SULIT 4541/2

Section A
Bahagian A
[40 marks]
[40 markah]
Answer all questions.
Jawab semua bahagian dalam bahagian ini.

1. Diagram 1.1 shows the heating curve of solid napthalene, C10H8

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan lengkung pemanasan pepejal naftalena, C10H8.

Diagram 1.1 / Rajah 1.1

(a) (i) Name the process involved in this experiment.
Namakan proses yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(ii) State the type of particle present in napthalene, C 10H8.
Nyatakan jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam naftalene, C10H8.
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) Explain why there is no change in temperature from B to C
Terangkan mengapa tiada perubahan suhu dari B ke C.
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_______________
____________________________________________________________________________
_
[2 marks]
(c) State how the movement of naphthalene particles change from C to D during heating.
Nyatakan bagaimana pergerakan zarah-zarah naftalena berubah semasa pemanasan dari C
dan D.
______________________________________________________________-
_______________
[1 mark]
(d) Diagram 1.2 shows the set-up of the apparatus an experiment to study Process 1.
Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen bagi mengkaji Proses 1

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Diagram 1.2 /
Rajah 1.2

(i) Name the process involved in this experiment.

Namakan proses yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(ii) State the type of particle present in potassium manganate (VII).
Nyatakan jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam kalium manganat (VII).
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(iii) Explain the observation in this experiment based on the kinetic theory of matter.
Terangkan pemerhatian dalam eksperimen ini berdasarkan teori kinetik jirim
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

2. Table 1 shows proton number and nucleon number of atom W, X and Y.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom W, X dan Y.
Atom Proton number Nucleon number
Nombor Proton Nombor Nukleon

W 11 23
X 17 35
Y 17 37

(a) (i) What is meant by proton number?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton?
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[1 mark]
(ii) What is the number of neutron in atom W?
Apakah bilangan neutron dalam atom W?
_________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) Which atoms are isotopes?
Atom-atom yang manakah adalah isotop?
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__________
[1 mark]
(c) Write the electron arrangement of atom X.

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Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X.

___________________________________________________________________-
__________
[1 mark]
(d) (i) Draw the electron arrangement of atom Y. In your digram, show the number of proton and
number of neutron in the nucleus.
Lukiskan susunan elektron atom Y. Dalam rajah anda, tunjukkan bilangan proton dan
bilangan neutron dalam nucleus.

[1 mark]
(ii) What is the number of valence electron of atom Y?
Apakah bilangan elektron valen bagi atom Y?
_________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(iii) Write the formula of ion Y.
Tuliskan formula ion Y.
_________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(e) Write the symbol of atom X in the form of
Tuliskan simbol bagi atom X dalam bentuk .

___________________________________________________________________-
__________
[1 mark]

(f) Diagram 2 shows the symbols for three atoms of carbon.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan simbol bagi tiga atom karbon.

Diagram 2 / Rajah 2

(i) Name one subatomic particles present in the nucleus of carbon atom.
Namakan satu zarah subatom yang terdapat dalam nukleus atom karbon.
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) are isotopes. What is meant by isotopes?

adalah isotop. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(iii) Determine the number of neutrons for the isotope of carbon-14,

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Tentukan bilangan neutron bagi isotop karbon-14,

___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(iv) State one use of carbon-14,
Nyatakan satu kegunaan karbon-14,
___________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

3. Diagram 3 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to determine the empirical formula of
magnesium oxide.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik
magnesium oksida.

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
Table 2 shows the results of this experiment.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini.
Description Mass (g)
Mass of crucible + Lid
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup 34.0
Mass of crucible + Lid + magnesium ribbon
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + pita magnesium 36.4
Mass of crucible + Lid + magnesium oxide
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + magnesium oksida 38.0
Table 2 / Jadual 2

(i) What is the meaning of empirical formula?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(ii) Based on the table, calculate the mass of;
Berdasarkan Jadual, hitungkan jisim bagi;

Magnesium:

Oxygen:

[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the ratio of mole of magnesium atoms to oxygen atoms
Hitungkan nisbah bilangan atom magnesium kepada bilangan mol atom oksigen.
[Relative atomic mass: O=16, Mg=24]

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[1 mark]
(iv) Determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.
Tentukan formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida..
______________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(v) Why the crucible lid was is opened once in a while during the experiment?
Mengapakah penutup mangkuk pijar dibuka sekali sekala?
______________________________________________________________________________
[1 marks]
(vi) How to ensure all magnesium has completely reacted?
Bagaimanakah untuk memastikan semua magnesium bertindak balas dengan lengkap?
______________________________________________________________________________
[1 marks]
(vii) State the name of another metal oxide whose empirical formulae can be determine using the same
technique?
Nyatakan nama suatu logam oksida lain yang formula empiriknya boleh ditentukan
menggunakan teknik ini?
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[1 marks]
(viii) State why the empirical formula of silver oxide cannot be determine by using the same
technique?
Nyatakan mengapa formula empirik kuprum oksida tidak dapat ditentukan dengan menggunakan
teknik yang sama?
______________________________________________________________________________
[1 marks]
4. (a) Calculate the mass, in grams of each of the following.
Hitungkan jisim, dalam gram bagi setiap yang berikut.

(i) 3.5 moles of copper (II) carbonate, CuCO3.

3.5 mol kuprum(II) karbonat, CuCO3.
[Relative Atomic Mass : Cu=64, C=12, O=16]

[1 mark]
(ii) 1.2 moles of sulphuric acid, H2SO4.
1.2 mol asid sulfurik, H2SO4.
[Relative Atomic Mass: H=1, S=32, O=16]

[1 mark]

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(b) Calculate the number of mole for each of` the following:
Hitungkan bilangan mol untuk setiap yang berikut:
(i) 14.625 g of sodium chloride, NaCl
14.625 g natrium klorida, NaCl
[Relative Atomic Mass: Na=23, Cl=35.5]

[1 mark]
(ii) 14.8 g of hydrated copper(II) sulphate, CuSO4.5H2O
14.8 g kuprum(II) sulfat terhidrat, CuSO4.5H2O
[Relative Atomic Mass: H=1;O= 16; S= 32; Cu= 64]

[1 mark]
(c) Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following reactions:
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang untuk setiap tindak balas berikut:
(i) Copper(II) oxide + hydrogen copper + water
Kuprum(II) oksida + hidrogen kuprum + air

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[1 mark]
(ii) Calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
Kalsium karbonat kalsium oksida + karbon dioksida

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[1 mark]
(iii) Magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + water
Magnesium oksida + asid hidroklorik magnesium klorida + air
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[1 mark]

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(d) The following equation shows the decomposition of zinc nitrate when heated strongly.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan penguraian zink nitrat apabila dipanaskan dengan kuat.
2Zn(NO3)2 2ZnO + 4NO2 + O2
What is the mass of zinc oxide formed when 3.78 g of zinc nitrate are heated.
Berapakah jisim zink oksida yang terhasil apabila 3.78 g zink nitrat dipanaskan.
[Relative atomic mass : N, 14; O, 16; Zn, 65] / [Jisim atom relatif: N, 14; ), 16; Zn, 65]

[3 marks]

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Section B
[20 marks]
Answer ALL the questions.

1. Diagram shows 3 state of matter that is P, Q and R

Rajah menunjukkan 3 keadaan jirim iaitu P, Q dan R.

(a) Based on Diagram, what is the state of matter P, Q and R

Berdasarkan rajah, apakah keadaan jirim bagi P, Q dan R. [3 marks]
(b) By using kinetic theory of matter, explain how the following changes occur.
Dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim, huraikan bagaimana perubahan di bawah berlaku.
(i). P to Q / P ke Q
(ii). P to R / P ke R
(iii). R to P / R ke P
In your explaination inclede the process occur, the energy contents and the movement of
particles.
Huraian anda mestilah meliputi proses yang terlibat, kandungan tenaga, dan pergerakan
jirim. [9 marks]

(c) Table shows the temperature from an experiment to determine the freezing point of substance X
Jadual menunjukkan suhu daripada satu eksperimen untuk menentukan takat beku bahan X.

Time (s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210

Temperature 95 85 82 80 80 80 80 70
(C)

(i) On the graph paper, draw the graph of temperature against time for the cooling of
substance X.

Pada kertas graf, lukiskan graf suhu melawan masa bagi penyejukan bahan X. [3 marks]

(ii) By using the grapgh in (C(i)), determine the freezing point of substance X. Show on the
graph how you determine this freezing point.

Dengan menggunakan graf di C(i), tentukan takat beku bahan X. Tunjukkan pada graf
bagaimana anda menentukan takat beku ini. [2 marks]

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(iii) Explain why there is no change in temperature from 90 th to 180th second.

Terangkan sebab tiada perubahan suhu dari saat ke 90th sehingga 180th [2 marks]

(iv) What will happen if substance X is no stirred during experiment?.

Apakah yang akan berlaku sekiranya bahan X tidak di kacau dengan sekata semasa
eksperimen dijalankan. [1 mark]

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