16 August 2018

KERANGKA ACUAN (KA)

Analisis Dampak Lingkungan

Rencana Penambangan Emas
PT. ABC
REPORT
Daftar Isi

1.0 PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penambangan Emas ................................................................................................... 4

1.2.1 Tujuan Penambangan ............................................................................................................................. 4

1.2.2 Manfaat Kegiatan Pertambangan ........................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Peraturan dan Perundangan ........................................................................................................................ 4

1.3.1 Undang-Undang...................................................................................................................................... 4

1.3.2 Peraturan Pemerintah RI ........................................................................................................................ 6

1.3.3 Keputusan Presiden................................................................................................................................ 8

1.3.4 Peraturan Menteri, Keputusan Menteri dan Keputusan Kepala BAPEDAL ............................................. 8

1.3.5 Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Utara .................................................................................................. 10

2.0 LINGKUP STUDI ..................................................................................................................................................... 11

2.1 Lingkup Rencana Kegiatan......................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.1 Deskripsi Umum.................................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.1.1 Status Studi AMDAL .......................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.1.2 Wilayah Kontrak Karya dan Lokasi Tambang .................................................................................... 11

2.1.1.3 Alternatif-alternatif yang Akan Dikaji Di Dalam ANDAL ..................................................................... 11

2.1.1.4 Lokasi Kegiatan dan Kaitannya dengan Tata Ruang ......................................................................... 12

2.1.1.5 Hubungan antara lokasi penambangaan dengan sumberdaya dan kegiatan lain di
sekitarnya .......................................................................................................................................... 12

2.1.2 Uraian Singkat Rencana Kegiatan ........................................................................................................ 13

2.1.2.1 Lokasi Rencana Kegiatan dan Aksesibilitas ...................................................................................... 13

2.1.2.2 Areal Penambangan, Fasilitas dan Infrastruktur yang akan dibangun ............................................... 13

2.1.2.3 Kondisi Geologi Regional dan Lokal .................................................................................................. 14

2.1.2.4 Kapasitas Produksi dan Kualitas Kadar Emas (Au content) .............................................................. 15

2.1.2.5 Sistem Penambangan ....................................................................................................................... 16

2.1.2.6 Deskripsi penanganan proyek dan struktur organisasinya ................................................................ 17

2.1.3 Tahapan Kegiatan ................................................................................................................................. 19

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2.1.3.1 Tahapan Pra-Konstruksi .................................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3.1.1 Eksplorasi....................................................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3.1.2 Sosialisasi ...................................................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3.1.3 Pembebasan Lahan ....................................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3.1.4 Alih Fungsi Lahan........................................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3.1.5 Relokasi Penduduk ........................................................................................................................ 19

2.1.3.1.6 Perekrutan Tenaga Kerja Konstruksi.............................................................................................. 20

2.1.3.2 Tahap Konstruksi............................................................................................................................... 20

2.1.3.2.1 Mobilisasi Tenaga Kerja Konstruksi ............................................................................................... 20

2.1.3.2.2 Mobilisasi Peralatan dan Material Bangunan ................................................................................. 20

2.1.3.2.3 Pembukaan dan Pembersihan Lahan ............................................................................................ 21

2.1.3.2.4 Pembangunan Infrastruktur Jalan .................................................................................................. 21

2.1.3.2.5 Pembangunan Sarana dan Prasarana Produksi ............................................................................ 22

2.1.3.2.6 Pelepasan Tenaga Kerja Konstruksi .............................................................................................. 24

2.1.3.2.7 Penerimaan Tenaga Kerja Operasi ................................................................................................ 24

2.1.3.3 Tahap Operasi Penambangan........................................................................................................... 26

2.1.3.3.1 Pengupasan Tanah Pucuk (Top Soil) dan Penempatannya........................................................... 26

2.1.3.3.2 Penggalian Batuan Penutup (Over Burden) dan Penempatannya ................................................. 26

2.1.3.3.3 Penambangan dan Pengangkutan Bijih ......................................................................................... 27

2.1.3.3.4 Penirisan (Dewatering) Lubang Tambang ...................................................................................... 27

2.1.3.3.5 Pengolahan Bijih ............................................................................................................................ 27

