English Subject P4

Apa itu Modals ?

1. Modals
• Kata-kata yang digunakan untuk mengekspresikan hal-hal yang berbeda tergantung
situasinya.

Dapat mengekspresikan kemampuan (ability), kemungkinan (possibility), izin (permission),

kewajiban (obligation), etc-sedikit berbeda dengan cara kerja regular verb lainnya. ada
dasarnya, modal terbagi menjadi dua jenis yaitu present dan past modals. Dibawah ini
merupakan pemaparan dari kedua jenis modal:

Present Past

Can
Could
(Bisa/Dapat)
Will
(Akan) Would

Shall
(Akan) Should

May
(Boleh / Mungkin) Might

Must
(Harus / Pasti) Had to

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English Subject P4

- Can, Could (untuk permintaan, perintah dan izin)

Ex :
- I can play basketball. (ability)
- They can help you pick up the groceries. (possibility)
- She could speak Korean. (past ability)
- Can you shut the door ? (order)
- Could you show me the way to the station, please ? (polite request)
- Can I turn down the volume ? It’s too loud (permission)
- May, Might (untuk menyatakan kemungkinan, meminta atau memberikan izin,
kejadian yang umum terjadi, spekulasi atau harapan).
Ex :
- We might be late if we don’t go right now. (possibility)
- May I got to the toilet ? (ask for permission)
- On average, dogs may give birth to 6 puppies at once. (typical occurrence)
- She might have been busy. (speculation)
- May you live a happy life! (wishes)
- Should (untuk mengekspresikan kewajiban, kebutuhan, ekspektasi atau tugas).
Ex :
- You shouldn’t go home late.
- You should finish your homework before the weekend.
- You should work harder.
- Shall (untuk menunjukkan kemauan, niat, saran dan desakan)
Ex :
- Shall we dance ?
- I shall go home now.
- You shall not pass!
- Ought to (untuk mengekspresikan kewajiban, kebutuhan, kemungkinan atau tugas)
Ex :
- You ought to study hard.
- He ought to quit smoking.
- There ought to be evidence!
- Have to (untuk mengekspresikan kewajiban, keperluan dan larangan)
Ex :
Flight attendants have to dress up neatly.
She has to pay for the extra charge.
I will have to work overtime.
- Must (untuk mengekspresikan keharusan, keharusannya tingkat paling tinggi)
Ex :
- I must call my girlfriend now.
- I must head home now.
- Will/Would (untuk mengekspresikan rencana atau niat, prediksi masa depan atau
masa lalu, kemauan, janji, tawaran, permintaan atau digunakan dalam conditional
sentences).
Ex :
- We will go to the Maldives this summer. (plan or intention)
- The train will arrive late this afternoon. (future prediction)
- I thought the train would be late today. (past prediction)
- I will get you some food. (willingness)

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English Subject P4

- I will take you home tonight. (promise, offer)

- Would you help me with the laundry ? (polite request)
- If I were rich, I would buy a lot of supercars. (conditionals)
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2. Ketentuan Penggunaan
1. Tidak perlu mengubah kata Modals walaupun ingin digunakan pada jenis waktu yang
berbeda.
• Waktu berupa present, past dan future, sehingga Modals tidak perlu ditambah
apapun.
• Example : He can sing ✓
He cans sing 
2. Menggunakan kata kerja asli dan jangan menggunakan “to” setelah Modals.
• Kata kerja asli tanpa tambahan apapun atau dilakukan pengubahan, seperti run,
sing, dan lain-lain.
• Example : He should come here ✓
He should to come here 
3. Menggunakan “not” setelah Modals untuk membentuk kalimat negatif dan jangan
menggunakan “don’t, doesn’t, isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, won’t”, kecuali “have to”
• Untuk Modals “Have to”, bisa menggunakan semua, seperti “don’t have to”.
Khusus untuk modals “Ought to”, maka bentuk negatifnya adalah “Ought not
to”.
• Example : He should not go ✓
He should to come here  He should to not come here

3. Quiz
• You must to finish your food.
• I don’t can sing.
• We should not to yell.
• He mights sleep in the class.

4. Formula
• (+) : S + M + V1 + O
• (-) : S + M + not + V1 + O
• (?) : M + S + V1 + O ?

5. Can
• Khusus untuk permintaan dan penawaran, “Can” bersifat lebih kasual, tetapi
kurang sopan, sehingga biasa digunakan untuk teman/kerabat dekat.
• Memiliki beberapa kegunaan, yaitu :
1. Berhubungan dengan Panca Indera & menunjukkan situasi saat ini/sedang
terjadi.
• I can see your book.
• I can’t taste this coffee.
• I can hear her talk to the shopkeeper.

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English Subject P4

2. Menunjukkan kesanggupan/ketidaksanggupan.
• I can’t run around this field in 30 second.
• She can do that better than you.
• We can be the next marathon winner if we keep on training like this.
3. Menunjukkan kemampuan/ketidakmampuan dalam bentuk present.
• I can speak English well.
• I can’t swim.
• I can’t help you finish the task.
4. Menunjukkan kemauan/menawarkan sesuatu.
• I can hold your baby while you’re calling your husband.
• I can drive you to school until you recover.
• I can buy you some medicines after school.
5. Memberikan perintah (konteks non formal dan kurang sopan)
• Can you provide more evidences for this accusation ?
• Can you take me to Alisa’s house today ?
• Can you help me to wash the dishes, Keyla ?
6. Meminta sesuatu baik berupa izin atau benda lainnya
• Can I go out with my friends tonight ?
• Can I have some of your facemasks ?
• Can I buy your action figure ?
7. Menyatakan kemungkinan (General Possibilities)
• It can take two hours to get to the airport if the traffic’s bad.
• It can be very wet and cold in spring here.
• He can be very difficult to deal with when he is in a bad mood.

Contoh Soal
1. Which of the following sentences is incorrect?
a. Should we try it instead?
b. She has to understand this situation.
c. I should start to unpack my belongings.
d. Radit have to retake the class.
e. Shall we start?
Pembahasan : Jawaban: d. Kalimat pada pilihan jawaban D salah karena Radit merupakan orang
pertama tunggal sehingga seharusnya menggunakan has bukan have.

Englishsubject.byjulia ASC 2023