FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN

JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN

Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN......................................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................................................................. ii
DAFTAR ISI................................................................................................................................................. 1
DAFTAR TABEL......................................................................................................................................... 6
DAFTAR GAMBAR.................................................................................................................................... 7
DATA KAPAL.............................................................................................................................................. 9
I.1. Data Kapal............................................................................................................. 9
BAB I PENDAHULUAN............................................................................................................................ 10
1.1 Latar Belakang.....................................................................................................10
1.2 Pokok Bahasan.....................................................................................................10
1.3 Tujuan...................................................................................................................11
1.4 Metodologi...........................................................................................................11
1.5 Regulasi................................................................................................................13
BAB II MENENTUKAN UKURAN UTAMA........................................................................................ 14
2.1 Owner Requirement............................................................................................14
2.2 Data kapal pembanding......................................................................................15
2.3 Penyusunan dan penentuan ukuran utama......................................................17
2.4 Perhitungan Koefisien Utama Kapal..................................................................19
2.5 Perhitungan Regresi............................................................................................20
2.6 Perhitungan Coeffisien........................................................................................24
2.7 Perhitungan Hambatan kapal.............................................................................26
2.6.1 Viscous Resistance........................................................................................26
2.6.2 Appendages Resistance.................................................................................28
2.6.3 Wave Making Resistance..............................................................................31
2.6.4 Model Ship Correlation Allowance...............................................................33
2.8 Perhitungan Propulsive Efficiency.....................................................................39
2.9 Perkiraan Daya Motor Induk..............................................................................44
2.9.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................44
2.9.2 Perhitungan Daya dan Pemilihan Motor Induk.............................................44
2.10 Perhitungan Jumlah Crew (ABK).......................................................................46

TUGAS MERANCANG I 1
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

2.9.1 Perhitungan Jumlah Crew (ABK)..................................................................46

2.11 Perhitungan Massa dan Titik Pusat Massa Dwt................................................48
2.11.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................48
2.11.2 Perhitungan Berat Crew dan Consummable..................................................48
2.11.3 Perhitungan Titik Berat Crew dan Consumable............................................54
2.12 Perhitungan Massa dan Titikpusat Massa Lwt.................................................62
2.12.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................62
2.12.2 Perhitungan Berat Baja Kapal.......................................................................63
2.12.3 Perhitungan Berat Peralatan (Equipment and Outfit)....................................71
2.12.4 Titik Berat E & O..........................................................................................77
2.12.5 Perhitungan Berat Permesinan.......................................................................79
2.12.6 Perhitungan Titik Berat LWT........................................................................84
2.13 Perhitungan Berat dan Titik Berat Gabungan LWT + DWT.............................86
2.12.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................86
2.12.2 Berat Peralatan...............................................................................................87
2.12.3 Berat Permesinan...........................................................................................87
2.12.4 Berat total......................................................................................................87
2.12.5 KG total = ( Wx * KGx )/( displacement ).................................................87
2.12.6 LCG total = ( Wx * LCGx )/ ( displacement )...........................................87
2.14 Perhitungan Margin Displasemen......................................................................89
2.15 Perhitungan Freeboard.......................................................................................89
2.15.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................89
2.15.2 Input Data yang Dibutuhkan..........................................................................90
2.15.3 Perhitungan....................................................................................................90
2.16 Perhitungan Kapasitas Ruang Muat ( Hold Capacity ).....................................97
2.16.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................97
2.16.2 Input Data yang Dibutuhkan..........................................................................97
2.16.3 Perhitungan Volume Kapal Dibawah Upper Deck........................................97
2.16.4 Perhitungan Volume Untuk Ruang Mesin, Tangki-Tangki, dll....................98
2.17 Perhitungan Stabilitas Utuh................................................................................102
2.17.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................102
2.17.2 Perhitungan Stabilitas Utuh...........................................................................102
2.17.3 Pengecekan Stabilitas Utuh...........................................................................110
2.18 Perhitungan Tonase Kapal..................................................................................121

