Bulat Positif
Febiriani
Kompetensi Dasar :
Apa yang akan Anda pelajari?
Mengetahui bentuk bilangan
berpangkat bulat positif 3.3 Menjelaskan dan menentukan
merupakan bentuk perkalian representasi bilangan bulat besar
berulang sebagai bilangan berpangkat bulat
Mengubah bilangan desimal positif
menjadi bilangan berpangkat 4.3 Menyelesaikan masalah yang
bulat positif berkaitan dengan bilangan bulat
Menentukan bilangan besar sebagai bilangan berpangkat
berpangkat yang terbesar bulat positif
Bilangan Berpangkat Bulat Positif
ap
Bilangan
Pokok
Bilangan Berpangkat
Sifat – sifat Bilangan Berpangkat Bulat Positif
• 24 x 23 = (2 x 2 x 2 x 2 ) x (2 x 2 x 2 )
=2x2x2x2x2x2x2
am x an = am + n = 27
= 24+3
𝑎𝑚 • 55 : 53 = (5 x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5) : (5 x 5 x 5)
a m : an = = am - n =5x5
= 52
𝑎𝑛 = 55 – 3
• (34)2 = 34 x 34
(am)n = am x n = (3 x 3 x 3 x 3) x (3 x 3 x 3 x 3)
= (3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3)
= 38
• (4 x 2)3= (4 x 2) x (4 x 2) x (4 x 2)
(a x b)m = am x bm • = (4 x 4 x 4) x (2 x 2 x 2)
= 4 3 x 23
• (6 : 3)4= (6 : 3) x (6 : 3) x (6 : 3) x (6 : 3)
(a : b)m = am : bm = (6 x 6 x 6 x 6) : (3 x 3 x 3 x 3)
= 6 4 : 34
Menyatakan Bilangan Menjadi
Bilangan Berpangkat Bulat Positif
Faktor Bilangan
Bilangan bulat a dikatakan faktor dari bilangan bulat b jika ada bilangan bulat n
sedemikian sehingga a x n = b
Contoh:
2 dikatakan faktor dari 6 karena ada bilangan 3 sedemikian sehingga 2 x 3 = 6
Setelah memahami tentang faktor, kalian dapat mengubah bilangan yang
sangat besar menjadi bilangan berpangkat. Untuk menentukan faktor-faktor
dari bilangan desimal tersebut, salah satu caranya adalah dengan membagi
bilangan tersebut secara langsung.
Contoh:
Ubahlah bilangan berikut menjadi bilangan berpangkat
bulat positif !
81 : 3
27 : 3
9 : 3
3 : 3
81 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34
Membandingkan Bilangan Berpangkat
Besar
Contoh
34= 3 x 3 x 3 x 3= 81
43= 4 x 4 x 4 = 64
Jadi, 34 lebih besar dari 43 atau 34 > 43
Kelipatan Persekutuan
Daftar sepuluh kelipatan bilangan berikut secara urut dari yang terkecil hingga terbesar.
Kelipatan yang dimaksud adalah kelipatan bilangan bulat positif.
Tabel. 1.13 Kelipatan bilangan bulat positif
Bilangan a a×1 a×2 a×3 a×4 a×5 a×6 a×7 a×8 a×9 a × 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
4 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
6 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
7 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
8 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80
Menentukan KPK dengan Faktorisasi Prima
Contoh 1.38
168
90
2 84
2 45
2 42
3 15
2 21
90 = 2 × 3^2 × 5 3 5 3 7
168 = 2^3 × 3 × 7
Alternati
Penyelesaian
f
9 15 42 3
Keterangan:
3 5 14 2 Tanda panah merah berarti bilangan tersebut tidak terbagi
habis oleh pembaginya.
3 5 7 7 Langkah 2: Kalikan semua pembagi
KPK dari 9, 15, dan 42 adalah 3 × 2 × 7 × 5 × 3 = 630
3 5 1 5
3 1 1 3
1 1 1
Menentukan FPB dengan Faktorisasi Prima
Contoh 1.38
168
90
2 84
2 45
2 42
3 15
2 21
90 = 2 × 3^2 × 5 3 5 3 7
168 = 2^3 × 3 × 7
Langkah 2 : Mengalikan semua faktor-faktor yang sama pada masing-masing
bilangan dengan ketentuan : pilih yang pangkat terendah.
FPB dari 90 dan 168 adalah 2 × 3 = 6.
Menentukan FPB dengan Pembagian Bersusun
Contoh 1.39
Alternati
Penyelesaian
f
1 1 2 2
1 1 1 2
Menentukan KPK dengan Menggunakan Excel
Lowest Common multiple atau least common multiple
Langkah 1 : Klik Formulas, kemudian klik Math & Trigh, Pilih LCM
Langkah 2 : Masukan angka di =LCM(..,..)
Menentukan FPB dengan Menggunakan Excel
greatest common divisor (GCD)
Langkah 1 : Klik Formulas, kemudian klik Math & Trigh, Pilih GCD
Langkah 2 : Masukan angka di =GCD(..,..)
Langkah 1 : Membuat Slider dengan Bilangan bulat a dan b dengan vertikal
Langkah 2 : Meletakan pondasi supaya ukurannya sesuai
Langkah 3 : Membuat bayangan
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