_______________________________________________________________________________________
MINGGU : 45 TARIKH : 24 JANUARI 2022
TEMA : TAHUN BARU CINA HARI : ISNIN
HARI /
BAHAN /
MASA / KANDUNGAN
CATATAN
MATAPELAJARAN
Mengucapkan salam pagi, menanda kehadiran, melafaz syahadah, Al-Fatihah dan doa
07.30 – 07.50
penerang hati.
(20 minit)
Perbualan awal.
Fokus
BM 2.0 Kemahiran Membaca
BM 3.0 Kemahiran Menulis
Standard kandungan
BM 2.4 Membaca dan memahami frasa dan ayat
BM 3.2 Menguasai kemahiran menulis
Standard Pembelajaran
BM 3.2.4 Menyalin frasa
BM 3.2.7 Menulis perkataan dan frasa
Kesepaduan
PM 11.1.2 Mengamalkan sikap rajin dalam melaksanakan tugasan
Objektif
Pada akhir pembelajaran, murid-murid boleh :-
07.50 – 08.50 1. Menyalin frasa dengan betul
(60 minit) 2. Menulis frasa berdasarkan gambar dengan betul
BBM:
lembaran kerja,
KOMUNIKASI
kad gambar
(BAHASA
MELAYU) Aktivit
1. Guru menunjukkan kad frasa kepada murid.
2. Guru menulis dua frasa berbeza. Murid diminta membaca dan meneka
frasa yang betul berdasarkan gambar yang ditunjukkan oleh guru.
3. Aktiviti diteruskan dengan gambar dan frasa yang lain.
4. Murid bergilir-gilir membaca frasa dan memilih frasa yang betul.
5. Kemudian, guru memberikan lembaran kerja berkaitan frasa kepada
murid.
6. Murid diminta memilih frasa yang betul dan menyalin frasa pada
lembaran kerja yang diberikan oleh guru.
7. Murid yang selesai menyiapkan tugasan diberi peluang memilih dan
membaca buku bacaan di Sudut Bacaan.
Refleksi:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
08.50 – 09.20
(30 minit)
DIKENDALIKAN OLEH USTAZAH MAIMUNAH
PENDIDIKAN
AGAMA ISLAM
9.20 – 9.50
(30 minit) REHAT / PENGURUSAN DIRI
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9.50 – 10.10
(20 minit) MAIN BEBAS
Standard Kandungan :
10.10 – 11.20 KE 1.1 Menyanyikan lagu daripada pelbagai repertoir
(60 minit)
Standard Pembelajaran :
KE 1.1.4 Menyanyikan lagu dengan:
AKTIVITI (i) sebutan yang betul dan jelas
PEMBELAJARAN
Objektif :
(TUNJANG Di akhir pembelajaran, murid dapat
1. Menyanyikan lagu dengan sebutan yang betul dan jelas
PERKEMBANGAN
2. Mengenal pekerjaan angkasawan
FIZIKAL DAN
3. Mengenal sekurang-kurangnya tiga planet di angkasa
ESTETIKA – BBB :
KREATIVITI DAN Lagu Didi &
ESTETIKA) Kesepaduan Tunjang: Friends
KD 2.3.3 Berinteraksi dengan yakin “Angkasa
BM 1.2.4 Mendengar dan memberi respons dengan bertatasusila terhadap: Lepas”
arahan & soalan
BM 1.4.6 Bersoal jawab menggunakan ayat mudah berdasarkan bahan
https://
rangsangan www.youtub
e.com/
watch?
Aktiviti : v=aAXCgh4
Aktiviti 1 : Nyanyian Lagu “Angkasa Lepas”
1. Guru memasang lagu Didi & Friends bertajuk “Angkasa Lepas”.
bbi8
2. Guru juga menunjukkan lirik lagu kepada murid.
3. Kemudian, murid diminta menyanyikan lagu dengan sebutan yang Video Didi &
betul dan jelas. Friends
4. Seterusnya, murid menyanyikan lagu secara kumpulan. “Meneroka
5. Guru mengaitkan lagu dengan tema mingguan yang akan dipelajari
Angkasa”
oleh murid.
https://
Aktiviti 2 : Tayangan Video “Meneroka Angkasa” www.youtub
1. Guru menayangkan video “Meneroka Angkasa”. e.com/
2. Guru dan murid bersoal jawab mengenai kandungan video tersebut. watch?
3. Kemudian, guru menunjukkan kad bertemakan ‘Meneroka Angkasa’
v=jZRV3Mn
kepada murid.
