Technology
What is Hybrid
System
What is Hybrid System
Hybrid (vehicle) : Kendaraan yang menggunakan
lebih dari satu (dua atau lebih)
sumberPetrol
tenaga
engine Electric motor
Mesin bensin
Petrol engine vehicle Electric vehicle & Motor Listrik
merupakan dua
sumber tenaga yang
membuat efisiensi
Petrol engine + Electric motor
lebih besar
Hybrid vehicle
Type of Hybrid System
Hybrid System: #1. Series
HYBRID Pada series hybrid,
Penyaluran daya hanya 1
arah saja
ISG (Integrated
Starter Generator)
Reference Suzuki MILD
HYBRID
SHVS Operation :
Acceleration :
=> engine + motor
assist
Deceleration :
=> Battery
charging
Motor
Genera Vehicle stop :
tor
IMA => Engine idle
Reference HONDA SPORT HIBRID i-
DCD
i-DCD : intelligent Dual
Clutch Drive
Compact Lithium-Ion
Dual Clutch System & One Motor Battery
# Reference HONDA SPORT HIBRID i-
DCD
i-DCD : intelligent Dual
Clutch Drive
Pengembangan
dari Electric
Vehicle Mitsubishi
Reference MITSUBISHI Plug-In
HYBRID
PHEV : Plug-in Hybrid Electric
Vehicle TWIN
MOTOR
Menggunakan 2
unit Motor
generator untuk
S-AWC
4WD
Super All Wheel
Control System
Mengoptimalk
an driving
stability
Meningkatkan
cornering
performance.
Meningkatkan
traction
Penempatan motor depan/belakang yang Mengurangi
body roll
terpisah mensuplay tenaga maksimum ke
seluruh roda
Basic Operation of
Hybrid?
Basic Operation THS (Toyota Hybrid System)
Starting Normal
from Rest Driving Acceleration Deceleration Stopped
• Hydraulic Brakes
Pengere Hydraulic Penggunaan sistem pengereman hidraulik dan
• Regenerative
man Brakes regeneratif secara terpadu.
Brakes
Power- • HV ECU
Komponen untuk mengontrol mesin, motor,
train ECM • ECM
dan generator.
Control • Inverter
Concept THS II (Toyota Hybrid System)
Better Fuel
PRIUS
Economy
(ZVW30)
PRIUS
Mode Fuel Efficiency
(NHW11)
Japanese 10 - 15
PRIUS
(NHW20)
(km/L)
Trade-off between
performance and fuel
COROLLA economy in conventional
(1.3L) COROLLA vehicles
(1.5L)
CAMRY
(2.4L)
Better
0 - 100 km/h Acceleration (sec.) Acceleration
KOMPONEN
SYSTEM
HYBRID
Komponen Kendaraan Hybrid
Komponen Utama
Auxiliary Battery HV Battery
Assembly
Engine
Compressor with
Motor Assembly
(with Inverter)
Power Cable
Power Management
Control ECU (HV CPU)
Komponen Utama
– System diagram
HV Battery Assembly Power
Management
ECM
Control ECU
(HV CPU)
Engine
Inverter with
Converter Assembly Motor Generator
(MG1) (MG2)
Boost
Converter Inverter
Hybrid Transaxle
DC/DC
Auxiliary
Converter
Battery
Compressor with
Motor Assembly
(with Inverter) : Power Cable
Power Cable
Outline
– Power cable adalah kabel untuk tegangan dan arus tinggi
Power Cable
Mesh
Conductor
Cover
Power Cable
System Diagram
: Power Cable
Compressor with
Motor Assembly
(with Inverter)
Boost
Converter
Inverter
MG1
for MG1
HV Battery
Inverter MG2
for MG2
Hybrid Transaxle
Inverter with Converter Assembly
Power Cable
Lokasi Komponen
Compressor with
Power Cable
Motor Assembly
Hybrid Transaxle
HV Battery
(MG1 and MG2)
Outline
MG1 MG2
Oil Pump
(Mechanical
Final Drive Gear Type)
MG2
Final
Driven
Gear Counter
Driven
Gear
Differential
Gear Unit
Hybrid Gen 3
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
REFERENSI
Pompa Oli
– 2 tipe pompa oli
• Pompa oli mekanikal
• Pompa oli listrik (LS600h and GS450h)
Mechanical Oil Pump
Transaxle Damper
– Mengurangi hentakan yang terjadi saat energi kinetik diteruskan
Torque Limiter
Coil Spring
Transaxle Damper
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
MG (Motor Generator)
– Outline
MG1 MG2
•Generator •Motor (For
•Starter Drive train)
•Generator
Permanent Permanent
Magnet Magnet
Resolver
Resolver
(Speed Sensor)
(Speed Sensor)
Rotor Rotor
Stator Stator
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
Resolver
Resolver
(for MG1)
(for MG2)
Resolver
Hybrid Transaxle
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
Temperature Sensor
– Sensor temperatur digunakan untuk mendeteksi temperatur dari
MG1 dan MG2.
