PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN

GEDUNG OLAHRAGA BOLA VOLI TYPE A

TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR 2016

DAFTAR ISI

DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... i

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... v
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR BAGAN ................................................................................................... x
BAB I.PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 11

1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 11

1.2 Perumusan Masalah ....................................................................................... 12
1.3 Tujuan Dan Sasaran ....................................................................................... 12

1.3.1. Tujuan........................................................................................................ 12
1.3.2. Sasaran ...................................................................................................... 13

1.4 Penetapan lokasi ............................................................................................. 14

1.5 Ruang Lingkup Rancangan ............................................................................ 16

1.5.1. Fungsi Gedung Olahraga Bola Voli Tipe A Khusus Event ...................... 16
1.5.2. Lokasi Gedung Olahraga Bola Voli Tipe A Khusus Event ...................... 16
1.5.3. Tampilan Bentuk Bangunan Gedung Olahraga Bola Voli Tipe A Khusus
Event ................................................................................................................... 16
1.5.4. Struktur Bangunan Gedung Olahraga Bola Voli Tipe A Khusus Event ... 17
1.5.5. Utilitas Gedung Olahraga Bola Voli Tipe A Khusus Event...................... 17

1.6 Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................... 17

BAB II. TINJAUAN PERENCANAAN GEDUNG OLAHRAGA BOLA VOLI DI

KOTA PONTIANAK .............................................................................................. 19

2.1 Ketentuan-Ketentuan Tata Cara Perencanaan Dan Perancangan Bengunan

Gedung Olahraga Bola Voli .................................................................................... 19

2.1.1. Persyaratan Dan Standarisasi Lapangan Bola Voli ................................... 19

2.2. Tinjauan Programatik Ruang ......................................................................... 25

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2.2.1. Pelaku Dan Aktifitas ................................................................................. 25

2.2.2. Kebutuhan Ruang ...................................................................................... 27
2.2.3. Standar Besaran Ruang ............................................................................. 29
2.2.4. Hubungan Ruang ....................................................................................... 35
2.2.5. Persyaratan Ruang ..................................................................................... 35

2.3. Tinjauan Lokasi Tapak dan Luas Tapak Rancangan ..................................... 38

2.3.1. Data Eksisting Tapak ................................................................................ 38

2.4. Tinjauan Komponen Bangunan ..................................................................... 47

2.4.1. Komponen Bangunan ................................................................................ 47

2.5. Tinjauan Tampilan Bentuk Bangunan ........................................................... 52

2.5.1. Pertimbangan Bentuk Bangunan ............................................................... 53

2.5.2. Rumusan Bentuk Raut Bangunan ............................................................. 58
2.5.3. Kontekstualitas Bentuk Bangunan ............................................................ 60

2.6. Tinjauan Struktur ........................................................................................... 61

2.6.1. Daya Dukung Tanah.................................................................................. 61

2.6.2. Jenis Pondasi ............................................................................................. 61
2.6.3. Sistem Struktur .......................................................................................... 66
2.6.4. Bentuk Struktur ......................................................................................... 68
2.6.5. Bahan dan Struktur Konstruksi Bangunan ................................................ 68

2.7. Tinjauan Kelengkapan Bangunan (Utilitas) ................................................... 70

2.7.1. Sistim Pemipaan (Air Bersih, Air Kotor/Buangan, Air Panas, Gas,
Sprinkler). ............................................................................................................. 70
2.7.2. Sistim Pengkondisian Udara (HVAC) ...................................................... 74
2.7.3. Sistim Transportasi Vertikal...................................................................... 77
2.7.4. Sistim Telekomunikasi dan tata suara ....................................................... 77
2.7.5. Sistim Perlindungan Terhadap Bahaya Kebakaran ................................... 77
2.7.6. Sistim Jaringan Listrik .............................................................................. 78
2.7.7. Sistim Penangkal Petir .............................................................................. 82

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TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR 2016