4. Murid diminta meneka kad yang digantung di hadapan kelas. wH1k
5. Selepas itu, guru menamakan kad diikuti oleh murid (kad matahari,
planet, bulan, bintang, roket). kad
6. Murid mengeja dan membaca perkataan menggunakan kad tersebut. bertema,
gam,
Aktiviti 3 : Kolaj Matahari
1. Guru memberikan bahan seperti cebisan kertas berwarna, gam dan cebisan
lukisan matahari kepada murid. kertas
2. Murid diminta menghasilkan kolaj matahari menggunakan bahan berwarna,
yang diberi mengikut kreativiti murid. lembaran
3. Seterusnya, murid menunjukkan hasil kerja di hadapan kelas. kerja
Refleksi:
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
………………………… …………………………
( Nor’Ain Binti Ajamain ) ( )
HARI /
BAHAN /
MASA / KANDUNGAN
CATATAN
MATAPELAJARAN
EARLY CONVERSATION
07.30 – 07.50 Stand up in their space, singing Negaraku and Sabah Tanah Airku Song, take attendance and
(20 min) recite doa.
Content Standard
8.50 – 9.20 FK 2.2 Carry out various locomotor movements Materials:
( 30 min) Whistle, skittle
Learning Standard cone, bottles, water,
PHYSICAL FK 2.2.1 Carry out movements: (ii) running sponge
DEVELOPMENT
Integrated Learning Standard
FK 1.1.3 Use tools to demonstrate fine motor skills
PM 14.1.2 Demonstrate tolerance among friends
Activities:
1. Teacher guides the pupils to do a warm -up session.
2. Teacher shows the bucket, water, bottles and sponge to the pupils.
3. Pupils are required to guess the material shown by the teacher.
4. Pupils give respond.
5. Then, teacher explains the activity of filling water into a bottle using
a sponge.
6. Teacher demonstrates on how to fill a bottle with water using a
sponge.
7. Pupils are divided into four groups.
8. Each group is given materials for the activity.
9. Pupils run to the specified distance and fill the water into the bottle.
10. The activity is continued by the next group member.
Impact:
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
9.20 – 9.50
(30 min) RECESS
TRANSPORT : LESSON 3
9.50 – 10.20
( 30 minit ) Learning Standard Hello Song Lyric:
BI 1.1.3 Listen to and identify rhymes in nursery rhymes and songs Hello everyone
ENGLISH BI 1.3.3 Listen to and respond to oral texts Hello everyone
(CEFR) Yippie its English
BI 1.3.4 Participate in talk about familiar activities and experiences time
Hello everyone.
At the end of the lesson children are able to : Hello (pupils name)
1. Listen to and identify rhymes in nursery rhymes and songs stand up and turn
2. Listen to and respond to oral texts around.
3. Participate in talk about familiar activities and experiences in the Hello everyone.
classroom
Transportation song:
I ride on a bike
Lesson development I ride on a bike
ENGAGE Bu I want to go faster,
Circle time faster, faster
Remembering activity 2 Who can remember how to say? I ride on a bus, but I
• Teacher show the flashcard and ask the children who can ride on a bus
remember any transport But I want to go faster,
• Teacher arrange the flashcards and ask them one by one faster, faster
Pre-song activity: Transportation Song I ride on a car, I ride
• Teacher play the song and teach the lyrics. on a car
But I want to go faster,
Engage activity 2 What’s Missing?
faster, faster
Teacher place the card on the floor and ask children to close their
Bike, bus, car
eyes. Train, plane, rocket
Teacher hide one of the flashcards and ask children to open their eyes I ride on a train, I ride
and guess which card is missing. on a train
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Engage activity 5 : The telephone game But I want to go faster,
Divide class into 5 groups, and give each group one lexical item, ask faster, faster
them to line up and whisper one to another friends. I fly on a plane, I fly
on a plane
The last pupil will tell the word.
But I want to go faster,
faster, faster
Post-lesson routines 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2,
Closing time 1
Reflecting on learning GO!!
