Kritik Teknis dan Essay

Kritik & Essay

Adnan Hendrawan, Jenis Hagai Tarigan, Izdihar izzan Wibowo, dan Maliq Achbar
Materi hari ini
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Kritik Teknis Esai
Kritik Teknis
Kritik teknis adalah proses evaluasi yang lebih mendalam terhadap berbagai aspek
teknis yang terkait dengan suatu karya seni atau kreatif.Kritik teknis membantu
untuk mengidentifikasi kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam penggunaan elemen-
elemen teknis ini. Tujuan kritik teknis adalah memberikan wawasan yang lebih
mendalam tentang bagaimana karya tersebut dibuat atau dieksekusi. Kritik
semacam ini dapat membantu seniman atau pencipta untuk mengembangkan
keterampilan teknis mereka dan juga membantu penikmat seni untuk lebih
memahami dan menghargai aspek teknis dalam karya seni atau kreatif yang
mereka nikmati.
Esai
Esai adalah jenis tulisan pendek yang mengungkapkan gagasan, pandangan,
atau pengalaman penulis tentang suatu topik. Ini seringkali subjektif, memiliki
struktur dengan pendahuluan, tubuh esai, dan kesimpulan, dan dapat
digunakan dalam berbagai konteks, seperti akademik, sastra, atau jurnalisme,
untuk menyampaikan pemikiran pribadi, analisis, atau argumen.
 Kritik Vs Esai
Contoh
Kritik Teknis
1. Film:
Penyuntingan yang cermat meningkatkan alur cerita.
Sinematografi yang kuat menghadirkan gambaran visual yang
memukau. Contoh Esai
Suara dan musik memberikan nuansa emosional yang kuat. Manfaat Olahraga dalam Kesehatan
2. Seni Visual:
Teknik lukisan yang realistis dan detail.
Penggunaan warna dan kontras yang efektif. Olahraga memiliki manfaat besar bagi kesehatan.
Teknik pahatan menonjolkan tekstur dan dimensi.
3. Musik: Ini membantu menjaga tubuh tetap bugar,
Harmoni yang indah dalam komposisi. mengurangi stres, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup
Ritme yang menarik dan mengundang.
Penggunaan vokal dan lirik yang cerdas.
secara keseluruhan. Olahraga adalah investasi
4. Literatur: penting dalam kesehatan fisik dan mental kita.
Penggunaan bahasa dan gaya penulisan yang memikat.
Struktur naratif yang efektif dengan transisi yang mulus.
Dialog yang alami dan mengungkap karakter dengan baik.
 Examples
Here are some examples of themes that have been turned into specific ideas.

The journey from innocence to experience often involves changing ideas

Coming of Age
about oneself and one’s place in the world.

An irrational commitment to biological and familial ties can be

Family
destructive on an individual.

Our identify is not fixed but fluid; it can shift and change depending on
Identify
different circumstances.

Racism and prejudice are limitations to progress, both to the individual

Prejudice
and society as a whole.
Adding Complexity
It is rare for a text to centre around one theme or idea; often there are multiple.
Some might be more dominant or obvious than others. These themes and ideas
might interact and/or rely on one another in order to form a complex story or
investigation.

For example, a coming of age narrative novel for an adolescent audience might
explore themes of bravery, family relationships, friendship, coping with change
and maturity. An informational feature article for an audience of parents on
the topic of standardised testing might explore ideas about education, student
stress, academic success and differences in individual abilities and learning
needs.

It's also important to note that different readers can read the same text and
identify different themes or ideas due to their personal context. These ideas
may not always be deliberately intended by an author, but a reader might
interpret them based on their personal reading of the text.
Development of Ideas
Considering the fact that themes and ideas can be quite complex,
it's important to consider how they develop throughout a text.

Beginning Middle End

How does the author introduce
the theme or idea? What
comments are made about the
theme early on in the text?
Consider the opening paragraphs
of an article or the opening
chapters of a novel.
How are the themes or ideas
developed further through the
body of the text? Do they stay the
same or evolve?
Consider the use of narrative
elements in literature or evidence
provided in informational texts.
How do the themes or ideas
conclude at the end of the text?
Is there a final stance taken or is
it left open ended?
Consider if there's a moral or
message to a literary text or if an
informational text has a balanced
or one sided argument.
Making Inferences
Another important thing to consider is that although some texts can state themes
or ideas explicitly (such as an author of an informational text stating their
argument or a character in a literary text directly stating an idea directly through
dialogue), many texts infer these themes more subtly and it is up to you to draw
inferences based on what is available.

To clarify, an inference is a conclusion reached based off evidence and reasoning.

This requires you to 'read between the lines' to extract a theme or idea based on the
textual elements or information available to you. This might take the form of
conclusions, predictions, critical judgements or interpretations.

As humans, we do this naturally every day but the study of texts in English is an
active and reflective process whereby you not only need to identify the ideas but
consider how you came to reach them. You might compare this to mathematics
where you are not only required to calculate a correct answer but you also must
'show your working out' in order to achieve full marks. English is no different.
Citing Textual Evidence
The final step after identifying your themes or ideas is to cite strong and
thorough textual evidence to support your analysis. This requires you to
identify specific examples or elements of the text that have influenced
your interpretation of these ideas.

Remember, in upper school we avoid paraphrasing examples as this can

be too general.

Instead, we look for explicit evidence such as direct quotations from the
text to illustrate our analysis.

We should also go a step further and comment on the textual

conventions, language features, structural features or stylistic choices
that are shown through each specific quotation.
 Conventions & Language Features
These will differ depending on whether the text you are discussing is literary or informational.
Literary Texts
The textual evidence you provide might include:
examples of narrative conventions such as
characterisation, setting, point of view, plot
events or symbolism
language features such as descriptive language,
figurative language, lexicon and connotation
structural features such as flash back,
foreshadowing, prologue or epilogue
Informational Texts
The textual evidence you provide might include:
evidence supplied by the author including facts,
statistics, expert opinion, personal anecdotes or
case studies
language features such as rhetorical question,
inclusive language, repetition or hyperbole
structural features such as cause and effect,
problem-solution, compare and contrast
 Your Turn
In this course, we will be reading, summarising and analysing a range of literary and
informational texts. Identifying multiple themes or ideas and analysing their development over the
course of a text is a central skill that we will need to achieve success in the course. You will also
need to be able to cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support the text's explicit ideas as
well as your own inferences drawn from the text.

Now, let's put these skills into practice by completing some analysis activities. Good luck!
Elements Used: