SKENARIO 1

Mahasiswa Belajar
Pembelahan Sel

Kelompok A1
 Kelompok A1
Ketua Ahmad Zanuardi Hasan Wahid (1102023009)

Sekretaris Agna Fauziah (1102023007)

Haura Siti Z (1102022113)

Abid Rizqullaah Shajat (1102023001)

Acedha Monic Dewani Kusuma (1102023002)

Achmad Farhan Athaillah (1102023003)

Anggota
Adawiyah Azzahra (1102023004)

Adisti Syahira Hidayat (1102023005)

Adzra Taqiya (1102023006)

Agnes Putri Widiyaningsih (1102023008)

 Kata Sulit
1. Pembelahan sel : Proses dimana sel membelah menjadi dua atau lebih
yang terjadi pada organisme eukariotik dan
Multiseluler. (Campbell 2021)
2. Ovum : sel reproduksi Wanita.
3. Sperma : sel reproduksi yang dimiliki pria untuk membuahi
ovum
4. Jaringan : susunan dari sel sel.
5. Siklus sel : fungsi sel yang paling mendasar berupa duplikasi akurat
sejumlah besar dan ada di dalam kromosom
6. Gamet : sel yang terlibat dalam reproduksi makhluk hidup
7. Pembelahan Meiosis : pembelahan sel yang menghasilkan 4 sel Anakan yang masing
masing memiliki separuh dari jumlah kromosom sel induk
8. Sel : unit struktural dan Fungsional dari sebuah makhluk hidup
9. Pembelahan Mitosis : pembelahan sel yang menghasilkan dua sel Anakan memiliki
jumlah kromosom yang sama dengan sel induk
BRAINSTORMING
1. Kenapa mitosis hanya terjadi pada
jaringan pertumbuhan? 2. Bagaimana pembelahan mitosis dan
Meiosis?

Karena pembelahan mitosis memiliki fungsi untuk Keduanya memiliki satu pembelahan yang
pertumbuhan sel tubuh dan meregenerasi sel-sel sama bernama interfase tahapannya adalah
yang rusak pada tubuh dan mempertahankan G1, Sintesis dan G2
jumlah kromosom
3.Apa yang membedakan antara pembelahan
mitosis dan Meiosis?
4. Apakah satu saat yang sama bisa melakukan dua
pembelahan yang berbeda?
Perbedaan mitosis dan Meiosis pada hasil sel anak.
Hasil sel mitosis sama dengan sel induk, sedangkan Dalam satu sel yang sama tidak dapat
Meiosis berbeda dengan sel induk nya dan di jumlah melakukan pembelahan yang sama karena
sel Anakan juga komposisi genetik. Jika mitosis dalam mitosis dan meiosis menghasilkan sel
berjumlah 4 Haploid, meiosis 2 diploid. Jumlah Anakan yang berbeda
pembelahan, mitosis satu kali jika meiosis dua kali

5. Pembelahan apa yang terjadi di dalam ovum
dan sperma?
Pembelahan yang terjadi di dalam ovum dan sperma :
- Mitosis, karena di dalam pembelahan ovum dan
sperma terjadi proses oogenesis yaitu pembelahan
yang menghasilkan sel Gamet yang identik
- Meiosis, karena pada pembelahan sel ovum dan
sperma menghasilkan 4 gamet Anakan dengan
masing masing kromosom setengah dari Induknya, di
dalam meiosis terjadi dua tahapan yaitu meiosis satu
dan dua
6. Bagaimana proses siklus sel ?
Mitosis:
1. Profase :kromosom sudah mengganda kemudian
memadat membran inti sudah menjadi rusak
dan menjadi bagian bagian kecil
2. Metafase :kromosom sudah berjajar pada bidang
pembelahan
3. Anafase : kromosom bergerak menuju kutub yang
berlawanan dan pada akhir anafase kedua kutub
sel memiliki kromosom yang jumlahnya sama
4. Telofase : Membran inti mulai kembali bergabung dan
terbentuk dua sel Anakan bersifat diploid
Meiosis:
Terjadi 2 kali yaitu Meiosis 1 dan 2, sebelum terjadi Meiosis 1 terjadi
fase yang disebut interfase yaitu sel melakukan hal yang sama
pada pembelahan mitosis
 7. Apa yang terjadi jika kedua pembelahan itu
gagal?
8. Jaringan apa yang terdapat di
pembelahan mitosis?
Akan mengakibatkan kelainan pada makhluk hidup karena akan
menghasilkan kromosom yang berbeda
Contoh:
● Sindrom Klenefelter, kegagala pada pembelahan Meiosis
● Pada pertumbuhan pembelahan mitosis terjadi di
● Down sindrom, kegagalan pada pembelahan mitosis jaringan Meristem seperti pada ujung akar dan
● Sindrom turner ujung tunas Batang
● Edward syndrome yaitu kromosom 3 copies ada kelainan di hati ● Pada manusia terdapat jaringan epitel dan
menyebabkan kematian penyambung
● Pada sel terjadi pada sel somatik (semua sel dalam
Jika proses meiosis terjadi kegagalan maka berpotensi menyebabkan
kelainan kromosom pada calon bayi dan menyebabkan keguguran dan bayi
tubuh) kecuali sel kelamin (sel gamet)
lahir mati
Jika kegagalan mitosis akan menghasilkan jumlah kromosom yang tidak
sesuai sehingga memicu mutasi contoh penyakit kanker
 HIPOTESA
Jadi siklus sel itu ada 2 yaitu interphase dan mitosis. Proses di
interphase ini berlangsung lebih lama dibanding mitosis. Proses
interphase mulai dari G1-sintesis-G2. Setelah itu masuk ketahap
mitosis. Kemudian pembelahan sel terbagi menjadi 2 yaitu mitosis dan
meiosis. Proses pembelahan mitosis dan meiosis itu mulai dari
prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase. Keduanya memiliki
perbedaan yang umum dilihat dari jumlah sel anakannya (mitosis 2,
meiosis 4), juga dari jumlah pembelahannya (mitosis 1, meiosis 2). Dan
jika terjadi kegagalan pada saat pembelahan maka akan
mengakibatkan kelainan fisik,kecatatan dan syndrom pada anak.
 SASARAN BELAJAR
1. Memahami dan menjelaskan siklus sel
2. Memahami dan menjelaskan pembelahan sel
2.1 Pembelahan Mitosis
2.2 Pembelahan Meiosis
2.3 Perbedaan Mitosis & Meiosis
3. Memahami dan menjelaskan kelainan yang disebabkan oleh
kegagalan pembelahan sel
 Table of contents
01 03
Introduction Mitosis studies
You can describe the topic of the You can describe the topic of the
section here section here