Goodbye and song I flyy in a rocket, I fly
into space
In a rocket
Impact: I fly in a rocket, I fly
________________________________________________________ into space, in a rocket
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
See you later
Goodbye! Goodbye!
Its time to go
Goodbye! Goodbye!
I don’t want to go
See u later Alligator
Bye! Bye! Bye!
butterfly
Goodbye!
Hello song
Time line
images
Focus
10.20 -11.20 BI 2.0 Reading Skills Materials:
(60 min) BI 3.0 Writing Skills Video
Worksheet
Content Standards
BI 2.2 Apply sounds of letters to recognise words
COMMUNICATION BI 2.4 Develop interest in reading independently for information and
(ENGLISH) enjoyment
Learning Standard
BI 2.2.7 Blend phonemes (sounds) to form single syllable words
BI 2.4.1Recognise and name pictures in books
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, pupils can:
1. Blend phonemes (sounds) to form single syllable words
2. Recognise themed words and name eight planets in
flashcards
Activities
1. Teacher introduces the theme of Outer Space to the pupils.
2. Teacher shows ‘My Space Words’ flashcards and the name of eight
planets.
3. Pupils are required to guess the picture.
4. Pupils give respond.
5. Then, teacher introduces the solar system includes eight planets
name to pupils using flashcards (moon, sun, stars, astronaut, eight
planets name)
6. Pupils read the eight planets name with teacher’s guidance.
7. After that, pupils are required to colour the space pictures and match
words to the pictures on worksheet given by teacher.
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
REFLECTION:
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
………………………… …………………………
( Nor’Ain Binti Ajamain ) ( )
HARI /
BAHAN /
MASA / KANDUNGAN
CATATAN
MATAPELAJARAN
07.30 – 07.50 Murid berkumpul untuk sarapan,mengucapkan selamat pagi, menanda kehadiran, melafaz
(20 minit) syahadah, Al-Fatihah dan doa penerang hati.
Perbualan awal
PERBUALAN Rutin
AWAL
7.50 – 8.20
(30 minit) DIKENDALIKAN OLEH USTAZAH MAIMUNAH
PENDIDIKAN
ISLAM
Standard Kandungan: Lagu Bintang-bintang
8.20 -9.20 KE 3.0 Seni visual https://
(60 minit) www.youtube.com/
Standard Pembelajaran : watch?v=jr02Jmj1zvQ
AKTIVITI KE 3.3.2 menghasilkan karya kreatif melalui aktiviti menggambar
PEMBELAJARAN gunting, lukisan
(KREATIVITI DAN Tunjang Kesepaduan: bintang, gam, kertas
ESTETIKA) PM 13.1.1 Menyatakan cara berjimat cermat dalam menggunakan alatan hitam, lembaran kerja
dan sumber
KD 2.3.4 Bercerita dan memberi pendapat dengan yakin
OBJEKTIF :
Pada akhir pengajaran, murid dapat menghasilkan satu karya “Bintang di
Langit” mengikut kreativiti masing-masing
AKTIVITI :
1. Guru memasang lagu Didi & Friends bertajuk Bintang-Bintang.
2. Murid menyanyikan lagu bersama-sama.
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Guru bertanya kepada murid mengenai pengalaman melihat bintang
(warna, saiz, waktu).
4. Murid memberikan respons.
5. Kemudian, murid diminta bercerita mengenai bintang.
6. Seterusnya, guru memberikan kertas bintang dan kertas berwarna
hitam pada murid.
7. Guru menerangkan aktiviti Bintang Terang.
8. Murid diminta mewarna dan menggunting bintang tersebut.
9. Murid melekatkan bintang pada kertas hitam mengikut kreativiti
masing-masing.
10. Guru memberikan lembaran kerja berkaitan bintang kepada murid
yang berjaya menyiapkan aktiviti Bintang Terang.
