Oleh:
• Potensi zoonosis
7th AP CVBD/Helminthic Zoonosis Forum
(KL, September 2017)
Vector Transmission
– Ticks
– Flea Tick
– Flies
– Mosquitoes
Horsefly
Mosquito
Companion Vector Borne Diseases (CVBD):
– Babesiosis
– Anaplasmosis
– Ehrlichiosis
– Hepatozoonosis
– Heartworm disease
– Tick paralysis
– etc.
– Terjadinya luka-luka
traumatik kulit pada anjing
• Babesiosis pada
anjing (Canine
babesiosis)
merupakan penyakit
infeksi parasit darah
yang disebabkan
oleh Babesia spp.
Adakah kasus CVBD
di Indonesia??
The Data Review and Interview of
some Clinics/Hospital
• Asia
• Afrika
• Amerika
• Europe
• Oceania
Gejala Klinis Babesiosis ??
Gejala Klinis Babesiosis
• Anoreksia
• Lethargi
• Demam (Fever)
• BB turun
• Ikterus
• Pigmenturia (urin
berwarna merah)
• Kelemahan umum
Gejala klinis..
• Tissue hypoxia
• Acute renal failure
• Hepatopathy
• Pulmonary edema
• Cerebral babesiosis
Gambaran Darah Babesiosis ??
Gambaran Darah
• Hemolitik anemia
(normositik
normokromik, anemia
berat)
• Lekositosis (netrofilia,
monositosis)
• Thrombositopenia
• Hipoalbuminemia
• Hiperglobulinemia
Cara Penularan / transmisi ??
Transmisi
1. Caplak yang mengandung Babesia spp
menularkan ke anjing melalui gigitan
2. Dari anjing ke anak anjing melalui
transuterin
3. Direct transmision: dari anjing ke anjing
4. Melalui transfusi darah
Siklus Hidup
Siklus hidup Babesia spp pada
hospes vertebrata
Babesia species of dogs, their vectors, and
geographic distribution
species Vector(s) Size(µm) Geographic Distribution
Haemaphysalis
B. rossi 2x5 Africa
Ellitica (leachi)
Dermacentor
B. canis 2x5 Europa
reticulatus
Rhepicephalus
B. vogeli 2.5 x 4.5 Asia, Africa, America, Australia, Europa
sanguineus
Haemaphysalis
longicornis Asia, USA, Brasil, Australia, Europa
B. gibsoni 1x3
H. (rare)
R. sanguineus?
B. conradae R. sanguineus? 0.3 – 3 California
B. vulpes (B.
microtilike; Spain (northwestern Spain), Portugal,
Ixodes hexagonus? 1 x 2.5
Theileria Croatia, North America in foxes
annae)
(WSAVA, 2015)
Cara Diagnosis Babesiosis ?
Diagnosis Babesiosis
• Gejala klinis
• Pemeriksaan dengan
mikroskop : Babesia spp
di dalam sel darah merah
• Pemeriksaan patologi
klinik
• Serologi
• Molecular diagnosis: PCR
• Molecular genotyping:
specify speciation
Treatment Babesiosis
Treatment
• Doxicycline : 10 mg/kg BB : 21 hari
• Imidocarb dipropionate (6 mg/kg BB,
IM, setiap 2 minggu): B Canis, B
vogeli
• Kombinasi atovaquone (13 mg/kg
BB, PO, q8h, 10 hari) dan
azithromycin (10 mg/kg BB, PO, q
24h, 10 hari): B gibsoni
• Diminazine aceturate (5 mg/kg,
single dose): B canis dan B gibsoni
• Blood transfusion, Fluid therapy
• Therapy supportive
• Tick collar
Kontrol Vektor !!
Pengendalian Vektor
• Anjing bebas dari infestasi caplak
• Starting in 2014,
began to document
CVBD cases
Persentase pasien Babesiosis di
KLINIK HEWAN JOGJA tahun 2014
The recapitulation of CVBD cases
in "Klinik Hewan Jogja" during 2014-2016
Examples of Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis
positive patients
Anaplasma sp
Ehrlichia sp
Differensial diagnosis
Trombosit Neutrofil
Molecular
examination
–A = airway
–B = breathing
–C = circulation
A = airway
• Airway
• Cardiovascular • Pelvis
• Respiratory • Limbs
• Abdomen • Arteries/veins
• Spine
• Nerves
• Head