APLIKASI K3 PADA

PRAKTIK KIMIA ANALITIK

Aulia Ratri Hapsari, S.Si., M.Sc.
Working in Laboratory

▪ Before working  familiarize with safety features of

laboratory
▪ Harus menggunakan goggles (safety glasses)  protect
eyes from liquid
▪ Contact lenses are not recommended  uap dapat
terjebak diantara lensa dan mata
▪ Gunakan gloves ketika menuangkan asam pekat
▪ Do not eat or drink in the lab
Working in Laboratory

▪ Pelarut organic, asam pekat dan ammonia pekat harus

di-handle di lemari asam
▪ Semua botol harus diberi label  menunjukkan apa yang
ada dalam botol
▪ Unlabeled bottle??
▪ expensive disposal problem  because the contents must
be analyzed before they can be legally discarded
Analytical Balance

▪ Timbangan analitik menggunakan

gaya elektromagnetik untuk
menimbang
▪ Untuk menimbang  digunakan
kertas timbang/botol timbang
 Untuk melindungi timbangan dari
korosi
▪ hati-hati untuk tidak menjatuhkan
bahan kimia di bawah balance pan
Analytical Balance

Analytical balance  kebersihan (cleanliness) = esensial

untuk mendapatkan hasil yang akurat
● hilangkan debu dengan cara ditiup (blowing) atau
menggunakan kuas/sikat (soft brush)
● hilangkan bahan kimia menggunakan kuas/sikat (soft
brush)
● gunakan kertas timbang, jangan pernah menaruh bahan
kimia di atas balance pan secara langsung
 Analytical Balance
▪ Sample setelah pengeringan di oven harus
didinginkan hingga temperatur ruang selama 30
menit
 Selama pendingin disimpan dalam desikator
 Desikator  wadah tertutup yang mengandung
agen pengering yang disebut dengan desikan
 Setelah menaruh sample yang masih panas,
biarkan tutupnya terbuka beberapa menit hingga
suhu sample agak turun sedikit
 prevents the lid from popping open when the
air inside warms up
 Membuka desikator  digeser ke samping,
bukan diangkat ke atas
 Analytical Balance

▪ Sample harus ditimbang pada suhu ambient (suhu lingkungan

sekitar)  untuk mencegah adanya aliran udara hasil konveksi
▪ saat penimbangan, tutup kaca timbangan harus ditutup
▪ Timbangan harus diletakkan di atas meja (heavy table, ex: marble
slab) untuk meminimalkan adanya getaran
▪ Sebisa mungkin sample yang ditimbang berada di tengah
weighing/balance pan
 Buret

▪ to measure the volume of liquid delivered

through the stopcock (the valve) at the bottom
▪ When reading the liquid level in a buret, your
eye should be at the same height as the top of
the liquid
▪ If your eye is too high, the liquid seems to be
higher than it really is
▪ If your eye is too low, the liquid appears too low
▪ The error that occurs when your eye is not at the
same height as the liquid is called parallax
 Volumetric Flask

▪ To use a volumetric flask:

▪ dissolve the desired mass of reagent in the flask by swirling with less than
the final volume of liquid
▪ Then add more liquid and swirl the solution again.
▪ Adjust the final volume with as much well-mixed liquid in the flask as
possible. (When two different liquids are mixed, there is generally a small
volume change. The total volume is not the sum of the two volumes
that were mixed)
▪ For good control, add the final drops of liquid with a pipet, not a squirt
bottle
▪ After adjusting the liquid to the correct level, hold the cap firmly in place
and invert the flask several times to complete mixing.
Volumetric Flask

▪ Alternatively, the substance(s)

can be dissolved in a small
container and the solution
poured into the flask along a
glass rod
▪ Fill to the graduation mark.
▪ (This method is recommended
for the preparation of titrated
chemical reagents.)
Volumetric Flask

▪ The temperature at which liquids should be measured is

etched on the flask
▪ Liquids expand with heat and contract with cold. Never
measure hot liquids, or cold liquids just taken from the
refrigerator
▪ Kaca  cenderung mengadsorp kation
▪ Glassware harus dicuci dengan asam (acid wash) untuk
menggantikan kation pada permukaan kaca dengan H +.
▪ Dilakukan perendaman dalam 3-6 M HCl atau HNO3
selama > 1 jam
▪ Kemudian dibilas menggunakan akuades dan terakhir
direndam dalam akuades
Pipets