2.1.3.3.6 Pengelolaan Sirsat (Tailing Management) ..................................................................................... 31

2.1.3.3.7 Pelaksanaan Program Community Development ........................................................................... 33

2.1.3.3.8 Pelepasan Tenaga Kerja Operasi .................................................................................................. 33

2.1.3.4 Tahap Pasca-Operasi Penambangan ............................................................................................... 33

2.1.3.4.1 Pembongkaran Sarana dan Prasarana Tambang dan Produksi .................................................... 33

2.1.3.4.2 Reklamasi Lahan dan Revegetasi .................................................................................................. 33

2.1.3.4.3 Pengelolaan dan Pemantauan Lahan Bekas Tambang ................................................................. 33

2.2 Lingkup Rona Lingkungan Awal ................................................................................................................. 34

2.2.1 Iklim, Kualitas Udara, Kebisingan dan Getaran..................................................................................... 34

2.2.1.1 Iklim ................................................................................................................................................... 34

2.2.1.2 Kualitas Udara, Kebisingan dan Geratan .......................................................................................... 37

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2.2.2 Fisiografi dan Geomorfologi .................................................................................................................. 37

2.2.3 Geologi dan Hidro-geologi .................................................................................................................... 38

2.2.4 Kesuburan Tanah ................................................................................................................................. 42

2.2.5 Hidrologi dan Kualitas Air ...................................................................................................................... 47

2.2.5.1 Hidrologi ............................................................................................................................................ 47

2.2.5.2 Kualitas Air Sungai ............................................................................................................................ 47

2.2.6 Tata Ruang dan Transportasi ............................................................................................................... 49

2.2.6.1 Tata Ruang ........................................................................................................................................ 49

2.2.6.2 Transportasi....................................................................................................................................... 51

2.2.7 Flora dan Fauna.................................................................................................................................... 52

2.2.7.1 Flora .................................................................................................................................................. 52

2.2.7.2 Fauna ................................................................................................................................................ 54

2.2.7.2.1 Fauna darat ................................................................................................................................... 54

2.2.7.2.2 Biota Air.......................................................................................................................................... 55

2.2.8 Sosial .................................................................................................................................................... 56

2.2.8.1 Umum ................................................................................................................................................ 56

2.2.8.2 Sosial Ekonomi .................................................................................................................................. 59

2.2.8.3 Sosial Budaya.................................................................................................................................... 65

2.2.8.4 Kesehatan Masyarakat ...................................................................................................................... 69

2.3 Pelingkupan ................................................................................................................................................ 71

2.3.1 Proses Pelingkupan .............................................................................................................................. 71

2.3.2 Hasil Pelingkupan ................................................................................................................................. 71

2.3.2.1 Identifikasi Dampak Potensial............................................................................................................ 71

2.3.2.2 Dampak Penting Hipotetik ................................................................................................................. 78

2.3.2.3 Prioritas dan Urutan Dampak Penting Hipotetik .............................................................................. 105

2.4 Lingkup Wilayah Studi dan Batas Waktu Kajian ....................................................................................... 106

2.4.1 Lingkup Wilayah Studi ........................................................................................................................ 106

2.4.1.1 Batas Proyek ................................................................................................................................... 106

2.4.1.2 Batas Ekologi................................................................................................................................... 106

2.4.1.3 Batas Sosial..................................................................................................................................... 106

2.4.1.4 Batas Administrasi ........................................................................................................................... 107

2.4.1.5 Batas Ruang Lingkup Wilayah Studi ANDAL................................................................................... 107

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 2.4.1.6 Waktu Kajian ................................................................................................................................... 107

3.0 METODE STUDI .................................................................................................................................................... 110

3.1 Metode Pengumpulan dan Analisis Data .................................................................................................. 110

3.1.1 Iklim, Kualitas Udara dan Kebisingan ................................................................................................. 110

3.1.1.1 Iklim ................................................................................................................................................. 110

3.1.1.2 Kualitas Udara ................................................................................................................................. 111

3.1.1.3 Kebisingan ....................................................................................................................................... 112

3.1.2 Fisiografi ............................................................................................................................................. 113

