PASSIVE VOICE

(Kalimat Pasif)

Kalimat pasif adalah kalimat dimana subjek dikenai tindakan/pekerjaan, sedangkan kalimat
aktif subjek-nyalah yang melakukan tindakan/pekerjaan.

Contoh : (Active) Bajuri loves Oneng (Bajuri cinta Oneng)

S P/V1 O
(Passive) Oneng is loved by Bajuri. (Oneng Dicintai oleh Bajuri)
S P/V3

Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam merubah aktif ke pasif adalah:

1. Yang dapat dijadikan kalimat pasif adalah Verbal Sentence (kalimat yang predikatnya kata
kerja/V)
- Misal : He is handsome boy (Naminal Sentence – tidak bisa dirubah dalam kalimat pasif
karena tidak memiliki kata kerja)

2. Ciri kalimat pasif/passive voice adalah : TOBE + V3

- Bentuk : Tobe + V3
V1 : Am, Are, Is
V2 : Was, Were
V3 : Been
V ing : Being
- dan kata by (kata ini bukan merupakan syarat yang harus ada dalam kalimat pasif namun
berfungsi menyempurnakan bentuk kalimat pasif)
- Misal :
Angga studies english everyday = Angga mempelajari bahasa inggris setiap hari
S V1 O T.S

English is studied by Angga everyday = Bahasa Inggris dipelajari oleh Angga setiap hari
S tobe+V3 O T.S

Active : Tom has bought a magazine since two days ago

Passive : A magazine has been bought by Tom since two days ago
Tobe V3
Active : Kim bought a magazine yesterday
Passive : A magazine was bought by Kim yesterday
tobe V3

3. Cara merubah kalimat aktif menjadi pasif adalah dengan merubah posisi subjek pada kalimat
aktif menjadi objek dalam dan objek dalam kalimat aktif menjadi subjek dalam kalimat pasif
(sebagaimana contoh nomer 2)

4. Perhatikan pola kata ganti, setiap pergantian struktur kata ganti dari subjek dalam kalimat aktif
menjadi objek dalam kalimat pasif mengikuti pola perubahan kata ganti.
No Subject Object Meaning
1 I Me Saya
2 You You Kamu / Kalian
3 We Us Kami / Kita
4 They Them Mereka
5 She Her Dia (perempuan)
6 He Him Dia (laki – laki)
7 It It Benda/Binatang

Created by : Nugroho Dimas, S.Pd.

School : SMA Bina Insan Mandiri
Written for : Online Class in Zoom Cloudmeeting
 - Misal :
They visit me everyweek = Mereka menjemput saya setiap minggu
S V1 O T.S

I am visited by them everyweek = Saya dijemput oleh mereka setiap hari

S tobe+V3 O T.S

Rumus Kalimat Pasif

Contoh Soal
1. Shakespeare wrote a poem. -» A poem was written by Shakespeare.
Cara mengerjakan :
a. Analisis tenses dari kalimat aktif diatas – Simple past tense karena menggunakan Verb 2
“wrote” (write – wrote – written)
b. Rubah kalimat aktif simple past tense diatas menjadi bentuk pasif sesuai dengan rumus
(tobe+V3) perhatikan tobe sesuaikan dengan subjek kalimat - A poem (tunggal) – Was
c. Pindahkan posisi objek dalam kalimat aktif menjadi subjek dalam kalimat pasif begitupula
sebaliknya
d. Pindahkan posisi subjek dalam kalimat aktif menjadi objek dalam kalimat pasif
2. Waitresses and waiters serve the customers. -» The Customers are served by Waitresses and
Waiters
Cara mengerjakan :
a. Analisis tenses dari kalimat aktif diatas – Simple present tense karena menggunakan Verb 1
“serve” (serve – served – served)
b. Rubah kalimat aktif simple past tense diatas menjadi bentuk pasif sesuai dengan rumus
(tobe+V3) perhatikan tobe sesuaikan dengan subjek kalimat – The costumers (ada “s” = jamak)
sehingga menggunakan “are”

Created by : Nugroho Dimas, S.Pd.

School : SMA Bina Insan Mandiri
Written for : Online Class in Zoom Cloudmeeting
 c. Pindahkan posisi objek dalam kalimat aktif menjadi subjek dalam kalimat pasif begitupula
sebaliknya
d. Pindahkan posisi subjek dalam kalimat aktif menjadi objek dalam kalimat pasif

Change the active to passive

1. The teacher is going to explain the lesson.
2. Shirley has suggested a new idea.
3. Bill will invite Ann to the party.
4. Alex is preparing that report.
5. Two horses were pulling the farmer's wagon.
6. Kathy returned the book to the library.
7. Tomorrow, the president will make the announcement.
8. I did not write that note.
9. Alice did not make that pie.
10. Does Prof. Jackson teach that course?
11. Mrs. Andrews has not signed those papers yet.
12. Is Mr. Brown painting your house?

Change the passive to active.

1. That sentence was written by Omar.
2. Our papers are going to be collected by the teacher.
3. Was the electric light bulb invented by Thomas Edison?
4. The speed limit on Highway 5 isn't obeyed by most drivers.

TOEFL Challenge
1. Mela : Why do you prefer Surya Department store to others?
Noni : Because the items ____ at a reasonable price.
a. is sold d. were sold
b. are sold e. had been sold
c. was sold
Jawaban: B (konteks kalimat adalah simple present. Karena subjek items jamak maka to be yang
sesuai adalah are)

2. X : There was no longer a rule for the youth to enter military service in Britain.
Y : Really, when….?
a. was it abolishing d. was it to abolish
b. did it abolish e. to be abolished
c. was it abolished

3. Dita : When did the accident happen?

Dini : It ..... yesterday morning
a. was happened d. will be hapenned
b. were happened e. is hapenned
c. are happened

Created by : Nugroho Dimas, S.Pd.

School : SMA Bina Insan Mandiri
Written for : Online Class in Zoom Cloudmeeting