2.7.8. Sistim Pemeliharaan Bangunan ................................................................. 83

BAB III. ANALISIS PERENCANAAN GEDUNG OLAHRAGA BOLA VOLI DI

KOTA PONTIANAK .............................................................................................. 86

3.1. Tanggapan Fungsi .......................................................................................... 86

3.1.1. Analisa Pewadahan Aktifitas .................................................................... 86

3.1.2. Analisa Kebutuhan Ruang Dan besaran ruang .......................................... 89
3.1.3. Analisa Kebutuhan Tapak ......................................................................... 91
3.1.4. Analisa Pengelompokkan Ruang .............................................................. 93
3.1.5. Analisa Persyaratan Ruang........................................................................ 94
3.1.6. Analisa Pola Hubungan Ruang ................................................................. 97

3.2. Tanggapan Lokasi ........................................................................................ 106

3.2.1. Angin ....................................................................................................... 108

3.2.2. Matahari .................................................................................................. 110
3.2.3. Hujan ....................................................................................................... 112
3.2.4. Vegetasi ................................................................................................... 114
3.2.5. Aksesibilitas ............................................................................................ 116
3.2.6. Sirkulasi Pejalan Kaki ............................................................................. 118

3.3. Tanggapan Tampilan Bentuk Bangunan ...................................................... 120

3.3.1. Kontekstual bentuk bangunan. ................................................................ 120

3.3.2. Bentuk raut bangunan.............................................................................. 120
3.3.3. Menunjukan identitasnya sebagai gedung olahraga ................................ 121

3.4. Tanggapan Terhadap Struktur Bangunan .................................................... 121

3.4.1. Struktur bagian Bawah ( Lower structure ) ............................................. 121

3.4.2. Struktur Rangka Bangunan ..................................................................... 122
3.4.3. Struktur bagian atas ( upper structure ) .................................................. 123

3.5. Tanggapan Terhadap Utilitas Bangunan ...................................................... 124

3.5.1. Sistem Penangkal petir ............................................................................ 124

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3.5.2. Sistim Pengkondisian Udara (HVAC) .................................................... 124

3.5.3. Sistim Perlindungan Terhadap Bahaya Kebakaran ................................. 128
3.5.4. Sistem Jaringan Listrik ............................................................................ 129
3.5.5. Sistem Transportasi vertical .................................................................... 129
3.5.6. Sistem Pemipaan Air bersih dan air kotor ............................................... 131

BAB IV. USULAN RANCANGAN GEDUNG OLAHRAGA BOLA VOLI DI

KOTA PONTIANAK ............................................................................................ 134

4.1. Usulan Konsep Rancangan Bentuk .............................................................. 134

4.1.1. Bentuk denah ........................................................................................... 134

4.1.2. Bentuk dasar bangunan ........................................................................... 135

4.2. Usulan Konsep Rancangan Tapak ( Zoning Makro )................................... 136

4.3. Usulan Konsep Rancangan Struktur ............................................................ 138

4.3.1. Usulan Konsep Struktur Pondasi............................................................. 138

4.3.2. Usulan Konsep Sistem Struktur .............................................................. 139
4.3.3. Usulan Konsep Struktur Atas .................................................................. 139

4.4. Usulan Konsep Rancangan Utilitas.............................................................. 140

4.4.1. Jaringan Listrik ........................................................................................ 140

4.4.2. Jaringan air bersih ................................................................................... 141
4.4.3. Jaringan air kotor ..................................................................................... 141
4.4.4. Sistem Pengkondisian udara ( HVAC )................................................... 142
4.4.5. Sistem Penangkal Petir ............................................................................ 142
4.4.6. Sistem Penanggulangan Kebakaran ........................................................ 143

