3. Gejala dari ISPA berat Seseorang balita dinyatakan menderita ISPA berat jika dijumpai gejala-gejala ISPA ringan atau
ISPA sedang disertai satu atau lebih gejala-gejala sebagai berikut :
• Bibir atau kulit membiru
• Anak tidak sadar atau kesadaran menurun.
• Pernapasan berbunyi seperti mengorok dan anak tampak gelisah.
• Sela iga tertarik ke dalam pada waktu bernafas.
• Nadi cepat lebih dari 160 kali per menit atau tidak teraba.
• Tenggorokan berwarna merah
Patofisiologi
Patofisiologi ISPA Perjalanan klinis penyakit ISPA dimulai dengan
berinteraksinya virus dengan tubuh. Masuknya virus sebagai
antigen ke saluran pernafasan menyebabkan silia yang terdapat pada
permukaan saluran nafas bergerak ke atas mendorong virus ke arah
faring atau dengan suatu tangkapan refleks spasmus oleh laring.Jika
refleks tersebut gagal maka virus merusak lapisan epitel dan lapisan
mukosa saluran pernafasan dan menyebabkan Iritasi virus pada
kedua lapisan tersebut menyebabkan timbulnya batuk kering
(Jeliffe, 1974). Kerusakan stuktur lapisan dinding saluran
pernafasan menyebabkan kenaikan aktifitas kelenjar mukus yang
banyak terdapat pada dinding saluran nafas, sehingga terjadi
pengeluaran cairan mukosa yang melebihi noramal. Rangsangan
cairan yang berlebihan tersebut menimbulkan gejala batuk
(Kending and Chernick, 1983).
Perjalanan klinis penyakit ISPA ini dapat dibagi menjadi empat tahap, yaitu:
01 02
Tahap prepatogenesis, penyebab lapisan epitel dan lapisan mukosa.
telah ada tetapi penderita belum Tubuh menjadi lemah apalagi bila
menunjukkan reaksi apa-apa. keadaan gizi dan daya tahan
sebelumnya memang sudah
rendah.
03 munculnya gejala
penyakit.Timbul gejala demam
dan batuk.
04 Tahap lanjut penyakit, dibagi
menjadi empat, yaitu dapat
sembuh sempurna, sembuh
dengan ateletaksis, menjadi kronis
dan dapat meninggal akibat
pneumonia.
Menurut Saputro (2013), Pemeriksaan
penunjang yang lazim dilakukan adalah:
1 DS :
Banyak anak yang mengalami Kurangnya
ISPA ini dibabkan karena banyak Pengetahuan b/d
Sekolah juga kurang memberikan
anak yang tidak mengetahui apa Kurangnya
penyuluhan teentang bahayanya
itu ISPA, dan pihak sekolah Pengetahuan
ISPA pada siswa siswa, yang
jarang memberikan pembelajaran Kesehatan Tentang
mngakibatkan banyak siswa
tentang ISPA. Penyakit
yang kurang mengetahui bahayanya
penyakit ISPA
DO :
Siswa banyak yang kurang
mengetahui apa itu ISPA
DS :
2
Tindakan yang kecil yang beresiko Prilaku kesehatan
wilayah sekolah yang cukup dekat
tinggi membuat terjadinya gelonjak cendrung beresiko
dengan jalan yang banyak kedaraaan
penyakit ISPA yang banyak di b/d gaya hidup
lalu lalang yang lokasi sekolah tersebut
lakukan di komunitas sperti
deekat dengan pabrik penggilingan
banyaknya yang merokok di
padi, yang mnegakibatkan banyak
kawasan komunitas tersebut, dan
apolusi udara.