TUGAS MERANCANG I 2
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

2.18.1 Pendahuluan...................................................................................................121
2.18.2 Perhitungan Tonase Kapal.............................................................................121
2.19 Ukuran Utama Optimum.....................................................................................124
BAB III RENCANA GARIS (LINES PLAN)......................................................................................... 125
3.1 Pendahuluan........................................................................................................125
3.2 Data Utama Kapal................................................................................................126
3.3 Pembuatan Rencana Garis..................................................................................126
3.4 Bentuk Haluan dan Buritan................................................................................134
3.5 Propeller Clearence.............................................................................................134
3.6 Bentuk Station U dan V.......................................................................................136
3.7 Tinggi Camber......................................................................................................136
3.8 Perencanaan Panjang dan Tinggi Superstructure............................................137
BAB IV RENCANA UMUM (GENERAL ARRANGEMENT)..........................................................171
4.1 Pendahuluan........................................................................................................169
4.2 Data Utama Kapal................................................................................................171
4.3 Penentuan Panjang Konstruksi (LKonstruksi).........................................................171
4.4 Penentuan Jarak Gading......................................................................................172
4.5 Tinggi Double Bottom.........................................................................................172
4.6 Perencanaan Sekat Kedap..................................................................................172
4.7 Perencanaan Tangga Samping ke Darat (Tangga Akomodasi)........................174
4.8 Perencanaan Tangki dan Ruang Muat...............................................................174
4.8.1 Tangki Bahan Bakar (Fuel Oil).....................................................................174
4.8.2 Tangki Minyak Pelumas................................................................................175
4.8.3 Tangki Limbah (Sewage Tank).....................................................................175
4.8.4 Tangki Air Tawar..........................................................................................175
4.8.5 Tangki Ballast................................................................................................175
4.8.6 Ruang Muat...................................................................................................176
4.9 Perencanaan Pintu..............................................................................................176
4.9.1 Pintu baja kedap cuaca (ship water tight steel door).....................................176
4.9.2 Pintu baja tidak kedap cuaca (ship non water tight steel door).....................176
4.9.3 Pintu baja kabin berlubang (ship cabin steel hollow door)............................177
4.10 Perencanaan Jendela...........................................................................................177
4.11 Perencanaan Ruang Akomodasi.........................................................................177
4.11.1 Sleeping Room (Ruang Tidur)......................................................................178

TUGAS MERANCANG I 3
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

4.11.2 Mess Room (Ruang Makan)..........................................................................179

4.11.3 Sanitary Accomodation.................................................................................180
4.11.4 Hospital Accomodation.................................................................................181
4.11.5 Ship’s Office (Kantor)...................................................................................181
4.11.6 Dry Provision Store Room............................................................................181
4.11.7 Cold Store Room...........................................................................................181
4.11.8 Galley (Dapur)...............................................................................................182
4.11.9 Perencanaan Navigation Room (Ruang Navigasi)........................................182
4.11.10 Ruangan Lainnya.......................................................................................183
4.12 Lampu Navigasi...................................................................................................184
4.12.1 Anchor Light ( lampu jangkar ).....................................................................184
4.12.2 Mast Head Light............................................................................................184
4.12.3 Side Light ( lampu samping )........................................................................185
4.12.4 Stern Light ( lampu Belakang ).....................................................................185
4.12.5 Red Light.......................................................................................................185
4.12.6 Lampu Navigasi Lainnya...............................................................................185
4.13 Peralatan Navigasi Lainnya................................................................................186
4.13.1 Bell.................................................................................................................186
4.13.2 Fog Horn (Terompet Kabut)..........................................................................186
4.13.3 Black Ball (Bola Jangkar)..............................................................................186
4.13.4 Kompas Magnetik..........................................................................................186
4.13.5 Pengukur Kedalaman (Depth Sounder Gear)................................................187
4.14 Perencanaan Alat-alat Keselamatan..................................................................187
4.15 Peralatan Labuh serta Perlengkapannya..........................................................190
4.16 Jangkar.................................................................................................................192
4.17 Rantai Jangkar......................................................................................................193
4.18 Hawse Pipe...........................................................................................................194
4.19 Chain Locker........................................................................................................194
4.20 Windlass...............................................................................................................195
4.21 Bollard..................................................................................................................197
4.22 Fair Lead and Chock............................................................................................197
4.23 Warping Winch and Capstan..............................................................................198
4.24 Perencanaan Rudder (Daun Kemudi)................................................................198
4.24.1 Luas Daun Kemudi........................................................................................198

TUGAS MERANCANG I 4
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

4.24.2 Rudder Force.................................................................................................200

4.24.3 Rudder Torque...............................................................................................201
4.24.4 Mesin Steering Gear......................................................................................202
DAFTAR PUSTAKA................................................................................................................................... 205
LAMPIRAN................................................................................................................................................... 206