Temperature Temperature
Sensor Sensor
(for MG1) (for MG2)
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
Engine
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
Compound Gear
• Parking Lock Gear
Oil Pump
Transaxle
Damper MG2
To Front Wheels
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
• Nomographic Chart
(+) (+) (+) (-)
rpm, rpm,
Torque Torque
- +
MG1 MG1
Engine
Power
To Engine
Splits MG1
Engine Power
Power
To Front Wheels
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
MG (Motor Generator)
– Konstruksi
MG (Motor Generator)
– 3-phase alternating current
MG (Motor Generator)
– Menghasilkan torsi dan kecepatan putar
Torsi yang dihasilkan Kecepatan rotasi dikendalikan oleh
dikendalikan oleh jumlah arus. frekuensi.
High
High Speed
Torque
Low Low
Torque Speed
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
Resolver
Resolver
(for MG1)
(for MG2)
Resolver
Hybrid Transaxle
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
MG Temperature Sensor
5V MG1
GMT GMT Temp. Sensor
(for MG1)
GMTG GMTG
[Characteristics]
(k)
120
Resistance
Power 100
Management
Control ECU 50
(HV CPU)
0
10 20 30 40 (C)
5V MG2 [50] [68] [86] [104] [F]
MMTG MMTG
Temp. Sensor
(for MG2)
Hybrid Transaxle (Transmission)
Hybrid Transaxle
Parking Lock
Mechanism
P Position Shift Lever
Switch Position Sensor
Transmission Parking
Control ECU Lock
Actuator
KOMPONEN
SYSTEM HYBRID
Inverter with
converter
Inverter dengan Converter Assembly
Outline
MG ECU
Mengontrol inverter dan boost
converter
Inverter
Menghasilkan arus bolak balik
3-phase
Boost Converter
DC 201.6 V Max. DC 650 V
DC/DC Converter
DC 201.6 V DC 14 V
Boost Converter
– Suplai tegangan dari HV battery dinaikkan.
Max.
650 V
201.6 V HV Battery
DC/DC Converter
– Fungsi DC/DC converter
Inverter with Converter Assembly
HV Battery
MG1
Boost
Inverter
Converter
MG2
DC/DC Converter
DC 201.6 V
DC 14 V
DC 201.6 V
DC 14 V
Auxiliary
Battery
12 V System
(ECUs etc.)
Inverter dengan Converter Assembly
MG ECU
– Melakukan kontrol terhadap inverter dan boost converter sesuai
signal yang diterima dari power management control ECU (HV
CPU).
Inverter
Power
Management Communication MG
Control Signals
Control ECU ECU
(HV CPU)
Boost
Converter
•Inverter Output Amperage
•MG Speed (Resolver Output)
•Failure Information
etc.
Inverter dengan Converter Assembly
System Diagram
High-voltage Capacitor
Inverter with Converter Assembly
Boost Converter Inverter IGBT
IGBT IPM IPM
Reactor
MG1
HV
Battery
MG2
Compressor
with Motor
Assembly
MG
DC/DC ECU Power Management
Converter Control ECU (HV CPU)
Auxiliary
Battery
Inverter with Converter Assembly
Inverter
– System diagram
Inverter
IPM
Boost IGBT
Converter MG1
MG2
Inverter with Converter Assembly
Inverter Motor
– Menggerakkan motor
IGBT
Inverter
IPM
IPM
MG
ON
U
N
W
ON
V
Boost Converter
– Tegangan yang disuplai HV battery ditingkatkan.