Refleksi:
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
9.20 – 9.50
( 30 minit ) REHAT / PENGURUSAN DIRI
Standard Kandungan:
9.50 – 10.30 MA 6.1 Mengetahui kedudukan objek dalam ruang BBB :
(40 minit) Lembaran kerja
Standard Pembelajaran :
MATEMATIK MA 6.1.1 Menyatakan kedudukan sesuatu objek dalam ruang
AWAL MA 6.1.2 Meletakkan objek pada kedudukan tertentu
Tunjang Kesepaduan:
PM 3.1.4 Melaksanakan tugas yang dipertanggungjawabkan di kelas
BM 1.2.4 Mendengar dan memberi respons dengan bertatasusila
terhadap: arahan & soalan
Objektif :
Di akhir pembelajaran, murid dapat Menyatakan kedudukan sesuatu
objek dalam ruang dan meletakkan objek pada kedudukan tertentu
mengikut arahan guru / lembaran kerja.
Aktiviti :
1. Guru membunyikan telefon bimbit yang di letakkan di dalam sebuah
kotak.
2. Murid diminta meneka kedudukan telefon bimbit dengan mendengar
bunyi sahaja.
3. Murid memberikan respons.
4. Kemudian, guru menyatakan kedudukan telefon bimbit kepada
murid (“Telefon bimbit di dalam kotak”.).
5. Guru menggunakan semula telefon bimbit dan meletak pada
kedudukan yang berbeza (atas kotak, bawah kotak, tepi kotak, depan
kotak, belakang kotak).
6. Murid meneka kedudukan telefon bimbit dan guru memberi
penerangan bagi setiap kedudukan yang disebut oleh murid.
7. Seterusnya, murid diminta memilih objek (pensel, pemadam, buku
atau objek lain yang sesuai) dan meletakkan pada kedudukan yang
murid inginkan.
8. Murid lain diminta meneka kedudukan objek rakan yang disebut
oleh guru.
9. Aktiviti diteruskan sehingga murid dapat mengenal dan menyatakan
kedudukan objek dengan baik.
10. Akhir sekali, murid diminta menyiapkan aktiviti berkaitan
kedudukan pada lembaran kerja yang diberikan oleh guru.
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Refleksi:
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Standard Kandungan:
10.30 – 11.20 SA 5.1 Meneroka alam fizikal dalam kehidupan seharian BBB :
(50 minit) Lampu suluh
Standard Pembelajaran:
AKTIVITI SA 5.1.2 Merekod hasil pemerhatian terhadap bayang-bayang
PEMBELAJARAN
SAINS AWAL Tunjang Kesepaduan:
BM1.4.4 Berinteraksi menggunakan ayat mudah
Objektif :
Pada akhir pengajaran, murid dapat merekod hasil pemerhatian terhadap
bayang-bayang menerusi lukisan matahari dan objek pilihan murid.
Aktiviti :
1. Guru menunjukkan lampu suluh dan objek (pen/buku/botol) kepada
murid.
2. Guru menyalakan lampu pada botol di hadapan kelas.
3. Guru bertanya kepada murid mengenai perbezaan ketika lampu
suluh tidak menyala dan ketika lampu suluh menyala.
4. Murid memberikan respons.
5. Kemudian, guru menerangkan tindak balas cahaya pada objek yang
menghasilkan bayang-bayang.
6. Seterusnya, murid diminta memilih objek untuk aktiviti melihat
bayang-bayang objek.
7. Murid dibawa ke luar dan murid meletakkan objek di kawasan yang
disediakan oleh guru. Murid diminta memerhati bayang-bayang
untuk aktiviti melukis bayang-bayang (aktiviti boleh ditukar
menggunakan lampu suluh di dalam kelas).
8. Selepas itu, guru memberikan sekeping kertas kosong kepada murid.
9. Murid diminta melukis matahari dan bayang-bayang objek pilihan
murid.
10. Akhir sekali, murid bercerita mengenai hasil lukisan di hadapan
kelas.
Refleksi:
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
………………………… …………………………
(Nor’Ain Ajamain) ( )
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
HARI /
MASA / KANDUNGAN BAHAN / CATATAN
MATAPELAJARAN
EARLY CONVERSATION
07.30 – 07.50 Lined up, singing the Negaraku and Sabah Tanah Airku Song, take attendance and recite doa.
