KEGIATAN BELAJAR 1
A. Teori Tumbukan
Orientasi masalah
Mengamati
Gambar 1.1 Tumbukan pada lesung padi yang Gambar 1.2 Tumbukan yang dihasilkan oleh
dilakukan oleh ibu-ibu tabrakan dua mobil
Sumber: www.rakyatbugis.com Sumber: www.fisika.sahabat.blogspot.com
1. Tumbukan Efektif
Setelah kamu mengetahui apa itu energi aktivasi, cobalah kamu jelaskan apa
yang terjadi pada gambar di bawah ini!
Mengorganisasi
siswa untuk belajar
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Membimbing Penyelidikan
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Untuk Siswa SMA/MA Kelas XI | Laju Reaksi 4
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LEMBAR KERJA Berbasis Pengalaman dengan
PESERTA DIDIK Problem Based Instruction
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Selamat, anda telah melewwati tahap
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penyelidikan, yaitu tahapan pada langkah PBI
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2. Luas Permukaan
3. Suhu
4. Katalis
Latihan
Mengumpulkan Data
Dari informasi yang telah kamu dapat di atas, tulislah hubungan
setiap faktor tersebut dengan tumbukan secara singkat!
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Mengembangkan Hasil Karya
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Mengasosiasikan
Tuliskan pengertian kata-kata di bawah ini
menggunakan kata-katamu sendiri!
Penyelesaian
1. Tumbukan adalah...............................................................................
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2. Energi aktivasi adalah........................................................................
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3. Tumbukan aktif.................................................................................
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4. Katalis adalah.....................................................................................
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5. Konsentrasi adalah.............................................................................
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Mengevaluasi Proses
Pemecahan Masalah Mengkomunikasikan
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Selamat! Anda selesai pada tahap ke-5 dari langkah-langkah PBI
Jawabanmu pada kolom di atas akan membuktikan pemahamanmu
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mengenai teori tumbukan
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KEGIATAN BELAJAR 2
Orientasi masalah
1. Konsentrasi
semakin banyak dan kemungkinan terjadi reaksi lebih besar. Makin besar
konsentrasi zat, makin cepat laju reaksinya.
Salah satu contohnya adalah, pernahkah kalian melihat orang memasak
dengan tungku? Mengapa tungku harus dikipasi atau ditiup? Meniupkan
udara di permukaan arang akan menaikkan konsentrasi oksigen di atas
permuaan arang sehingga tungku akan menyala.
Mengamati
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Gambar 2.1 Kaporit.
Sumber: www.indotrading.com
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Nah, setelah kamu mengetahui kegunaan dari kaporit. Cobalah kamu
hubungkan kegunaan dari kaporit tersebut dengan penjernihan air pada
kolam berenang seperti gambar di bawah ini dan hubungkanlah dengan
pengaruh konsentrasi pada kegiatan tersebut!
Mengorganisasi
siswa untuk belajar
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Gambar 2.2 Perbedaaan warna air setelah diberi .......................................................
kaporit. .......................................................
Sumber: www.narmadi.com
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Ini merupakan tahap kedua dari ................
langkah-langkah PBI
2. Suhu
∆𝑻
𝒗𝒕 = (∆𝒗)𝟏𝟎 ∙ 𝒗𝟎
Karena besarnya laju berbanding terbalik dengan waktu yang ditempuh, maka
perumusan di atas dapat dituliskan sebagai berikut.
Keterangan:
1 ∆𝑣 = kenaikan laju reaksi
𝑡𝑡 = ∆𝑇 ∙ 𝑡0
(∆𝑣) 10 ∆𝑇 = kenaikan suhu = T2 –T1
T2 = Suhu akhir
T1= suhu awal
t0 = waktu reaksi awal
tt = waktu reaksi akhir
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3. Katalis
Reaksi yang berlangsung lambat dapat dipercepat dengan memberikan
zat lain tanpa menambah konsentrasi atau suhu reaksi. Zat tersebut disebut
katalis. Katalis dapat mempercepat laju reaksi, tetapi tidak mengalami
perubahan kimia secara permanen sehingga pada akhir reaksi zat tersebut
dapat diperoleh kembali. Fungsi katalis dalam reaksi adalah menurunkan
energi aktivasi sehingga jumlah molekul yang dapat melampaui energi
aktivasi menjadi lebih besar.
4. Luas Permukaan
Membimbing Penyelidikan
PERCOBAAN
Alat Percobaan
Tabung reaksi
Stopwatch
Bahan Percobaan
1 g serbuk CaCO3
1 g bongkahan CaCO3
20 mL HCL 2 M
Langkah Percobaan
Isilah 2 tabung reaksi masing-masing dengan 10 mL HCL 2 M.
Masukkan 1 g serbuk CaCO3 ke dalam tabung dan catat
waktunya mulai CaCO3 dimasukkan sampai CaCO3 habis
bereaksi dengan HCL.