02 04
Cell cycle phases Our team
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section here section here
 01
Introduction
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
 What is the cell cycle & mitosis?
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the entire Solar
System. Contrary to popular belief, this
planet's name has nothing to do with the
liquid metal. Mercury was, instead, named
after the famous Roman messenger god
Mercurius
Mercury takes a little more than 58 days
to complete its rotation, so try to imagine
how long days must be there! Since the
temperatures are so extreme, albeit not as
extreme as on Venus, Mercury has been
deemed to be non-habitable for humans
 Interphase and mitosis

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 Cell cycle
Cell
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in
the Solar System—it’s only a bit
larger than the Moon
Replication
Venus has a beautiful name and
is the second planet from the Sun.
It’s hot and has a poisonous
atmosphere
 Cancer and cell cycle regulation

Cancer Cell growth Regulators

Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is
planet to the Sun and the and is the second planet actually a cold place. It’s
smallest of them all from the Sun full of iron oxide dust
 Mitosis vs meiosis

Cell division Proteins

Mars is actually a very Venus has extremely high
cold place temperatures

Stages Reproduction
Jupiter is the biggest Saturn is a gas giant and
planet of them all has several rings
 Basic differences mitosis - meiosis

Mitosis Meiosis
Type of reproduction Asexual Sexual

Count of daughter cells 2 daughters 4 daughters

Altered number of chromosomes Same Halved

Count of cell division cycles 1 division 2 divisions

 Important concepts

Chromosome Cell Mitosis

Mars is actually a very Venus has extremely high Neptune is the farthest
cold place temperatures planet from the Sun

Bacteria DNA Cancer

Mercury is the closest Saturn is a gas giant with Jupiter is the biggest
planet to the Sun several rings planet of them all
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98,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 9h 55m 23s
Jupiter's rotation period

333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
 Let’s use some percentages

25% 50% 75%

Mercury Venus Mars

Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is
planet to the Sun and the and is the second planet actually a cold place. It’s
smallest of them all from the Sun full of iron oxide dust
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Mitotic diseases studies
Cancer
Venus is the second planet
from the Sun

Microcephaly
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun

Progeria
Despite being red, Mars is
a very cold place
 Mitosis study process
Sample Image Molecular
preparation analysis techniques Data analysis

Earth is the third Despite being red, Jupiter is a gas giant Saturn is a gas giant
planet from the Sun. Mars is actually a and the biggest and is composed of
This is where we all cold place. It’s full of planet in the Solar hydrogen & helium
live iron oxide dust System
 Cell infographic
Transition of
Spindle made up of
microtubules metaphase
Despite being red, Mars is
a very cold place
Chromosomes begin
to condense

Early prophase
Saturn is a gas giant and Condensed
has several rings chromosomes
 Importance of the M phase
Phase Description
Prophase Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the
mitotic spindle forms

Prometaphase The chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers and begin to move towards the center of the cell

Metaphase The chromosomes align at the equator of the cell, forming the metaphase plate

Anaphase The sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell

Telophase The chromosomes reach the poles of the cell, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the
chromosomes begin to decondense

Cytokinesis The cytoplasm divides, resulting in two daughter cells with identical genetic material
 Studies percentages

Mercury 35% 21% Venus

Mercury is the Venus has very
smallest planet high temperatures

Jupiter 12% 32% Saturn

Jupiter is the Saturn is a gas giant
biggest planet with rings

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 Last years studies progressions
24% to 38%
Saturn
Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium

63% to 94%
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest planet
in the Solar System

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03
Mitosis studies
<

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 Mitosis phases

Prophase Metaphase
Mars is actually a very Venus has extremely
cold place high temperatures

Anaphase Telophase
Jupiter is the biggest Saturn is a gas giant and
planet of them all has several rings
 Mitosis importance
Multicellular
organisms Genetic integrity
Despite being red, Mars is Saturn is composed of
actually a cold place Essential process for hydrogen and helium
life

Organs
Prevents mutation maintenance
Earth is the third planet Jupiter is the biggest planet
from the Sun of them all
 Abnormal cell division
Abnormal cell
Cancer
division Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings

Chromosome abnormalities
Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun

Developmental disorders
Pluto is now considered a dwarf planet

Neurodegenerative diseases
Earth is the third planet from the Sun
 Links of interest

Studies
● Venus is the second planet from the Sun
● Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
● Despite being red, Mars is actually cold

Websites
● Ceres is located in the main asteroid belt
● Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun
● Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all
 Our team

Carmen Jones Kim Haytan

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