3.1.3 Geologi dan Hidro-geologi .................................................................................................................. 113

3.1.3.1 Geologi ............................................................................................................................................ 113

3.1.3.2 Potensi Air Asam Tambang (Acid Mine Drainage) .......................................................................... 114

3.1.3.3 Hidrogeologi .................................................................................................................................... 114

3.1.3.4 Kualitas Sumur dan Air Tanah ......................................................................................................... 115

3.1.4 Kesuburan Tanah dan Erosi ............................................................................................................... 117

3.1.5 Hidrologi dan Kualitas Fisika-kimia Air Sungai/Laut ............................................................................ 118

3.1.5.1 Hidrologi .......................................................................................................................................... 118

3.1.5.2 Kualitas Air Sungai .......................................................................................................................... 119

3.1.6 Ruang, Lahan dan Transportasi.......................................................................................................... 121

3.1.6.1 Tata Ruang dan Lahan .................................................................................................................... 121

3.1.6.2 Transportasi..................................................................................................................................... 122

3.1.7 Flora dan Fauna.................................................................................................................................. 124

3.1.7.1 Flora ................................................................................................................................................ 124

3.1.7.2 Fauna .............................................................................................................................................. 125

3.1.7.2.1 Fauna Darat ................................................................................................................................. 125

3.1.7.2.2 Biota Perairan .............................................................................................................................. 126

3.1.8 Sosial, Ekonomi dan Budaya .............................................................................................................. 128

3.1.8.1 Aspek yang Dipelajari ...................................................................................................................... 128

3.1.8.2 Metodologi Penelitian ...................................................................................................................... 129

3.1.8.3 Metoda Prakiraan Dampak .............................................................................................................. 132

3.1.8.4 Metoda Evaluasi Dampak ................................................................................................................ 133

3.1.9 Kesehatan Masyarakat ....................................................................................................................... 133

3.2 Metode Prakiraan dan Penentuan Dampak Penting ................................................................................. 133

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 3.2.1 Prakiraan Besaran Dampak ................................................................................................................ 133

3.2.2 Prakiraan Dampak Penting ................................................................................................................. 134

3.3 Metode Evaluasi Dampak Penting ............................................................................................................ 134

3.4 Perumusan RKL dan RPL ........................................................................................................................ 135

4.0 PELAKSANAAN STUDI ........................................................................................................................................ 137

4.1 Identitas Pemrakarsa dan Penyusun AMDAL ........................................................................................... 137

4.2 Pemrakarsa .............................................................................................................................................. 137

4.2.1 Tim Penyusun ANDAL ........................................................................................................................ 138

4.3 Biaya Pelaksanaan Studi .......................................................................................................................... 140

4.3.1 Struktur Pembiayaan .......................................................................................................................... 140

4.3.2 Alokasi Biaya Studi ............................................................................................................................. 140

4.4 Waktu Pelaksanaan Studi......................................................................................................................... 140

DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1: Besaran Sumber Daya di Lokasi Prospek Sihayo Utara dan Sambung ................................................................ 3

Tabel 2: Jadwal Produksi .................................................................................................................................................. 16

Tabel 3: Komposisi Tenaga Kerja Tambang PT Sorikmas Mining (Areal Tambang dan Pabrik Pengolahan) .................. 25

Tabel 4: Parameter Pabrik Pengolahan Bijih .................................................................................................................... 29

Tabel 5: Curah Hujan Rata-rata Bulanan di Stasiun Sihayo Camp (2004-2009) .............................................................. 34

Tabel 6: Hasil Pengujian Kualitas Air Tanah dari Lubang Bor (Insitu) ....................................................................... 40

Tabel 7: Hasil Pengujian Kualitas Fisika Air Tanah dari Pemukiman Penduduk ............................................................... 41

Tabel 8: Hasil Pengujian Kualitas Kimia Air Tanah dari Pemukiman Penduduk ............................................................... 41

Tabel 9: Karakteristik Kimia Tanah ................................................................................................................................... 43

Tabel 10: Erosi tanah ........................................................................................................................................................ 46

Tabel 11: Klasifikasi Bahaya Erosi*................................................................................................................................... 46

Tabel 12:Pengukuran Aliran Sungai di Sekitar Blok KP PT Sorikmas Mining. .................................................................. 47

Tabel 13: Hasil Pengujian Kualitas Fisika Air Sungai .................................................................................................. 48

Tabel 14: Hasil Pengujian Kualitas Kimia Air Sungai ........................................................................................................ 48

Tabel 15: Jenis Tumbuhan dan Pemanfaatannya ............................................................................................................. 53

Tabel 16: Tabel Sejarah Desa .......................................................................................................................................... 57

Tabel 17: Jumlah dan Kepadatan Penduduk di Wilayah Studi .......................................................................................... 58

Tabel 18: Komposisi Pemilikan Lahan .............................................................................................................................. 61

Tabel 19: Akses terhadap Sumberdaya ............................................................................................................................ 63

Tabel 20: Tabel Kelengkapan Infrastruktur ....................................................................................................................... 64

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Tabel 21: Marga-marga di Daerah Studi ........................................................................................................................... 65

Tabel 22: Sarana Pendidikan di Kecamatan Naga Juang dan Siabu .......................................................................... 69

Tabel 23: Daftar Jenis Penyakit yang umum terjadi per Kecamatan ................................................................................. 70

Table 24: Matriks Identifikasi Dampak Potensial ............................................................................................................... 72

Tabel 25: Sumber dan Jenis Dampak Potensial ............................................................................................................... 77

Table 26: Evaluasi Dampak Potensial............................................................................................................................... 79

Table 27: Waktu Kajian Dampak Penting Hipotetik ......................................................................................................... 108

Tabel 28: Metode Analisis Kualitas Udara Ambien dan Kebisingan ................................................................................ 112

Tabel 29: Metode Analisis Kualitas Air Tanah ................................................................................................................. 116

Tabel 30: Metode Analisis Kualitas Air Permukaan......................................................................................................... 120

Tabel 31: Metode Prakiraan Dampak dan Komponen Lingkungan ................................................................................. 134

Tabel 32: Daftar Tenaga Ahli Pelaksana AMDAL ........................................................................................................... 139

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1: Peta Lokasi Wilayah KK PT Sorikmas Mining ................................................................................................... 2

Gambar 2: Struktur Organisasi Manajemen PT Sorikmas Mining ..................................................................................... 18

Gambar 3: Alur Pengolahan Bijih Emas ............................................................................................................................ 30

Gambar 4: Curah Hujan Minimum, Rata-rata dan Maksimum di Stasiun Sihayo Camp .................................................. 35

Gambar 5: Perbandingan Data Curah Hujan Stasiun Sihayo Camp terhadap Stasiun Aek Godang dan
Panyabungan ................................................................................................................................................... 35

Gambar 6: Kelembaban Udara Minimum, Rata-rata dan Maksimum di Lokasi Studi........................................................ 36

Gambar 7: Suhu Udara Rata-rata Bulanan di Stasiun Sihayo Camp ................................................................................ 36

Gambar 8: Bagan Alir Proses Pelingkupan ....................................................................................................................... 71

Gambar 9: Bagan Alir Identifikasi Dampak Potensial Tahap Pra Konstruksi .................................................................... 73

Gambar 10: Bagan Alir Identifikasi Dampak Potensial Tahap Konstruksi ......................................................................... 74

Gambar 11: Bagan Alir Identifikasi Dampak Potensial Tahap Operasi ............................................................................. 75

Gambar 12: Bagan Alir Dampak Potensial Tahap Pasca Operasi .................................................................................... 76

Figure 13: Bagan Alir Hasil Pelingkupan ......................................................................................................................... 104

APPENDIX A
Peta-peta

APPENDIX B
Rencana Jadwal Pelaksanaan AMDAL

APPENDIX C
Contoh Kuesioner

APPENDIX D
Rekaman Dokumen Perizinan

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APPENDIX E
Rekaman Pengumuman Studi AMDAL di Media Massa

APPENDIX F
Rekaman Daftar Hadir dan Notulensi Konsultasi Publik

APPENDIX G
CV Tim Studi dan Surat Pernyataan

APPENDIX H
Daftar Pustaka