Pengolahan
Ekonomi Eksplorasi
Penambangan Bahan
Mineral Bahan Galian
Galian
Proses-proses geologi
utama yang mengontrol
pembentukan batuan.
Batuan
Beku
Pendinginan
dan Pelapukan
Kristalisasi Dan Erosi
Erupsi
Material dari
Gunung Api
Mantel (Lava)
Sedimen
Magma
Lebur Pengendapan
Dan Kompaksi
Batuan
Metamorf Batuan
Panas dan
Sedimen
Tekanan
Batupasir,
Batulanau,
Batulempung.
Batubara
TA-5103: Genesa Mineral : Pendahuluan
BATUAN SEDIMEN
23
Kondisi
Kondisi Tipe
Facies Lingkungan
P-T Metamorphism
Geologi
Low-T, High-P Blueschist
Subduction Zone
Low-T, Vey High-P Eclogite
Low-T, Low-P Greenschist
Regional
Moderate-T, Continental
Amphibole
Moderate/High-P collosion
High-T, High-P Granulite
Very Low-T, Very Low-P Zeolite Burial Sedimentary basin
Contact
High-T, Low-P Hornfels Contact
metamorphic
Elemen % Elemen %
Alumunium (Al) 8,130 Kobalt (Co) 0,0023000
Besi (Fe) 5,000 Timbal (Pb) 0,0016000
Magnesium (Mg) 2,090 Arsenik (As) 0,0005000
Titanium (Ti) 0,440 Uranium (U) 0,0004000
Mangan (Mn) 0,100 Molibdenum (Mo) 0,0002500
Kromiun (Cr) 0,020 Tungsten (W) 0,0001500
Vanadium (V) 0,015 Antimony (Sb) 0,0001000
Zink (Zn) 0,011 Air Raksa (Hg) 0,0000500
Nikel (Ni) 0,008 Perak (Ag) 0,0000100
Tembaga (Cu) 0,005 Emas (Au) 0,0000005
Timah (Sn) 0,004 Platinum (Pt) 0,0000005
100 µm
50 µm
Goethite and covellite are present in trace amounts in the shallow level of the
Ciurug and Ciurug Utara veins
TA-5103: Genesa Mineral : Pendahuluan
Mineral-mineral pembawa logam
(Sumber : Jensen & Bateman, 1981)
44
Mineral %
Logam Komposisi Primer Supergene
Bijih Logam
Gold (emas) Native gold Au 100 x x
Calaverite AuTe2 39 x x
Sylvanite (Au,Ag)Te2 - x
Silver (Perak) Native silver Ag 100 x x
Argentite Ag2S 87 x x
Cerargyrite AgCl 75 x
Iron (Besi) Magnetite FeO.Fe2O3 72 x x
Hematite Fe2O3 70 x x
Limonite Fe2O3.H2O 60 x
Siderite FeCO3 48 x