ENERGI SURYA
Arman Sani
2022
Energi Surya
Energi yang terkandung pada cahaya
surya :
• Matahari adalah pabrik tenaga nuklir
dengan proses fusi yg mengubah
4ton massa hidrogen menjadi helium
tiap detiknya dan menghasilkan
energi 1020 kWJoule/detik.
• Potensi energi surya sangat
bergantung pada posisi kedudukan
matahari dengan koordinat wilayah
tersebut dipermukaan bumi ➔
berubah tiap waktu, sudut datang,
tergantung kondisi atmosfer.
Energi Surya
• Pada waktu cahaya melintasi atmosfer, sebagian energi
terserap.
• Besarnya penurunan energi sepanjang garis lintang ini
ditentukan oleh konstanta penurunan energi (extinction
coefficient) B.
dengan
1.1 kWh/m2
1.1 kWh/m2
depletion layer
Prinsip Semikonduktor
• Di daerah deplesi hole akan
ditarik ke bahan N dan
elektron ditarik ke bahan P
shg muncul medan listrik E.
• Elektron dan hole yang ada
di daerah deplesi disebut
pembawa muatan minoritas
(minority charge carriers).
Advantages Disadvantages
1. save money 1. expensive for initial costs
2. create 2-5 more jobs/unit of electricity 2. aesthetically not pleasing
3. eliminate/reduce fossil fuels 3. latitude
4. less pollution
5. less environmental damage
PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING
ACTIVE SOLAR HEATING
Active solar heating – specially designed collectors absorb solar energy and
fan/pump distributes energy to parts of a building to meet space/water heating
needs.
Advantages Disadvantages
1. save money 1. expensive for initial costs
2. create 2-5 more jobs/unit of electricity 2. aesthetically not pleasing
3. eliminate/reduce fossil fuels 3. latitude
4. less pollution
5. less environmental damage
ACTIVE SOLAR HEATING
SOLAR POWER TOWER
Solar Power Tower –huge arrays of computer controlled mirrors that
track the sun and focus sunlight on a central heat collection tower.
(Mojave desert in California)
Advantages Disadvantages
Cost will drop as Costs 8X more to
Technology improves build
SOLAR POWER TOWER
SOLAR THERMAL PLANT
Advantages Disadvantages
1. Can generate temperatures high 1. central receivers are
enough for industrial processes expensive to operate.
2. can supply back-up electricity
3. cheaper than nuclear
SOLAR THERMAL PLANT
SOLAR COOKER
1Solar Cooker – focuses and concentrates sunlight in a box typically covered in
glass to trap infrared radiation waves to cook food in rural villages in developing
countries.
Advantages Disadvantages
Does not reduce deforestation 2-4 hours to cook average meal.
SOLAR COOKER
SOLAR HYDROGEN
Solar-Hydrogen – Water can be split into gaseous hydrogen and oxygen.
It is in its infancy. So far… we can create fuel cells where hydrogen and oxygen
combine to produce an electrical current, but it is difficult to store enough hydrogen
gas in a fuel tank for very long.
➢Politics and economics are “holding up” this technology.
➢R&D from government needed.
➢must convince energy companies and investors to $ into this type of power and
phase out fossil fuels.
➢must convince public to change over.
…Not Yet!
SOLAR HYDROGEN