Independent

Clause
A clause is a combination of two or more words
that contain a subject and a related verb.

Clause atau klausa merupakan gabungan dua atau

lebih kata yang mengandung subject dan verb yang
berkaitan.

Examples of clauses are as follows:

•I eat rice.
•They go to the zoo.
•We will be
•They have
 


An independent clause can also be called a complete sentence because it
has a subject and a verb that can stand alone as a sentence. Independent
clauses express one complete idea. ​

Independent clause dapat disebut juga dengan kalimat lengkap karena

sudah mempunyai subject dan verb yang dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai
suatu kalimat. Independent clause mengungkapkan satu gagasan yang
utuh.
 CHARACTERISTIC OF
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
• HAVE a subject that performs
the activity or acts in the
sentence
• HAVE a predicate, namely the
activity, action, or action
carried out by the subject of
the sentence
• HAVE complete meaning
• Memiliki subjek yang
melakukan aktivitas atau
bertindak di dalam kalimat
• Memiliki sebuah predikat
yaitu aktivitas, tindakan, atau
aksi yang dilakukan subjek
kalimat
• Mempunyai makna lengkap
 EXAMPLE OF INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
•Dita is studying in her room (Dita sedang belajar di kamarnya)
•Tina went to the library alone (Tina pergi ke perpustakaan sendirian)
•Dika goes shopping to the market(Dika pergi berbelanja ke pasar)
•I’m singing (aku sedang menyanyi)
•I love him (Aku mencintainya)
•Tika swam with her sister (Tika berenang dengan saudara perempuannya)
•A cow is a mammal (sapi merupakan binatang mamalia)
•My mother always give me money (Ibuku selalu memberiku uang)
•I’m tired (Aku lelah)
•I’m happy (Aku senang)
 CONNECTING
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES

1. Coordinating Conjunction

2. Independent Marker Word

 1. Coordinating Conjunction

The seven coordinating conjunctions used as connecting words at the beginning of an

independent clause are and, but, for, or, nor, so, and yet. When the second independent
clause in a sentence begins with a coordinating conjunction, a comma is needed before
the coordinating conjunction:

Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz, but it was hard to concentrate
because of the noise.
Tujuh konjungsi koordinatif yang digunakan sebagai kata penghubung pada awal
klausa bebas adalah dan, tetapi, untuk, atau, juga, demikian, dan namun. Jika
klausa independen kedua dalam sebuah kalimat diawali dengan konjungsi
koordinatif, maka diperlukan tanda koma sebelum konjungsi koordinatif:

Jim belajar di Sweet Shop untuk kuis kimianya, tapi sulit berkonsentrasi karena
kebisingan.
2. Independent Marker Word
An independent marker word is a connecting word used at the beginning of an
independent clause. These words can always begin a sentence that can stand
alone. When the second independent clause in a sentence has an independent
marker word, a semicolon is needed before the independent marker word.

Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz; however, it was hard to
concentrate because of the noise.

Kata penanda independen adalah kata penghubung yang digunakan

pada awal klausa independen. Kata-kata ini selalu dapat mengawali
suatu kalimat yang dapat berdiri sendiri. Jika klausa independen kedua
dalam sebuah kalimat memiliki kata penanda independen, maka
diperlukan titik koma sebelum kata penanda independen.

Jim belajar di Sweet Shop untuk kuis kimianya; Namun, sulit

berkonsentrasi karena kebisingan.
Some common independent markers: also,
consequently, furthermore, however,
moreover, nevertheless, and therefore.
 SOME COMMON ERRORS TO AVOID

1. Comma Splices

2. Fused Sentences

3. Sentence Fragments
 1. Comma Splices

A comma splice is the use of a comma between two independent

clauses. You can usually fix the error by changing the comma to a
period and therefore making the two clauses into two separate
sentences, by changing the comma to a semicolon, or by making one
clause dependent by inserting a dependent marker word in front of it.

Sambungan koma adalah penggunaan koma antara dua klausa

independen. Anda biasanya dapat memperbaiki kesalahan dengan
mengubah koma menjadi titik dan dengan demikian membuat dua
klausa menjadi dua kalimat terpisah, dengan mengubah koma
menjadi titik koma, atau dengan membuat satu klausa bergantung
dengan menyisipkan kata penanda dependen di depannya.
Incorrect: I like this class, it is very interesting.

•Correct: I like this class. It is very interesting.

•(or) I like this class; it is very interesting.
•(or) I like this class, and it is very interesting.
•(or) I like this class because it is very interesting.
•(or) Because it is very interesting, I like this class.
 Fused sentences happen when there are two independent
clauses not separated by any form of punctuation. This error
is also known as a run-on sentence. The error can sometimes
be corrected by adding a period, semicolon, or colon to
separate the two sentences.

Kalimat gabungan terjadi ketika terdapat dua klausa independen yang

tidak dipisahkan oleh tanda baca apa pun. Kesalahan ini juga dikenal
sebagai kalimat run-on. Kesalahan tersebut terkadang dapat
diperbaiki dengan menambahkan titik, titik koma, atau titik dua untuk
memisahkan kedua kalimat.
Incorrect: My professor is intelligent I've learned a lot from
her.

•Correct: My professor is intelligent. I've learned a lot from

her.
•(or) My professor is intelligent; I've learned a lot from her.
•(or) My professor is intelligent, and I've learned a lot from her.
•(or) My professor is intelligent; moreover, I've learned a lot
from her.
 3. Sentence Fragments

Sentence fragments happen by treating a independent

clause or other incomplete thought as a complete sentence.
You can usually fix this error by combining it with another
sentence to make a complete thought or by removing the
dependent marker.

Fragmen kalimat terjadi dengan memperlakukan klausa independen atau

pemikiran tidak lengkap lainnya sebagai kalimat lengkap. Anda biasanya
dapat memperbaiki kesalahan ini dengan menggabungkannya dengan
kalimat lain untuk membuat pemikiran yang lengkap atau dengan
menghapus penanda dependen.
Incorrect: Because I forgot the exam was today.

•Correct: Because I forgot the exam was today, I

didn't study.
•(or) I forgot the exam was today.