Max.
650 V
201.6 V HV Battery
Boost Converter
– System diagram
Karakteristik:
Tahanan berubah pada aliran arus saat High-voltage
ini. (Tegangan dinaikkan dan di Capacitor
turunkan oleh Reaktor)
Boost Converter Inverter
Reactor
HV
Battery
IPM
DC/DC Converter
– Tujuan DC/DC converter
DC/DC Converter
DC 201.6 V
DC 14 V
DC 201.6 V
DC 14 V
Auxiliar
y
Battery
12 V System
(ECUs etc.)
Inverter with Converter Assembly
Inverter Temperature
Inverter with Converter Assembly
HWTG [Characteristics]
HV (k)
Coolant 6
Temp.
Resistance
5
Sensor
4
3
2
1
Inverter with 0
Converter 0 20 40 60 (C)
[32] [68] [104] [140] [F]
Assembly
Coolant Temperature
Inverter with Converter Assembly
5.0
VL 4.0
3.0
Voltage 2.0
Sensor 1.0
0
HV Battery 0 100 200 300 400 500 (V)
Voltage Before Boost (VL)
Inverter with Converter Assembly
Outline
– Sistem pendingin terpisah dari sistem pendingin mesin, untuk
mendinginkan inverter dengan converter assembly dan MG1
Inverter with
Converter Assembly
HV Radiator
Reserve Tank
HV Water Pump
with Motor
HV Radiator
Hybrid Transaxle
HV Water Pump
(MG1)
with Motor
Inverter dengan Converter Assembly
Impeller
Shaft
Magnet Bearing
Coil
Motor Controller
KOMPONEN
SYSTEM HYBRID
Battery
HV Battery Assembly
Hybrid Transaxle
DC 201.6 V For the DC 12 V System
DC-DC Converter for the DC 14 V
Auxiliary Battery
HV Battery
Auxiliary
12 V System Battery
Power Supply
– 2 baterei
SMRs
(System Main Relays)
Battery
Smart Unit HV Battery
Cooling Blower
HV Junction
Block Assembly
Service Plug
Connector
HV Battery Assembly
HV Battery Assembly
Power Management
Control ECU (HV CPU)
PRIUS NHW20
+
VB14 Voltage Monitor Line
VB13
Cell = 1.2 V
VB12 Module = Cell (1.2 V) x 6 = 7.2 V
Block = Module (7.2 V) x 2 = 14.4 V
Battery
Smart 1 Block (x 14)
Unit
VB2
VB1
GB0
- 28 Modules
HV Battery Assembly
Cell
(1.2 V)
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
HV
28 Battery Modules Junction
Block
Assembl
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
y
Main
Fuse
(125 A)
19 Battery 9 Battery
Modules Modules
+ -
Interlock
Switch
Interlock
Switch
Main Fuse
Removal Installation
Insulated
Glove
Sampai terdengar “Klik”
HV Battery Assembly
Temp. x 3 Voltage x 14
+
Temp.
Sensor Service Current
s Plug Sensor
Grip
HV Battery -
HV Battery Assembly
SMRB
+
Battery Module
SMRP
Precharge
Resistor
SMRG
-
Precharge
SMRP
Resistor
HV Junction Block Assembly
HV Battery Assembly
SMRs (System Main Relays)
– Operasi (READY ON)
SMRB (OFF) SMRB (ON)
Precharge
Resistor
SMRG SMRG (OFF)
(OFF)
Precharge
Resistor
SMRG (ON) SMRG (OFF)
SMRB (OFF)
SMRP (OFF)
SMRG (OFF)
HV Battery Assembly
HV Battery
Current
Sensor
HV Battery Assembly
HV Battery Assembly
HV Battery
Temp.
Sensors
(for Battery
Modules)
HV Battery Assembly
HV Battery
Temp. Sensor
(for the Intake Air
Duct)
HV Battery Assembly
Cooling Blower
Air Intake
(Rear Side Seatback
Assembly RH)
HV
Cooling Air
Battery
Flow
Auxiliary Battery
Outline
– Untuk power supply ECUs, audio system, etc.
Auxiliary Battery
(DC 12 V)
Luggage Compartment
Auxiliary Battery
Konstruksi
– Menggunakan sealed battery.
– Maintenance-free
No Vent Plugs
Hydrogen
Drain Hose
KOMPONEN
SYSTEM HYBRID
Engine
Engine
2ZR-FXE
– Huruf “X” pada 2ZR-FXE menunjukkan penggunaan prinsip
Atkinson cycle.
Atkinson Cycle
2ZR-FXE
Engine
Spesifikasi
Model PRIUS (ZVW30) COROLLA
Engine 2ZR-FXE 2ZR-FE
No. of Cylinders and Arrangement 4-cylinder, In-line
16-valve, DOHC, 16-valve, DOHC,
Valve Mechanism Chain Drive Chain Drive
with VVT-i with Dual VVT-i
Displacement [cm3 (cu. in.)] 1798 (109.7)
Bore x Stroke [mm (in.)] 80.5 x 88.3 (3.17 x 3.48)
13.0
Compression Ratio 10.0
(Expansion Ratio)
Max. Output [kW @ rpm] 73 @ 5200 100 @ 6000
Max. Torque [N·m @ rpm] 142 @ 4000 175 @ 4400
Firing Order 1–3–4–2
Open 29 to -12 BTDC 56 to 1 BTDC
Intake
Valve Close 61 to 102 ABDC 10 to 65 ABDC
Timing Open 31 BBDC 51 to 11 BBDC
Exhaust
Close 3 ATDC 3 to 43 ATDC
Engine Service Mass (Reference)
90 (198) *1 117 (257.9) *2
[kg (lb)]
*1: The figure shown is the weight without coolant and oil.
*2: The figure shown is the weight with oil and coolant at the specified amount.
Engine
Atkinson Cycle
Compression Stroke < Expansion Stroke
Compression Expansion
Engine
Atkinson Cycle
– Dengan sistem VVT-i, rasio kompresi dapat diubah dengan
mengontrol waktu penutupan katup intake.
TDC
Compression
Stroke
Expansion
102
Stroke
VVT-i
Operatio
n
61
BDC
Engine
Stator
Impeller
Shaft
Motor
Engine
DC 12 V
Coolant
(From Engine to Heater Core)
Engine
Hall IC
Magnetic Yoke
Accelerator Pedal
ENGINE : Shift Lever
Shift Lever
Position Sensor
Shift Lock Control
Unit Assembly
(Models dengan Electronic (Models tanpa Electronic Shift
Shift Lever System) Lever System)
ENGINE : Shift Lever
N P
B
D R Contact
P
Point
FD RV
MJ MJ MJ
Shift Position Signal
MJ
Travel Direction Signal
Shift Position
Determination
Signal
MJ RV FD +B P R N D B
RV
P
Shift Position
R MJ
N
D Shift Lever
B Position Sensor
AC Compressor : Konstruksi
AC Compressor : Konstruksi
– Sebuah compressor digerakkan oleh motor untuk sistem A/C.
Scroll Type
Compressor
DC 201.6 V
Oil
Separator
A/C Inverter
(DC AC)
Engine
Brushless
Motor
[5] Ketika ada dugaan kerusakan pada komponen atau kabel tegangan
tinggi, :
(1) Putuskan hubungan kabel dari negative terminal pada
auxiliary battery ketika kendaraan tidak bisa berubah dari
status READY-ON.
(2) Gunakan insulated gloves untuk melepas service plug grip.
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_065_E0
Drivetrain Type
Towing Condition
FF FR 4WD
Front wheels
*1
on the ground
Rear wheels
on the ground
4 wheels lifted
4 wheels on
*2 *2 *2
the ground
*2: Jika mobil perlu di derek seperti ini,jangan lebih dari 30 km/h dan derek hanya untuk
jarak dekat.
