Isi:
1.Pendahuluan
2.Definisi
3.Klasifikasi
4.Epidemiologi
5.Patogenesis
6.Gambaran Klinik
7.Pendekatan Diagnosis
8.Diferensial Diagnosis
9.Pengobatan
10.Prognosis
11.Kesimpulan
PENDAHULUAN
DEFINISI
Dyspepsia (Rome II): Perasaan tidak nyaman di daerah epigastrium
Diagnostic Criteria (Rome II):
At least 12 weeks, which need not be consecutive, in the preceding 12
months of:
1) Persistent or recurrent dyspepsia
2) No evidence of organic disease that is likely to explain symptoms; and
3) No evidence that dyspepsia is exclusively relieved by defecation or
associated with onset of a change in stool frequency or form (not irritable
bowel).
Rome III- similar to Rome II but now FD is broken down into two
subgroups based on a complex of symptom features:
1) Postprandial distress syndrome
2) Epigastric pain syndrome
KLASIFIKASI
Banyak penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan sindroma dyspepsia
Secara garis besar dibagi:
▪ Organik dan Fungsional
Organik: 40%
ulkus peptikum, tumor gastrointestinal, Kronik intestinal ischemia, penyakit-penyakit
pankreatikobilier, akibat obat-obatan termasuk NSAID gastropathy
Fungsional: 60%
Bila dispepsia organik telah disingkirkan
Konsensus Rome II menetapkan symptom based diagnostic criteria dengan 3
subtype: Ulcer-like dyspepsia, Dysmotility-like dyspepsia dan unspecified (non-
spesifik dyspepsia)
Konsensus Rome III: merevisi Rome II menjadi 2 subtype yaitu post prandial
distress syndrome dan epigastric pain syndrome
EPIDEMIOLOGI
Prevalensi Dyspepsia +/- 25% dengan variasi 3-15%
bila GERD dikeluarkan
Functional dyspepsia
+ -
Eradicate
Trial of acid suppression Trial of prokinetic medication
Functional Dyspepsia
Ulcer-like Dysmotility-like
Education/lifestyle modification
Test Hp
+ -
Success Failure
Investigate Trial of prokinetic
MANAGEMENT OF DYSMOTILITY-LIKE
FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA
Dysmotility-like Symptoms Dominant
Educate/lifestyle modification
Trial of prokinetic
medication
Success Failure
Eradicate
Consider H22
Success Failure antagonists, tricyclics
LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION FOR
PATIENTS WITH
FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA
Small frequent meals
Stop smoking
Reduce alcohol
Reduce caffeine
Avoid irritating foodstuffs
Maintain an ideal weight
Review medications
REASSURANCE
Patient anxiety or irrational fears
Limited data
Improvement in psychological well-being index but lack of
durability 1
RCT showed prompt endoscopy led to greater patient
satisfaction compared with empiric H2RA therapy2
Biased by patient expectation
Alternate
PPI - BMT BID Bismuth 2 tabs qid
Metronidazole 250 mg qid
Tetracycline 500 mg qid
PROGNOSIS