITO PRASETYO

Perilaku Struktur

Balok Baja, Kayu atau Beton sbl. retak

Distribusi Tegangan
pada Potg. Lintang
di tengah bentang
Perilaku Struktur

Balok Beton (retak)

Distribusi Tegangan
pada Potg. Lintang
di tengah bentang
Perilaku Struktur

Balok Beton (retak)

Distribusi Tegangan
pada Potg. Lintang
di tengah bentang
Perilaku Struktur

Balok Beton Bertulang

Distribusi Tegangan
pada Potg. Lintang
di tengah bentang

Baja Tulangan

Retak Retak Retak

Perilaku Struktur
BETON PRATEGANG
Distribusi Tegangan
pada Potg. Lintang
di tengah bentang

Distribusi Tegangan
pada Potg. Lintang
di tengah bentang

+ DsS
Konsep sistem
Prategang
Prinsip beton prategang, gaya prategang berupa gaya
aksila tekan diberikan pada bagian-bagian beton untuk
mengimbangi sebagian tegangan tarik yang timbul akibat
beban-beban yang bekerja.

Dalam bidang rekayasa jembatan, pengenalan beton

prategang telah digunakan untuk mengatasi pembangunan
jembatan beton bentang panjang. Biasanya jembatan tipe
ini disusun dari unit-unit pracetak kemudian disambungkan
dan dikencangkan dengan kabel prategang, ditempatkan
pada posisi tumpuan jembatan.

Untuk jembatan pendek, pemakaian balok prategang

sederhana telah terbukti ekonomis

Range penampang balok standar telah diberikan untuk

menyederhanakan desain dan pelaksanaan konstruksi
jembatan.
BOX GIRGER
DOUBLE T-BEAM
SILO STRUCUTRE
EQUIPMENT AND
MATERIAL
PRESTRESSING
ANCHORAGE & STRESSING JACK (1)
ANCHORAGE & STRESSING JACK (2)
STRESSING JACK (1)
STRESSING JACK (2)
STRESSING JACK (3)
TENDON (1)
TENDON (2)
STRAND
MTW
METODE DAN SISTEM
PRATEGANG
 Pre-tensioning is used to describe a method of
prestressing in which the tendons are tensioned before
the concrete is placed, and the prestress is transferred to
the concrete when a suitable cube strength is reached.

Post-tensioning is a method of prestressing in which the

tendon is tensioned after the concrete has reached a
suitable strength. The tendons are anchored against the
hardened concrete immediately after prestressing.
 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
Tendons and Tendons are stressed Concrete is cast into When the concrete
reinforcement are to about 70% of their the beam mould and has cured the
positioned in the ultimate strength. allowed to cure to stressing force is
beam mould. the required initial released and the
strength. tendons anchor
themselves in the
concrete.
 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
Cable ducts and Concrete is cast Tendons are Wedges are inserted
reinforcement are into the beam threaded through the into the end
positioned in the beam mould and allowed cable ducts and anchorages and the
mould. The ducts are to cure to the tensioned to about tensioning force on
usually raised towards required initial 70% of their the tendons is
the neutral axis at the strength. ultimate strength. released. Grout is
ends to reduce the then pumped into
eccentricity of the the ducts to protect
stressing force. the tendons.
*In contrast to reinforced concrete, the design of
prestressed concrete members is initially based upon
the flexural behaviour at working load conditions.
*The ultimate strength of all members in bending, shear
and torsion is then checked, after the limit states of
serviceability have been satisfied.
*The prime function of prestressing is to ensure that only
limited tensile stresses occur in the concrete under all
conditions within the working range of loads.
*To satisfy the limit state of cracking it is necessary to
satisfy the stress limitations for the outermost fibres of
a section.
*In general the stress limitations adopted for bridges are
identical to BS8110 : Part 1: Clause 4.1.3. When
considering the serviceability limit state of cracking of
prestressed concrete members, three classifications of
structural members are given :
*Class 1 : No tensile stresses;
*Class 2 : Flexural tensile stresses, but no visible
cracking;
*Class 3 : Flexural tensile stresses, but surface crack
widths not exceeding a maximum value (0.1mm for
members in aggressive environments and 0.2mm for all
other members)
The allowable compressive and tensile stresses
for bonded Class 1 and Class 2 members at
transfer and service load are provided by BS8110
and summarised as follows :

Transfer Condition Service Condition

Compression 0.50 fci 0.33fcu
Tension :
Class 1 1.0 N/mm2 0
Class 2: Pretensioned 0.45 fci 0.45 fcu

Postensioned 0.36 fci 0.36 fcu

Stresses at transfer condition
Pi Pi e M i
Top fibre f min
'

Ac Zt Zt
Pi Pi e M i
Bottom fibre f max
'

Ac Zb Zb
Stresses at service condition
Pi Pi e Ms Pi Pi e Ms
Top fibre f max Bottom fibre f min
Ac Zt Zt Ac Zb Zb
Re-arranging the above
inequalities by combining, Zt
M s Mi
the expressions for Zt and
Zb can be obtained.
f max f '
min
These two inequalities
may be used to estimate
Zb
M s M i
f f min
the preliminary section for
'
design.
max
P
Z f t Mi
'
min P
Z bf Mi
'
max
Zt Ac e Z b Ac e
i i

Pi
Z t f max M s
Pi
Z b f min M s
Z t Ac e Zb Ac e