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_066_E0
SMRs OFF
Short Circuit
Cabin Short Circuit
Inverter with
Converter Assembly HV Battery
(High-voltage
Capacitor)
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_032_E0
Highly Alkaline
Electrolyte
DANGER
HV Battery
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_033_E0
Neutralize
Saturated Boric
Acid Solution
CAUTION:
HV Battery
– Gunakan tonjolan pada gagang service plug untuk melepaskan
kunci pengikat kunci penutup baterai
Protrusio
n
PUSH
Lock Release
[Battery Cover Lock
Striker]
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_002_E0
High-voltage
Wire Harness
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_003_E0
Service
HV Battery
HV Battery
Plug
High-voltage High-voltage
Component Component
SMR
Body Ground
Safety Hybrid
Interlock Switch
HV (Service Plug Grip,
Cutoff when
Battery Inverter with Converter the interlock
Assembly Cover, etc.) switch is
activated
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_005_E0
Interlock Switch
(for Service Plug Grip)
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_006_E0
Connector Connector
Terminal Cover
HV Battery
Connector Service Plug
Grip
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_007_E0
Touching
Insulation Short Circuit
High-voltage
Abnormality (Sparks Occur)
Areas
Electrocution
Terbakar
Safety Hybrid
ID: HV_CM_P01_008_E0
Menyentuh sisi
negative (body
ground) dari Tidak ada resiko
high-voltage
Jika resistansi high- circuit
voltage insulation
berkurang (Bocor) Menyentuh sisi
positif dari Kemungkinan
high-voltage tersengat
circuit
Human
DC 650 V
Body
(High-
Resistanc
voltage
e: 500 Ω
Capacitor)
CAUTION
Bawa service plug
Service
grip yang sudah
Plug Grip
dilepas ke dalam
saku anda
Safety Hybrid
High-voltage Capacitor
Discharge
0V
Elec-
tricity
Service Plug
Grip
Removed
10 min.
Safety Hybrid
Range:
DC 750 V or more
NOTICE:
• Pastikan untuk menarik penutup Inverter
terminal inverter lurus ke atas Terminal
sehingga konektor terhubung ke Cover
bagian bawah penutup.
Connector
Straight up
9 Bolts
Safety Hybrid
Insulated
Tool
Short
Circuit
Safety Hybrid
Insulating Tape
Safety Hybrid
Nonreusable
Degree of Tightening
Safety Hybrid
Hose
Bersihkan
Coolant secara
menyeluruh
May cause a
Servicing malfunction
vehicle
On (READY)
Installation
High-voltage Circuit
Terminal tegangan
tinggi telah
dikencangkan
sesuai momen
standart
Jump Start
ID: HV_CM_P01_037_E0
Lepaskan kabeldari
negative terminal
Auxiliary Battery
Handling of Battery ID: HV_CM_P01_039_E0
Auxiliary Battery
– Aksi yang harus dilakukan ketika auxiliary battery kosong
• Charge ulang auxiliary battery dengan battery charger, atau jumper
dengan menggunakan mobil lain.
Positive
Slow Booster
Charge Terminal
Auxiliary Battery
– Aksi yang harus dilakukan ketika auxiliary battery kosong
• Jika mobil Hybrid digunakan untuk jump start mobil lain, jangan
gunakan positive booster terminal.
Auxiliary Battery
– Jika kabel negatif dilepaskan dari terminal negative (-) battery,
maka perlu dilakukan inisialisasi ISC learned value (throttle
opening learned value).