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................ 144

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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1. 1. Lokasi Site perencanaan gedung olahraga bola voli ......................... 14
Gambar 1. 2. Batas Lokasi Site perencanaan gedung olahraga bola voli ................ 15
Gambar 2. 1. Ukuran lapangan olahraga bola volI .................................................. 21
Gambar 2. 2. Ukuran area permainan olahraga bola voli ........................................ 22
Gambar 2. 3. Ukuran net permainan olahraga bola voli.......................................... 23
Gambar 2.4. Bola dalam permainan olahraga bola voli .......................................... 24
Gambar 2.5. Titik terjauh dari sumber cahaya ........................................................ 36
Gambar 2.6. Kombinasi penerangan di dalam bangunan secara alami dan buatan 37
Gambar 2.7. Batas Lokasi ....................................................................................... 38
Gambar 2.8. Ukuran dan Luas Lokasi Site.............................................................. 39
Gambar 2.9. Gor Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman ......................................................... 40
Gambar 2.10.JL. M. Sohor ...................................................................................... 40
Gambar 2.11.JL. MT. Haryono ............................................................................... 40
Gambar 2.12.JL. M. Sohor ...................................................................................... 41
Gambar 2.13.Data curah hujan Kalimantan Barat................................................... 41
Gambar 2.14.Data temperatur Kalimantan Barat .................................................... 42
Gambar 2.15.Data Kelembaban Kalimantan Barat ................................................. 43
Gambar 2.16.Data Kecepatan Angin Kalimantan Barat ......................................... 43
Gambar 2.17 .Data Jenis Vegetasi ........................................................................... 44
Gambar 2.18.Data Jenis Utilitas .............................................................................. 45
Gambar 2.19.Data Saluran Di sekeliling tapak ....................................................... 46
Gambar 2.20. Ukuran Tempat duduk ...................................................................... 47
Gambar 2.21. tata letak Tempat duduk ................................................................... 48
Gambar 2.22. Contoh konstruksi lantai ................................................................... 50
Gambar 2.23. Contoh Sistem perdaran udara pada lantai ....................................... 50
Gambar 2.24. Ketentuan dinding arena ................................................................... 51
Gambar 2.25. Analogi Langsung............................................................................. 53
Gambar 2.26. Analogi Personal............................................................................... 54
Gambar 2.27. Analogi Fantasi ................................................................................. 54

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Gambar 2.28. Penggunaan konsep analogi pada bangunan .................................... 54

Gambar 2.29. Penggunaan Konsep Metafora pada bangunan ................................. 55
Gambar 2.30. Penggunaan Konsep Esensi pada bangunan ..................................... 56
Gambar 2.31. Penggunaan Konsep Programatik pada bangunan ............................ 57
Gambar 2.32. Penggunaan Konsep utopia pada bangunan ..................................... 57
Gambar 2.33. Reichtag Dome Karya Norman Foster ............................................. 59
Gambar 2.34. Stadion Allianz Arena dan Stadion Nasional Beijing ...................... 60
Gambar 2.35. Rumah Radangk pontianak ............................................................... 60
Gambar 2.36. Pondasi sumuran ............................................................................... 63
Gambar 2.37. Pondasi Tiang pancang ..................................................................... 65
Gambar 2.38. Pondasi bored pile ............................................................................ 66
Gambar 2.39. Struktur balok dan kolom ................................................................. 66
Gambar 2.40. Struktur Rangka Batang.................................................................... 67
Gambar 2.41 Struktur Rangka Ruang ..................................................................... 67
Gambar 2.42. Struktur cangkang ............................................................................. 68
Gambar 2.43. Down feed Distribution .................................................................... 70
Gambar 2.44. Upfeed Distribution .......................................................................... 70
Gambar 2.45. Sistem Pembuangan Gravitasi .......................................................... 72
Gambar 2.46. Sistem Pembuangan Bertekanan ...................................................... 73
Gambar 2.47. Sistem satu pipa ................................................................................ 74
Gambar 2.48. Sistem dua pipa ................................................................................. 74
Gambar 2.49. Pasokan Listrik ke bangunan ............................................................ 79
Gambar 2.50. diagram tipikal Pasokan Listrik ........................................................ 80
Gambar 2.51. Tipikal pemasangan Pasokan Listrik cadangan ................................ 81
Gambar 2.52. skema sistem penangkal petir faraday .............................................. 82
Gambar 2.53. skema sistem penangkal petir fanklin ............................................... 83
Gambar 3.1. Pola hubungan Ruang penonton ......................................................... 97
Gambar 3.2. Pola hubungan Ruang Pemain ............................................................ 98
Gambar 3.3. Pola hubungan Ruang Pelatih dan official ......................................... 99
Gambar 3.4. Pola hubungan wasit dan petugas pertandingan ............................... 100

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Gambar 3.5. Pola hubungan Ruang pengelola ...................................................... 101

