TUGAS AKHIR
Disusun oleh :
Michael Bindu Hutahaean
12103026
TUGAS AKHIR
Disetujui untuk
Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan
Institut Teknologi Bandung oleh :
RINGKASAN
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ABSTRACT
Drilling and blasting activity in Grasberg surface mine takes an important role within
the whole mining process. Planning and detail technique is required, that is include
technical planning of drill and blast, drilling accuracy, loading and type of explosive
that used at Pushback 7 South known as hard zone area.
Purpose of doing this research is to evaluate the accuracy of Aquila drilling system
(specially the depth accuracy), evaluates the choose of explosive type that used
(Energen/ Powergel), evaluates and notes usage of explosive at Pushback 7 South, to
analyze post blasting fragmentation using Split Desktop 2.0 TM and data obtained
form crusher.
The Percentage of drilling vertical accuracy in sequence, Blast #2 in amount of
72.5%, Blast #3: 64.42%, Blast #4 :77.46%, Blast #5 : 53.01%, Blast #6 is 77.78%,
and Blast #7 is 76.97%. Drilling vertical accuracy is used to decide the explosive
used for each hole.
Split Desktop fragment size P80 for each blast activity are 39.26 cm for Blast #2,
88.51 cm for Blast #3, Blast #4 : 35.01 cm, Blast #5: 46.62 cm, Blast #6 : 23.76 cm,
and 56.66 cm for Blast #7. While data fragment size P80 that obtained from crusher
are 60.1 cm for Blast #2, Blast #3: 66.44 cm, Blast #4:54.74 cm, 45.21 cm for
Blast#6, and 55.4 cm for Blast #7.
With the use of drilling accuracy level that influence explosive used,
recommendation table of explosive based on whole depth is needed.
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KATA PENGANTAR
Pujian dan penyembahan hanya bagi Tuhan Yesus Kristus yang telah
melimpahkan berkat dan kasihNya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan
Tugas Akhir yang berjudul Analisis Ketepatan Pengeboran Vertikal Terhadap
Penggunaan Bahan Peledak Dan Fragmentasi Pada Pushback 7 South Tambang
Terbuka Grasberg PT. Freeport Indonesia. Pada kesempatan ini penulis
mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam
penulisan tugas akhir ini, yaitu :
Penulis juga terbuka terhadap kritik dan saran untuk penyempurnaan laporan
ini. Semoga Tugas Akhir ini dapat berguna bagi ilmu pertambangan.
Michael B. Hutahaean
vi
DAFTAR ISI
RINGKASAN.................................................................................................
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ABSTRACT....................................................................................................
iv
KATA PENGANTAR....................................................................................
DAFTAR ISI...................................................................................................
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR......................................................................................
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BAB
Halaman
I. PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................
1.1. Latar Belakang ................................................................................
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ...........................................................................
1.3. Maksud Dan Tujuan Penelitian........................................................
1.4. Batasan Masalah ..............................................................................
1.5. Metodologi Penelitian ......................................................................
1.6. Manfaat Penelitian ...........................................................................
1
1
1
2
2
3
5
6
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11
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18
20
28
29
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31
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32
33
33
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BAB
Halaman
d. Chemical Stability.........................................................................
e. Characteristic Of Fumes................................................................
3.4. Karakteristik Detonasi Bahan Peledak..............................................
a. Kekuatan Bahan Peledak...............................................................
b. Kecepatan Detonasi.......................................................................
c. Tekanan Detonasi ..........................................................................
d. Tekanan pada lubang ledak...........................................................
34
34
35
35
36
37
38
40
42
42
45
50
53
57
60
64
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V. PEMBAHASAN .......................................................................................
5.1. Keakuratan Pengeboran Vertikal ......................................................
5.2. Hubungan Ketepatan Pengeboran Vertikal dengan Desain
sistem Aquila.....................................................................................
5.3. Penakaran Jumlah Bahan Peledak yang dipakai pada Truk ORICA
5.4. Perhitungan Teoritis Pemakaian Bahan Peledak...............................
5.5. Perbandingan Pemakaian Bahan Peledak antara Truk MMU dan
Perhitungan Manual ..........................................................................
5.5.1. Perbandingan Powergel Antara Penakaran ORICA Vs Perhitungan
Teoritis ..............................................................................................
5.5.2. Perbandingan Energen Antara Penakaran ORICA Vs Perhitungan
Teoritis .............................................................................................
5.6. Distribusi Fragmentasi Hasil Peledakan Di Daerah Penelitian.........
5.6.1. Fragmentasi Dengan Software Split Engineer Desktop 2.0 TM
5.6.2. Fragmentasi Dari Crusher ......................................................
5.7. Tabel Isian Bahan Peledak (Rekomendasi).......................................
65
65
82
82
83
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66
69
70
72
72
74
75
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77
80
84
LAMPIRAN A ..
85
LAMPIRAN B ..
87
LAMPIRAN C ..
121
LAMPIRAN D ..
131
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1. Diagram Alir Penelitian .
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13
Gambar 2.4. Tubuh Bijih Grasberg dan Underground PT. Freeport ......
14
21
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27
27
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38
39
39
Gambar 4.1. Desain Pengeboran pada bench 3670 dan 3655 .................
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44
49
52
56
59
63
68
71
77
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Cadangan Bijih PT. Freeport Indonesia tahun 2006.....
21
22
22
24
29
32
40
64
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Tabel 5.7. Persentase Berat Isian Energen dan Besaran F80 Hasil Olahan
Split Desktop tiap Blast. 76
Tabel 5.8. Persentase Berat Isian Energen dan Besaran F80 dari Crusher
tiap Blast.................................................................................... 78
Tabel 5.9. Tabel Isian Bahan Peledak (Rekomendasi)................................ 81
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