(LKPD – 03)
1. …………………………………………
Nama Sekolah : SMK N 26 Jakarta 2. …………………………………………
Mata Pelajaran : Matematika 3. …………………………………………
Kelas/ Semester : X/ Satu 4. …………………………………………
Petunjuk :
1. Isilah nama anggota kelompok secara lengkap pada lembar kerja kelompok,
2. Cermati permasalahan yang diberikan pada masing-masing kelompok.
3. Ubahlah permasalahan tersebut kedalam bentuk matematika,
4. Setelah selesai, satu dari perwakilan kelompok berpindah untuk mencari permaslahan lain
yang ada pada kelompok lain dan kerjakan hingga 4 permasalahan yang diberikan
terselesaikan
5. Kumpulkan Lembar kerja kelompok yang sudah lengkap kepada guru pengajar di kelas.
Pengantar Materi :
Masalah di atas merupakan masalah program linear yang dapat kita temui di lingkungan sekitar kita.
Bila masalah yang diungkapkan dengan kata-kata di atas diubah ke bentuk-bentuk
persamaan/pertidaksamaan matematika, maka akan terbentuk suatu model matematika.
Untuk menyusun model matematika, diperlukan kemampuan memilah unsur-unsur cerita ke dalam
bentuk variabel-variabel dan nilai-nilai, serta memahami hubungan matematis yang terjadi. Sebagai
contoh, model matematika dari masalah di atas dapat dirumuskan sbb. :
1. Rangkum masalah ke dalam bentuk tabel agar mudah memahami masalahnya. Gunakan satuan
yang sama untuk semua ukuran bahan yang diperlukan.
Nama Bahan yang diperlukan (dalam g) Harga Jual
Barang Tepung Mentega ( Rp )
Roti A 150 50 2000
Roti B 75 75 3000
Tersedia : 26250 Tersedia : 16250
Catatan : Tepung 26,25 kg = 26250 g, Mentega 16,25 kg = 16250 g.
2. Karena yang ditanyakan menyangkut barang, maka dalam masalah di atas banyak barang
merupakan variabel. Untuk mempertegas, pilih nama variabel untuk setiap barang. Untuk barang
yang berbeda digunakan nama variabel yang berbeda pula. Untuk contoh masalah di atas, dibuat
nama varibel x1 untuk menyatakan banyak roti A dan x2 menyatakan banyak roti B.
3. Hubungan matematis yang dapat disusun antara lain : 150𝑥 + 75𝑦 ≤ 2650
Penggunaan tepung : 150x + 75y ≤ 2650 50𝑥 + 75𝑦 ≤ 16250:
Penggunaan metega : 50x + 75y ≤ 16250: Dapat gunakan tanda x ≥ 0
kurung kurawal”{“ y≥ 0
Syarat logis : x ≥ 0 dan y≥ 0
{ H = 2000𝑥 + 3000𝑦
Total penjualan : H = 2000x + 3000y
Hasil dari langkah ke-3 diperoleh beberapa bentuk pertidaksamaan. Secara keseluruhan membentuk
suatu sistem pertidaksamaan linear. Sistem persamaan linear inilah yang disebut sebagai model
matematika dari masalah di atas.
Petunjuk : Tempelkanlah setiap soal yang diberikan pada tempat yang disediakan!
Coba buatlah model matematika yang tepat untuk setiap masalah berikut :
Penyelesaian :
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Tempel soal di sini
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Penyelesaian :
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