Gambar 3.6. Pola hubungan Ruang Karyawan ..................................................... 102
Gambar 3.7. Pola hubungan Ruang Wartawan/ media.......................................... 103
Gambar 3.8. Pola hubungan Ruang Security......................................................... 104
Gambar 3.9. Peta Lokasi ....................................................................................... 106
Gambar 3.10. Data angin ....................................................................................... 108
Gambar 3.11. Respon angin .................................................................................. 109
Gambar 3.12. Data Matahari ................................................................................. 110
Gambar 3.13. Respon Matahari ............................................................................. 111
Gambar 3.14. Data Hujan ...................................................................................... 112
Gambar 3.15. respon Hujan ................................................................................... 113
Gambar 3.16. Data Vegetasi .................................................................................. 114
Gambar 3.17. Data Aksesibilitas ........................................................................... 116
Gambar 3.18. respon Aksesibilitas 1 ..................................................................... 117
Gambar 3.19. respon Aksesibilitas 2 ..................................................................... 117
Gambar 3.20. Data Sirkulasi pejalan kaki ............................................................. 118
Gambar 3.21. Respon 1 Sirkulasi pejalan kaki...................................................... 119
Gambar 3.22. Respon 2 Sirkulasi pejalan kaki...................................................... 119
Gambar 3.23. Rumah Radangk pontianak ............................................................. 120
Gambar 3.24. Reichtag Dome Karya Norman Foster ........................................... 120
Gambar 3.25. net permainan olahraga bola voli.................................................... 121
Gambar 3.26. Pondasi Tiang pancang ................................................................... 122
Gambar 3.27. Struktur balok dan kolom ............................................................... 123
Gambar 3.28 Struktur Rangka Ruang ................................................................... 123
Gambar 3.29. skema sistem penangkal petir faraday ............................................ 124
Gambar 3.30. skema sistem AC split .................................................................... 125
Gambar 3.31. skema sistem AC central ................................................................ 127
Gambar 3.32. Prinsip kerja fire sprinkler .............................................................. 128
Gambar 3.33. Hydrant box dan hydrant pillar ....................................................... 129
Gambar 3.34. Escalator ......................................................................................... 130

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Gambar 3.35. Ramp Kaum Difabel ....................................................................... 131

Gambar 3.36. Down feed Distribution .................................................................. 131
Gambar 3.37. Upfeed Distribution ........................................................................ 132
Gambar 4.1. usulan bentuk denah ......................................................................... 134
Gambar 4.2. Rumah Radangk pontianak ............................................................... 135
Gambar 4.3. usulan bentuk dasar bangunan .......................................................... 135
Gambar 4.4. Konsep Tapak ................................................................................... 136
Gambar 4.5. Zoning Makro ................................................................................... 137
Gambar 4.6. Pondasi Tiang pancang ..................................................................... 138
Gambar 4.6. Struktur balok dan kolom ................................................................. 139
Gambar 4.7 Struktur Rangka Ruang ..................................................................... 139
Gambar 4.8. Pasokan Listrik ke bangunan ............................................................ 140
Gambar 4.9. Pasokan Listrik cadangan ................................................................. 140
Gambar 4.10. Skema rencana jaringan air bersih .................................................. 141
Gambar 4.11. Skema rencana jaringan air kotor ................................................... 141
Gambar 4.12. skema sistem penangkal petir faraday ............................................ 142

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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Pelaku dan Aktivitas ............................................................................... 25
Tabel 2.2. Pelaku dan kebutuhan ruang................................................................... 27
Tabel 2.3. Klasifikasi dan penggunaan bangunan gedung olahraga bola voli ........ 29
Tabel 2.4. Ukuran minimal matra ruang gedung olahraga bola voli ....................... 29
Tabel 2.5. Kapasitas Penonton gedung olahraga bola voli ...................................... 30
Tabel 2.6. tingkat refleksi dan warna ...................................................................... 37
Tabel 2.7. Jenis Tanah Di kalimantan barat ............................................................ 62
Tabel 3.1. Pelaku dan Aktivitas ............................................................................... 86
Tabel 3.2. Kebutuhan Ruang dan Besaran Ruang ................................................... 89
Tabel 3.3. Pengelompokkan ruang .......................................................................... 93
Tabel 3.4. Persyaratan ruang ................................................................................... 94

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DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1.Alur sirkulasi Pengunjung ( Makro )...................................................... 35
Bagan 3.1. Pola hubungan Ruang Makro .............................................................. 105
Bagan 3.2. Skema air bersih .................................................................................. 132
Bagan 3.3. Skema air kotor ................................................................................... 133

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