➢ Tantangan penting bagi para klinisi untuk mampu mendeteksi dini MCI
ini (Sanford, 2017).
Estimasi prevalensi MCI
30-50%
MCI MCI
12-18% U> 65 tahun Demensia
Demensia
32%
➢ metabolik sindrom,
➢ obesitas
(Fiorini, 2020)
III. Patofisiologi
2. Intervensi nonfarmakologis
❖ Olahraga
1. Program olahraga aerobic intensitas sedang selama 60 menit/minggu
selama 16 minggu dapat meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dan memperbaiki
kualitas hidup pada kelompok umur usia lanjut dengan MCI (Song, 2019).
VI. Tatalaksana
2. Intervensi nonfarmakologis
❖ Olahraga
2. Resistance training dengan elastic band HSPT (very low tension) dan
LSST (high tension) secara signifikan meningkatkan level fungsi kognitif,
fisik dan kekuatan otot dibanding kontrol pasca 3 bulan latihan dengan
waktu 60 menit tiap sesi dalam 2x/minggu. Resistance training dengan
elastic band HSPT lebih efisien dibanding menggunakan elastic band LSST
(Yoon et al, 2016).
VI. Tatalaksana
2. Intervensi nonfarmakologis
❖ Olahraga
3. Resistance training secara signifikan meningkatkan fungsi kognitif,
kekuatan otot, dan kapasitas aerobik pasca 6 bulan latihan dengan
waktu 60-100 menit tiap sesi dalam 2-3x/minggu (Mavros et al, 2017).
2. Intervensi nonfarmakologis
❖ Diet Mediteranian
Pada pasien MCI yang diberikan diet Modified Mediterranian-
ketogenic diet (MMKD) dapat memodulasi spesifik mikrobia usus yang
berhubungan dengan perbaikan biomarker Alzheimer disease di CSF
(Nagpal et al, 2019).
V. Perspektif lama dan perspektif baru : E. Electroacupuncture
3. Intervensi farmakologis
❖ Herbal dan suplemen nutrisi
- EGB 761
3. Intervensi farmakologis
❖ Herbal dan suplemen nutrisi
- Suplemen multinutrien
Asupan nutrisi minyak ikan, docosahexaenoic acid dan
eicosapentaenoic acid mempunya efek untuk menurunkan risiko AD.
Transmisi neuronal dan regulasi eksitabilitas membran neuronal dapat
meningkat dengan konsumsi asam lemak omega 3 rantai panjang sehingga
efektif diberikan pada MCI dan AD tahap awal.(Roman et al, 2019).
VI. Tatalaksana
3. Intervensi farmakologis
- Aducanumab (Branded name : Aduhelm)
7 Juni 2021 FDA baru saja secara resmi mengumumkan obat
terbaru untuk Alzheimer’s Disease yang bernama Aducanumab.
Aducanumab sebagai obat pertama yang bekerja pada patofisiologi AD
dengan cara bekerja langsung pada plak amyloid beta, Aducanemab
melewati uji klinis tahap 3 sebanyak 2 kali dimana hasil pertama itu
menunjukkan adanya perbaikan fungsi klinis dan uji yang kedua tidak
ditemukan adanya perbaikan fungsi klinis, tetapi secara konsisten
Aducanemab selalu menunjukkan adanya penurunkan dari level plak
amyloid beta yang ada di otak pasien AD, dimana dengan menurunnya
level plak amyloid beta ini diharapkan dapat membantu perbaikan klinis
pasien (Cavazzoni, 2021).
VII. Prognosis
➢ Konsep baru prediksi prognosis MCI saat ini masih menggunakan penilaian
subtipe MCI amnestic dan non amnestic yang sangat penting dan jumlah total
domain yang terpengaruh.
➢ Studi terbaru melaporkan bahwa MCI tipe amnestik sebagai prediktor yang
signifikan dibanding MCI non amnestic untuk terjadinya perburukan
menjadi demensia dalam waktu 2 tahun (Glynn et al, 2020).
VII. Prognosis
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VIII. Daftar pustaka
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impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan : The EMCIT study’, Journal of the
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VIII. Daftar pustaka
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