HV Battery Handling
– Pencegahan HV battery menjadi kosong (discharged)
Charging diperlukan
setiap 2 s/d 3 bulan
Metode Charging
HV Battery Handling
– Aksi yang harus dilakukan ketika HV battery kosong/discharged
• Charge HV battery menggunakan THS charger
THS
Charger
Grounded AC
220 to 240 V
Outlet
Inspection Mode
ID: HV_CM_P01_041_E0
Inspection Mode
• Mengoperasikan mesin terus menerus
• Motor TRC dinon-aktifkan
• 4WD di non-aktifkan (E-four models)
Inspection Mode
ID: HV_CM_P01_042_E0
AWD CERTIFICATION
4-wheel chassis dynamometer test Menon-aktifkan Motor TRC
MODE*
*: 4WD Vehicles
Inspection Mode
ID: HV_CM_P01_043_E0
Shift P N P
Position
(FWD)
Tekan Tekan Tekan
MAINTENANCE
2 Kali 2 Kali 2 Kali MODE
Engine
– Engine inspection untuk kendaraan hybrid
CO/HC
Lakukan “Compression Test”
Compression pada Active Test untuk
mengukur tekanan kompresi.
Maintenance / Perawatan
ID: HV_CM_P01_044_E0
Engine
– Sebelum bekerja diarea engine compartment, pastikan power
switch sudah di putar off.
READY
Maintenance / Perawatan
ID: HV_CM_P01_045_E0
Tidak menggunakan
Drive belt
Disconnection
Pastikan melepas kabel negative dari negative (-) terminal auxiliary battery
sebelum melepas AMD terminal.
Setelah di putuskan/ Disconnection,Bungkus terminal dengan insulating tape.
Coolant
– Sistem pendingin sistim Hybrid ( HV cooling system ) terpisah
dari engine cooling system.
HV Radiator
Coolant Coolant
Reserve
(for Engine) (for Hybrid System)
Tank
HV
Radiator
Water Pump
HV Cooling System
Maintenance / Perawatan
ID: HV_CM_P01_047_E0
Hybrid Transaxle
– Posisi Drain plug and filler plug
Front
NOTE: ATF WS digunakan untuk pelumas hybrid transaxle. Untuk Detail refer ke repair manual
Maintenance / Perawatan
ID: HV_CM_P01_050_E0
Brake Fluid
– Penggantian
• Dengan masuk ke " ECB Invalid Mode " , brake fluid dapat di dengan aman.
Shift
Position
Brake Fluid
– Air bleeding
• Prosedur air bleeding berbeda tergantung komponen mana yang dilepas dan
dipasang kembali atau diganti.
Brake Fluid
– Prosedur Air bleeding
[Bleed Brake Line]
1.Lepaskan brake master cylinder reservoir filler cap assembly.
2.Tambahkan brake fluid ke reservoir sampai batas antara MAX dan MIN.
3.Hubungkan GTS / Intelligent tester ke DLC3 dan putar power switch on (IG).
4.Hidupkan GTS / Intelligent tester dan masuk ke Menu berikut : Chassis / ABS/VSC/TRC /
Air Bleeding.
7.Pilih "Usual air bleeding" pada GTS / Intelligent tester display dan keluarkan udara dari
brake fluid sesuai dengan instruksi pada GTS / Intelligent tester.
8.Setelah bleeding air, kencangkan semua bleeder plug.
9.Clear semua.
[Bleed Brake System]
1.Tunggu paling tidak 2 menit dengan power switch off, lalu lepaskan reservoir level switch
konektor.
2.Buka brake master cylinder reservoir filler cap assembly.
3.Tambahkan brake fluid ke reservoir sampai batas antara MAX and MIN.
4.Hubungkan GTS / Intelligent tester ke DLC3 dan putar power switch on (IG).
5.Hidupkan GTS / Intelligent tester dan masuk kemenu berikut : Chassis / ABS/VSC/TRC /
Air Bleeding.
6.Pilih "ABS actuator has been replaced" pada GTS / Intelligent tester display dan
keluarkan udara dari brake fluid sesuai instruksi pada GTS / Intelligent tester.
7.Setelah membuang udara/bleeding air, Kencangkan semua bleeder plug.
8.Hapus seluruh DTC.
Inspection/Parts Replacement
ID: HV_CM_P01_059_E0
BERBAHAYA!!
CATATAN:
Pastikan untuk menyimpan kunci di caddy, dengan sisi switch menghadap ke
atas, simpan ditempat yang orang lain tidak mungkin dapat
mengoperasikan remote A/C switch.
Inspection/Parts Replacement ID: HV_CM_P01_058_E0