Masukkan 1 g bongkahan CaCO3 ke dalam tabung dan catat
waktunya mulai CaCO3 dimasukkan sampai CaCO3 habis
bereaksi dengan HCL
Mengumpulkan data
Mengembangkan dan
Menyajikan Hasil Karya
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Mengasosiasikan
Mengevaluasi proses
pemecahan Masalah
Latihan Mengkomunikasikan
2. Laju reaksi suatu reaksi akan bertambah menjadi dua kili lipat untuk
kenaikan suhu 10oC. Maka, laju reaksi pada suhu 75oC dibanding
pada suhu 35oC adalah.....
a. 4 kali d. 32 kali
b. 8 kali e. 50 kali
c. 16 kali
3. Bila suhu suatu reaksi dinaikkan 10oC, maka laju reaksi akan menjadi
dua kali lipat. Apabila pada suhu ToC reaksi berlangsung selama 160
menit. Maka pada suhu (T + 40)oC reaksi akan berlangsung
selama.....
a. 10 menit d. 80 menit
b. 20 ment e. 120 menit
c. 40 menit
KEGIATAN BELAJAR 3
n1 = n2
V1 M1 = V2 M2
Mengamati
Coba amati gambar di bawah ini ! Orientasi masalah
Mengorganisasi
siswa untuk belajar
+ AIR
Berdasarkan pengamatan kamu pada
gambar disamping, carilah konsentrasi zat
pada gambar B setelah diberi penambahan
A B
air..................................................................
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Mr : 342 VA : 500 mL .......................................................................
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m : 17,1 gram VB : 1000 mL
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Untuk Siswa SMA/MA Kelas XI | Laju Reaksi
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LEMBAR KERJA Berbasis Pengalaman dengan
PESERTA DIDIK Problem Based Instruction
Menanya
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2. Laju Reaksi
Jumlah pereaksi yang berubah atau jumlah hasil pereaksi
yang terbentuk dalam satuan waktu disebut laju reaksi. Laju
reaksi dapat pula dinyatakan sebagai laju berkurangnya
konsentrasi suatu pereaksi atau laju bertambahnya konsentrasi
suatu produk.
Produk Reaktan
A B
Laju reaki kimia bukan hanya sebuah teori, namun dapat dirumuskan
zat A menjadi zat B ditentukan dari jumlah zat A yang bereaksi atau
jumlah zat B yang terbentuk per satuan waktu. Pada saat pereaksi (A)
Δ[A]
Laju reaksi A : 𝑉𝐴 = - Δt
Δ[B]
Laju reaksi B : 𝑉𝐵 = + Δt
pP + qQ rR + sS
Mengumpulkan data
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Pengawetan makanan
meggunakan kulkas
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Gambar 3.2 Makanan dalam kulkas.
Sumber: www.food.detik.com
b. Orde reaksi
Orde reaksi merupakan bilangan pangkat yang menyatakan
besarnya pengaruh konsentrasi zat pereaksi terhadap laju reaksi. Orde
reaksi tidak berhubungan dengan koefisien rekasi. Orde reaksi
keseluruhan merupakan jumlah pangkat yang terdapat pada
persamaan laju reaksi.
Jenis orde reaksi :
1. Orde nol : laju reaksi tidak bergantung pada konsentrasi.
Maksudnya, perubahan konsentrasi zat tidak mempengruhi laju
reaksi. Persamaan lajunya ditulis v = k [A]0
2. Orde satu : laju reaksi berbanding lurus dengan salah satu
reaktan. Jika konsentrasi dilipat duakan maka laju reaksi juga
berlipat dua kali. Persamaan lajunya ditulis v = k [A]1
3. Orde dua : jika laju reaksi berbanding lurus dengan kuadrat
konsentrasi reaktan. Jika kosentrasi reatan dilipat duakan maka
laju reaksi berlipat 4 kali v = k [A]2
Contoh :
SO2(g) + 2H2(g) → S(s) + 2H2O(g)
Berikut adalah data yang diperoleh dari percobaan
Percobaan [SO2] M [H2] M v (M/s)
1 0,03 0,12 1 × 10-2
2 0,06 0,12 2 × 10-2
3 0,06 0,24 8 × 10-2
Membimbing Penyelidikan
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Mengasosiasikan
Mengembangkan dan
Menyajikan Hasil Karya
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Untuk Siswa SMA/MA Kelas XI | Laju Reaksi
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LEMBAR KERJA Berbasis Pengalaman dengan
PESERTA DIDIK Problem Based Instruction
Mengkomunikasikan
Mengevaluasi proses
pemecahan Masalah
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Sudahkah anda memahami pembahasan di atas? Ini adalah
....................................................................................................
tahap terakhir dari langkah PBI yaitu mengevaluasi proses
.......................................................
pemecahan masala
Latihan
a. V = k [A]2 [B]
b. V = k [A] [B]2
c. V = k [A] [B]
d. V = k [A]2
e. V = k [B]