ANALISIS KESADAHAN
Nama : zakiatunufus
Kelas :XII KA 1
Kelompok :......................................
Tanggal :......................................
Petunjuk Pelaksanaan diskusi dan Praktik
1. Isilah terlebih dahulu identitas pada kolom yang disediakan.
2. Pelajarilah terlebih dahulu materi/bahan ajar mengenai Kesadahan samel air
3. Setiap peserta didik wajib berpartisipasi aktif dalam diskusi untuk menambah poin.
4. Kerjakan dengan teliti.
5. Lembar kerja ini dikerjakan sesuai waktu yang ditentukan guru.
Tujuan :
1. Setelah proses pembelajara, peserta didik mampu mengidentifikasi sumber kesadahan pada air.
2. Setelah proses pembelajara, peserta didik mampu mendeskripsikan pengaruh kesadahan pada air.
3. Setelah proses pembelajara, peserta didik mampu mengidentifikasi macam-macam kesadahan pada air.
4. Setelah proses pembelajaran, peserta didik mampu mengurutkan tahapan prosedur dalam penentuan kesadahan
air.
5. Setelah proses pembelajaran melalui praktik, peserta didik mampu menghitung kesadahan berdasarkan data
titrasi kompleksometri.
Kegiatan Awal
Kegiatan Inti
2. Pertanyaan apa yang timbul dibenak anda setelah melihat dua gambar diatas?
Jawab :
Bisakah kita menghilangkan scaling yang terbentuk pada pipa? Jika bisa bagaimana metode yang tepat untuk
menghilangkannya?
Mengapa air yang mengandung sadah membuat sabun yang seharusnya berbusa menjadi tidak berbusa ?
Apa factor yang menyebabkan gelas kaca membentuk bercak putih seperti gambar diatas ?
Apa yang menyebabkan saluran air pada gambar diatas berkerak? Bisakah kita menghilangkan keraknya?
3. Jelaskan apakah yang menjadi sumber kesadahan pada air?
Jawab :
sumber kesadahan dalam air disebabkan oleh adanya Ion-ion logam terlarut seperti, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+,
Kesadahan/hardnes yang tinggi disebabkan karena tingginya kadar Ca2+ and Mg2+ dalam air. Biasanya didaerah
berkapur airnya mempunyai kesadahan/hardnes yang tinggi. Kesadahan juga dapat disebabkan adanya ion-ion lain
dari polyvalent metal (logam bervalensi banyak) seperti Al, Fe, Mn, Sr dan Zn dalam bentuk garam sulfat, klorida
dan bikarbonat dalam jumlah kecil.
TOTAL HARDNESS
9. Sebutkan dan jelaskan satuan kesadahan yang umum digunakan dalam menentukan nlai kesadahan suatu
sampel, tuliskan juga rumus perhitungannya?
Jawab :
Kesadahan Umum atau General Hardness merupakan ukuran yang menunjukkan jumlah ion kalsium (Ca² +) dan
ion magnesium (Mg²+) dalam air. Ion-ion lain sebenarnya ikut pula mempengaruhi nilai GH, akan tetapi
pengaruhnya diketahui sangat kecil dan relatif sulit diukur sehingga diabaikan.Kesadahan umum (GH) pada
umumnya dinyatakan dalam satuan ppm (part per million/satu persejuta bagian) Kalsium karbonat (CaCO3),
tingkat kekerasan (dH), atau dengan menggunakan konsentrasi molar CaCO3. Satu satuan kesadahan jerman
atau dH sama dengan 10 mg CaO (kalsium oksida) perliter air. Kesadahan pada umumnya menggunakan satuan
ppm CaCO3, dengan demikian satu satuan jerman (dH) dapat diekspresikan sebagai 17.8 ppm CaCO3.
Sedangkan satuan konsentrasi molar dari 1 mili ekuivalen = 2,8 dH = 50 ppm.