banyak anak anak juga sudah mulai
DO :Dari pernyataan kader di
merokok
puskesmas skitar banyak warga juga
tekena pneumnia, dan ISPA, krena
banyaknya yang merokok di kawasan
komunitas tersebut, dan kader juga
mengataka banyak anak anak jga sudah
mulai merokok
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1 DS : D.0111
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Kurangnya i
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Luaran utama: Edukasi
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yang mngakibatkan u
- Pemeliharaan
banyak siswa yang Penyakit h
i kesehatan menerima
d
informasi
u
kurang mengetahui p
Setelah dilakukan
b
faktor yang
i
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h
keperawatan selama 3
d
a
hari maka Tingkat dapat
n
menurunkan
membaik, dengan
a
t
perilaku hidup
• S
• Peri
e
d
Luaran utama: Tingkat Edukasi Kesehatan
Pengetahuan Luaran Observasi:
tambahan: • Identifikasi kesiapan dan kemampuan menerima
- Manajemen informasi
kesehatan • Identifikasi faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan
- Pemeliharaan kesehatan dan menurunkan motivasi perilaku perilaku hidup
bersih dan sehat
Setelah dilakukan intervensi
keperawatan selama 3 hari maka
Terapeutik:
Tingkat Peengetahuan membaik,
dengan kriteria hasil: • Sediaakan materi dan media pendidikan kesehatan
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Mechanical
Electrical energy
energy
Venus is the second planet Jupiter is the biggest
from the Sun planet of them all
Potential energy
Venus has a beautiful name and is PE
the second planet from the Sun. It’s
hot and has a poisonous atmosphere
Kinetic energy
Mercury is the closest planet to the
KE Sun and the smallest one in the
Solar System—it’s only a bit larger
than the Moon
9h 55m 23s
Is Jupiter's rotation period
333,000
Earths is the Sun’s mass
386,000 km
the distance between Earth and the Moon
Examples of objects with KE
Meteors Ball
Neptune is far away Mars is actually a very
from us cold place
Walking Airplane
Saturn is composed of Venus is the second
hydrogen and helium planet from the Sun
KE = 1/2 mv 2
Potential Kinetic
energy energy
You can use this graph
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest planet
of them all
Saturn
It’s composed of hydrogen
and helium
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here.
For more info, click here
This is another graph
Class A
Jupiter is the biggest planet
of them all
Class B
Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun
Class C
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the Saturn is composed of
new one here. For more info, click here hydrogen and helium
Forms of kinetic energy
Easy way to remember the forms of energy
Nuclear Electrical
Energy
Chemical Light (Radiant)
types
Mechanical Sound
Saturn is composed of Earth is the only planet
hydrogen and helium known to harbor life
Electrical
Neptune is the fourth-
largest planet
This is a map
Venus
Venus has very high
temperatures
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest
planet
Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant
with rings
Awesome
words
Example kinetic and
potential energy
Jupiter Mars
Jupiter is a gas giant and Mars is actually a cold
Mercury 2 Saturn 4
Mercury is the closest Saturn is composed of
planet to the Sun hydrogen and helium
Some percentages
20% 80%
Mass Velocity
Jupiter is the biggest Despite being red, Mars
planet of them all is a cold place
Quiz: which one is kinetic energy?
A B
Nuclear Chemical
Jupiter is a gas giant and Mars is actually a cold
the biggest planet place. It’s full of iron
C D
Gravitational Electrical
Mercury is the closest Saturn is composed of
planet to the Sun hydrogen and helium
D
Correct!
Saturn is composed of hydrogen
and helium
Let’s do an exercise
Circle T if the statement is TRUE or F if it is FALSE. You may use
a dictionary to help you
Radiant Sound
Venus has a beautiful name and Despite being red, Mars is
high temperatures actually a cold place
Thermal Electrical
Earth is the only planet known Jupiter is the biggest planet in
to harbor life the Solar System
What is KE?
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold
place
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Activity 1: Bottle racer
Materials Steps
● Plastic bottle
● PVC pipe 1 Assembly 2 Bend
● Electric drill Jupiter is a gas giant Mercury is the
● Hammer and the biggest smallest planet of
● Box nail planet them all
● Paper clips
● Drinking straw
3 Pull 4 Screw
Venus has extremely Earth is the only
high temperatures planet known to
harbor life
Questions: Activity 1
Q1 Q2
Weight
Mass
Gravity
Motion
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Weight
Try again!
Mass
Gravity
Motion
Correct!
Weight
Mass
Gravity
Motion
Activity 3: Question quiz
B.
C.
D.
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