Ada 2 jenis pipet:

▪ Transfer pipet / pipet gondok / pipet volume
▪ Measuring pipet / pipet ukur
▪ Transfer pipet is more accurate
Using transfer pipet
▪ suck liquid up past the calibration mark
▪ Discard one or two pipet volumes of liquid to rinse traces of previous reagents
from the pipet
▪ After taking up a third volume past the calibration mark, Wipe the excess liquid off
the outside of the pipet with a clean tissue
▪ Touch the tip of the pipet to the side of a beaker and drain the liquid until the
bottom of the meniscus just reaches the center of the mark
▪ dont leave part of a drop hanging when the liquid reaches the calibration mark
▪ Transfer the pipet to a receiving vessel and drain it while holding the tip against the
wall of the vessel
▪ After liquid stops draining, hold the pipet to the wall for a few more seconds to
complete draining
▪ Do not blow out the last drop
Filtration

▪ Hasil pengendapan dari analisis gravimetric  disaring, dicuci

kemudian dikeringkan
▪ Penyaringan sederhana  kertas saring dan corong kaca
▪ fold the paper into quarters
▪ tear off one corner (to allow a firm fit into the funnel)
▪ place the paper in the funnel
Filtration

▪ The filter paper should fit snugly and be

seated with some distilled water
▪ When liquid is poured in, an unbroken
stream of liquid should fill the stem of the
funnel
▪ For filtration, pour the slurry of precipitate
down a glass rod to prevent splattering 
dekantir
▪ A slurry is a suspension of solid in liquid
Pembuatan larutan peraksi
serta pemantauan
kualitasnya
 Larutan Baku dalam Metode Titrasi

Titrasi Netralisasi

▪ Kalium hidrogen ptalat (C8H5KO4)

▪ Benzoid acid Asam
▪ HCl
▪ Natrium karbonat
▪ Natrium borat/boraks (Na2B4O7.10 H2O) Basa
▪ NaOH
▪ KOH
 Larutan Baku dalam Metode Titrasi

Titrasi pengendapan
▪ AgNO3
▪ KCNS
Titrasi Pembentukan kompleks
▪ Na2EDTA
Titrasi Redoks
▪ IO3-
▪ KMnO4
 Larutan Baku dalam Metode Titrasi

▪ Kata “konsentrasi” merupakan istilah umum yang digunakan untuk

menunjukkan jumlah suatu zat dalam suatu larutan dengan volume
tertentu
▪ Dalam analisis kuantitatif titrimetri, unit kuantitatif dasar yang digunakan
ialah mol
▪ Larutan baku lebih sering ditunjukkan dalam bentuk Molaritas (M)
▪ Molaritas
▪ Jumlah mol zat terlarut dalam tiap 1 L larutan
 Larutan Baku dalam Metode Titrasi

▪ Mol = Massa suatu zat dibagi dengan Mr/Ar

▪ Contoh:
H2SO4 (Mr= 98,074 g/mol)
▪ 1 M H2SO4 mengandung 98,074 gram H2SO4 dalam 1 L larutan
▪ 1 M H2SO4 mengandung 49,037 gram H2SO4 dalam 500 mL larutan
▪ 0,1 M H2SO4 mengandung 9,8074 gram H2SO4 dalam 1 L larutan

▪ Konsentrasi suatu larutan X dapat diketahui selama massa dari zat X

dalam volume tertentu larutan juga diketahui
 Larutan Baku dalam Metode Titrasi

▪ Molarity are commonly used in titrimetric analysis

▪ Another concept employed  Normalitas (N)
▪ Normalitas
▪ Konsentrasi ekuivalen dari suatu larutan

Normalitas = Molaritas x ekuivalen (valensi)

▪ Contoh :
▪ 1 M H2SO4 = 2 N H2SO4
▪ 2 mol ion H+ terdapat dalam larutan  valensi = 2
Preparation of Standard Solution

▪ Preparing a Solution with a Desired Molarity

▪ Dilution (Pengenceran)

▪ The molarity of “concentrated” HCl purchased for laboratory use is

approximately 12.1 M. How many milliliters of this reagent should be
diluted to 1.000 L to make 0.100 M HCl? (8,26 mL)