Rumus Perhitungan :
1. Kesadahan Total
Ppm CaCO3 = M EDTA × Mr CaCO3 × V Titrasi
______________________________× 1000 ppm
V sampel
2. Kesadahan Tetap
Mg CaCO3 V Titrasi × Mr CaCO3 × M EDTA × FP
___________ = ____________________________________
L V Sampel
10. Carilah prosedur analisis kesadahan total, kesadahan tetap, kesadahan Ca dan kesadahan Mg di internet atau
literatur lain, kemudian buatlah diagram blok/skema analisis untuk masing metode tersebut.
a. Analisis kesadahan total
Menitrasi dengan
Catat volume
larutan EDTA hingga
lakukan secara duplo larutan yang
berubah dari merah
digunakan
muda menjadi biru
Menentukan
konsentrasi kalium
karbonat (CaCO3)
v mL air yg
pipet 25
Menentukan
dianalisa kemudian lakukan titrasi
konsentrasi
masukkan ke secara duplo
kalsium (Ca)
dalam erlenmeyer
d. Analisis kesdahan Mg
Mencatat volume
titrasi yang digunakan
11. Jelaskan fungsi masing-masing pereaksi yang digunakan dalam analisis kesadahan tersebut?
Jawab :
Analisis Kesadahan Total
a. Larutan penyangga (larutan buffer) : larutan yang dapat mempertahankan nilai pH larutan agar tidak terjadi
perubahan pH yang berarti oleh karena penambahan asam atau basa maupun pengenceran.
b. Indikator EBT :digunakan sebagai indikator pembentuk kompleks
c. Larutan EDTA: digunakan sebagai titran
Analisis Kesadahan Tetap
a. Indikator MO : digunakan untuk mengetahui titik akhir titrasi
b. Larutan H2SO4 : digunakan sebagai titran
Analisis Kesadahan Ca
a. Larutan NaOH: digunaka untuk membentuk suasana basa
b. Indikator Murexid : mampu membentuk sebuah ikatan kompleks dengan logam
c. Larutan EDTA : digunaka sebagai titran
Analisis Kesadahan Mg
a. Buffer : untuk mempertahankan pH larutan (sampel) terhadap penambahan asam atau basa pada pH 10
b. Indikator EBT :digunakan sebagai indikator pembentuk kompleks
c. Larutan EDTA : digunakan sebagai titran
12. Siapkan sampel air dari tempat tinggal kalian masing-masing lalu lakukanlah analisis kesadahan dengan
metode titrasi kompleksometri, lakukan secara duplo/triplo untuk setiap sampelnya.
Nama sampel: ..........................................................................................................................................................
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13. Lakukanlah standarisasi larutan EDTA yang akan kalian gunakan. Tuliskan prosedur standarisasi EDTA?
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14. Catat data pengamatan yang kalian peroleh pada tabel berkut ini
Data pengamatan dan perhitungan
a. Standarisasi EDTA
Titrasi ke Volume larutan standar primer yang digunakan Vol titar (vol AgNO3)
1
2
3
Konsenrasi larutan standar primer yang digunakan:
masa x 1000
N= ,
BST x V
Konsentrasi AG NO3:
N x V larutan standar primer
N AgNO 3= ,
V AgNO 3
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b. Analisis kesadahan total
Nyatakan nilai kesadahannya dalam derajat kesadahan german, prancis, inggris dan amerika
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d. Analisis kesadahan Ca
Titrasi ke Vol sampel Vol titar
1
2
3
Nyatakan nilai kesadahannya dalam derajat kesadahan german, prancis, inggris dan amerika
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Kesimpulan
Berdasarkan hasil analisis apakah yang menjadi sumber kesadahan pada sampel air kalian?
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Berapa nilai kesadahan total, tetap, sementara, kesadahan Ca dan kesadahan Mg pada sampel air kalian?
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Apakah masih dalam batas aman, bila tidak jelaskan apa pengaruhnya terhadap kehidupan manusia?
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