PENGETAHUAN, ILMU

DAN TEKNOLOGI
 BUMI YANG “MENCIUT”

1500 - 1840
1850- 1930
1950-an
1960-an
1976
2010

Sub-orbital
Supersonic >3500 mph
>1450 mph
Jet
Propeler penumpang
kapal uap 700 mph
pesawat
30 mph
Kecepatan kapal 400 mph
laut
10 mph
 3-BENTUK INTERAKSI GLOBAL

MOSAIK

NETWORK

SISTEM
DUNIA YG BERUBAH:
THE GLOBAL STAGE
 JARAK ANTARA PENEMUAN DENGAN
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI SEMAKIN PENDEK
YANG TUMBUH DAN YANG MATI BERSAMA
KEMAJUAN TEKNOLOGI

Kamera
70
digital
60
50
40
30
20 Kamera
film
10
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Pengiriman kamera di dunia: Dalam Kenichi Ohmae, The Next

Global Stage, Gramedia, Jakarta, 2005.
PETA HUB GLOBAL
(LINGKARAN)
 SKOR UNTUK GLOBAL HUB SECARA
BERURUTAN
No. Score N0. Score
1. 16 Silicon Valley, US 24. 11 Hsinchu, Taiwan (province of China)
2. 15 Boston, US 25. 10 Virginia, US
3. 15 Stockholm-Kista, Sweden 26. 10 Thames Valley, UK
4. 15 Israel 27. 10 Paris, France
5. 14 Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, US 28. 10 Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
6. 14 London, UK 29. 10 Oulu, Finland
7. 14 Helsinki, Finland 30. 10 Melbourne, Australia
8. 13 Austin, US 31. 9 Chicago, US
9. 13 San Francisco, US 32. 9 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
10. 13 Taipei, Taiwan (province of China) 33. 9 Queensland, Australia
11. 13 Bangalore, India 34. 9 Sao Paulo, Brazil
12. 12 New York City, US 45. 8 Salt Lake City, US
13. 12 Albuquerque, US 46. 8 Santa Fe, US
14. 12 Montreal, Canada 37. 8 Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
15. 12 Seattle, US 38. 8 Saxony, Germany
16. 12 Cambridge, UK 39. 8 Sophia Antipolis, France
17. 12 Dublin, Ireland 40. 8 Inchon, Rep. of Korea
18. 11 Los Angeles, US 41. 8 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
19. 11 Malmo, Sweden– Copenhagen, Denmark 42. 8 Campinas, Brazil
20. 11 Bavaria, Germany 43. 7 Singapore
21. 11 Flanders, Belgium 44. 6 Trondheim, Norway
22. 11 Tokyo, Japan 45. 4 El Ghazala, Tunisia
23. 11 Kyoto, Japan 46. 4 Gauteng, South Africa
 POSTUR PITEK NASIONAL
1

2 3

4 5

KOREA MALAYSIA SINGAPURA

SELATAN

INDONESIA

THAILAND 1. Anggaran riset

2. Pemakai Internet
Sumber: UNDP, Human
3. Pemakai seluler
Development Report 2006, UNDP, 4. Jumlah Peneliti
Oxford University Press, New 5. Rasio Ekspor Teknologi Menengah
York, 2006. dan Tinggi
 PELAJARAN
 Perkembangan Pitek sangat cepat.
 Bukan hanya semakin mudah digunakan, tetapi juga
merembes masuk ke wilayah sosial-budaya masyarakat
dan mempengaruhi perilaku publik.
 Daya saing ekonomi-industri sangat bergantung kepada
penguasaan Pitek.
 Karenanya penguasaan Pitek menjadi sesuatu yang mutlak
dan tidak bisa ditawar lagi.
 Meaning context High levels of
independent understanding

Wisdom Requires brain power

Knowledge

Information Requires processing

power
Data
Meaning totally Low level of
context dependent understanding
 Working Definitions

Data : Raw Facts

Information : Data in a context relevant
to an individual, team, or
organization

Knowledge : an individual’s utilization of information and data

complemented by his/her unarticulated expertise, skills,
competencies, ideas, intuitions, experience, and motivations.

-- Explicit Knowledge - can be expressed in words or numbers,

formally recorded and shared as data, documents,
& reports
-- Tacit Knowledge - highly personal, hard to formalize, or share
- Technical skills & crafts
- Cognitive perceptions, beliefs, mental models
 D, I, K, Transition

Add Value Transformed

DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE
by by

Analysis Contextualisation
Correlating Experience
Summarizing Interpretation
Discussion
CONTOH :

Perbedaan
Data – Informasi – Knowledge

Data : dua putih

Informasi : 2 mg bubuk putih

Knowledge : dalam amplop mencurigakan,

kemungkinan Heroin atau
Anthrax, lakukan sesuatu,
telepon polisi!!
 MENGAPA KNOWLEDGE?
DEPRESIASI AKIBAT KEGIATAN MANUSIA DAN
SUMBERDAYA ALAM (%GDP)

20

18

16

14
12

10
8

6
4

2
0
84
85
86

91
92
93

98
99
00
80
81
82
83

87
88
89
90

94
95
96
97
19

19

19
19
19
19
19

19
19
19
19
19
19

19
19
19
19
19
19

19
20
Pro duc ed as s ets de prec iation Tota l n atur al r es our c e depletion
Oil an d gas depletion Other non -r enew able d epletion
Renew able ( f or es t) re s ouc e depletio n
 MENGAPA KNOWLEDGE?
KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN
(% GNP)

3 .5

2 .5

1 .5

0 .5

0
80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00
19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

20
En v ir o n m e n ta l d e g r a d a tio n
En v . D e g r a d a tio n ( lo c a l)
En v . D e g r a d a tio n ( g lo b a l, C O 2 )
20

18

16

14
12

10
8

6
4

2
0

84
85
86

91
92
93

98
99
00
80
81
82
83

87
88
89
90

94
95
96
97
19

19

19
19
19
19
19

19
19
19
19
19
19

19
19
19
19
19
19

19
20
Pro duc ed as s ets de prec iation Tota l n atur al r es our c e depletion
Oil an d gas depletion Other non -r enew able d epletion
Renew able ( f or es t) re s ouc e depletio n
 EMPAT MODEL PERUBAHAN
KNOWLEDGE

1. Sosialisasi (tacit ke tacit):

Membagi pemahaman dan pengalaman

2. Eksternalisasi (tacit ke explicit):

tacit membentuk metaphora, analogi, konsep,
hypothesis, model

3. Combination (explicit ke explicit):

knowledge adalah kombinasi dan sistematis

4. Internalisasi (explicit ke tacit):

Internalisasi knowledge adalah siap pakai.. ..operasional
Organizational Knowledge Conversion
Process (Nonaka & Takeuchi,1995)

Explicit

Externalization Combination

Tacit Explicit

Socialization Internalization

Tacit
KNOWLEDGE -SCIENCE -
TECHNOLOGY
System

Input Output
SCIENCE
Information Information
& &
Knowledge Knowledge

Input Output
TECHNOLOGY
Information Products & Processes
&
Knowledge By-product

Information
&
Knowledge
…Guardian (2002)..