TUGAS MERANCANG I 5
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.2.1. Data Kapal Pembanding ......................................................................................... 16

Tabel 2.6.1 Koefisien Cstern........................................................................................................... 27

Tabel 2.6.2 Harga effective form factor .................................................................................... 30

Tabel 9.1 Titik berat crew per ruang akomodasi................................................................... 50

Tabel 2.12.1 Interpolasi Fo/Fu...................................................................................................... 67

Tabel 2.12.2 Asumsi panjang dan lebar deck house ............................................................ 67

Tabel 2.15.1 Tinggi Standart dan Koreksi bangunan Atas ................................................ 92

Tabel 2.15.2 Pengurangan Freeboard ....................................................................................... 92

Tabel 2.17.1 Harga GG’ sin , b1.sin 2, b2.sin 4, b3.sin 6 tiap sudut........................... 109
Tabel 4.2.1 Data Ukuran Utama Kapal....................................................................................... 171

Tabel 4.16.1 Dimensi Jangkar........................................................................................................ 192

Tabel 4.17.1 Ukuran dan urutan rantai jangkar..................................................................... 193

Tabel 4.24.1 Perencanaan Dimensi Rudder............................................................................. 199

TUGAS MERANCANG I 6
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.5.1. Perbandingan Lpp Terhadap DWT ............................................................... 21

Gambar 2.5.2 Perbandingan B Terhadap DWT....................................................................... 22

Gambar 2.5.3 Perbandingan T terhadap DWT........................................................................ 22

Gambar 2.5.4 Perbandingan H terhadap DWT....................................................................... 23

Gambar 2.6.1 Perbandingan Cb dengan Fn.............................................................................. 29

Gambar 2.6.2 Grafik Pengaruh Cb dan Fn terhadap Pemakaian Bulbous Bow......... 29

Gambar 2.15.1 Prosentase Pengurangan Untuk kapal Tipe "A"...................................... 93

Gambar 2.15.2 Prosentase Pengurangan Untuk Kapal "B"................................................ 93

Gambar 2.16.1 Sekat Tubrukan (Collision Bulkhead)......................................................... 99

Gambar 3.3.1 Kapal Acuan dari Sample Design "Ship 2"..................................................... 126

Gambar 3.3.2 Penyesuaian Ukuran Utama dengan Size Surface....................................... 127

Gambar 3.3.3 Penyesuaian sarat dan Lpp dengan Frame of Reference.......................... 128

Gambar 3.3.4 Penyesuaian elemen hidrostatis dengan Calculate Hydrostatics......... 129

Gambar 3.3.5 Input Cb dan penetapan konstrain dengan Parametric

Transformation.......................................................................................................................................... 130
Gambar 3.3.6 Penyesuaian control point pada proyeksi body plan................................. 131

Gambar 3.3.7 Penyesuaian control point pada proyeksi sheer plan................................ 131

Gambar 3.3.8 Penyesuaian control point pada proyeksi half breadth plan................. 132

Gambar 3.3.9 Hasil export proyeksi body plan pada AutoCad.......................................... 133

Gambar 3.3.10 Hasil export proyeksi sheer plan pada AutoCad...................................... 133

Gambar 3.3.11 Hasil export proyeksi half breadth plan pada AutoCad........................ 134

Gambar 3.5.1Jarak AP Minimum Propeller.............................................................................. 135

Gambar 3.8.1 Linespalan....................................................................................................................... 137

Gambar 4.9.1 Pintu baja kabin berlubang................................................................................ 165

Gambar 4.13.1 Totally Enclosed Lifeboat................................................................................. 188

TUGAS MERANCANG I 7
K.M. “BIMASENA”
 FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
JURUSAN TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111
Telp : 031 594 7254, Fax : 031 596 4182
Email :kapal@its.ac.id
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Hesty Anita Kurniawati M.Sc

Gambar 4.15.1 Tabel 18.2 pada Section 18, BKI Vol II ....................................................... 191

Gambar 4.16.2 Jangkar Tipe Stockless Anchor....................................................................... 193

Gambar 4.17.1 Ukuran dan urutan rantai jangkar................................................................ 193

Gambar 4.21.1 Bollard ..................................................................................................................... 197

Gambar 4.23.1 Warping winch........................................................................................................... 198

TUGAS MERANCANG I 8
K.M. “BIMASENA”