(20 minit)
Content Standard
07.50 – 8.20 FK 3.1 Carry out various manipulative skills BBB :
( 30 minit )
Learning Standard Whistle, skittle
PHYSICAL FK 3.1.2 Kick a ball:
DEVELOPMENT &
cone, rocket cup,
AESTHETICS (ii) towards the target ball
PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY Integrated Learning Standard
BI 1.2.4 Listen to and follow simple instructions
KD 1.1.3 State emotions according to situations
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to
kick the rocket cup using a ball.
Ativities
1. Teacher guides the pupils to do a warm -up session.
2. Teacher shows a ball and a cup labeled with a picture of a rocket to
the pupils.
3. Teacher explains the pupils activity which is to kick the ball on a
rocket cup placed 10 steps in front of the pupils.
4. Pupils do activities in groups and alternately according to the time set
by teacher.
Impact :
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
TRANSPORT : LESSON 4
8.20 – 8.50 Hello Song Lyric:
(30 minit) Learning Standard: Hello everyone
BI 1.1.3 Listen to and identify rhymes in nursery rhymes and songs Hello everyone
COMMUNICATION BI 1.3.3 Listen to and respond to oral texts Yippie its English time
ENGLISH BI 1.3.4 Participate in talk about familiar activities and experiences Hello everyone.
Hello (pupils name)
Objectives: stand up and turn
At the end of the lesson children are able to : around.
1. Listen to and identify rhymes in nursery rhymes and songs Hello everyone.
2. Listen to and respond to oral texts
3. Participate in talk about familiar activities and experiences in the
classroom Transportation song:
I ride on a bike
Lesson development I ride on a bike
Bu I want to go faster,
ENGAGE
faster, faster
Circle time I ride on a bus, but I ride
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Remembering activity 2 Who can remember how to say? on a bus
• Teacher show the flashcard and ask the children who can remember But I want to go faster,
any transport faster, faster
I ride on a car, I ride on a
• Teacher arrange the flashcards and ask them one by one
car
Pre-song activity: Transportation Song
But I want to go faster,
• Teacher play the song and teach the lyrics. faster, faster
Engage activity 2 What’s Missing? Bike, bus, car
Teacher place the card on the floor and ask children to close their eyes. Train, plane, rocket
Teacher hide one of the flashcards and ask children to open their eyes I ride on a train, I ride on a
and guess which card is missing. train
Engage activity 5 : The telephone game But I want to go faster,
Divide class into 5 groups, and give each group one lexical item, ask faster, faster
them to line up and whisper one to another friends. I fly on a plane, I fly on a
The last pupil will tell the word. plane
But I want to go faster,
faster, faster
Post-lesson routines
10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
Closing time GO!!
Reflecting on learning I flyy in a rocket, I fly into
Goodbye and song space
In a rocket
I fly in a rocket, I fly into
space, in a rocket
Content Standards
08.50 – 09.20 KD 2.3 Develop confidence to communicate Materials:
( 30 minit ) Astronaut
Learning Standard photo
(PERSONAL KD 2.3.3 Interact with confidence
Worksheet
COMPETENCE KD 2.3.5 Show one’s abilities using various methods of communication
STRAND) Integrated Learning Standard
FK 1.1.3 Use tools to demonstrate fine motor skills
BI 1.2.4 Listen to and follow simple instructions
Thematic approach BI 2.3.5 Read simple sentences
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to;
1. Interact wirh confidence during ‘Let’s Meet The Astrnout' activity.
2. Use water colour/pencil colour to demonstrate fine motor skills during
colouring astronaut worksheet.
Activities
1. Teacher shows a picture of an astronaut.
2. Pupils are required to guess the picture.
3. Pupils give respond (astronaut).
4. Then, teacher explains the role of the astronaut to the pupils.
5. Teacher also asks pupils who aspire to become astronauts when they
grow up.
6. Next, pupils read the sentence ‘I am an astronaut’ with their friends.
7. Finally, pupils are required to colour in a picture of an astronaut on a
worksheet provided by teacher.
Impact:
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Activities
1. Teacher shows a picture of a earth. Pupils are required to guess the
name of the picture
2. Pupils give respond.
3. Teachers talks about the earth.
4. Pupils interact and ask each other about the earth.
5. Then, pupils are required to colour the earth by number.
Impact:
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
…………………………
MINGGU : 12 …………………………
TARIKH :
(Nor’Ain Ajamain) ( )
TEMA : MI
HARI /
BAHAN /
MASA / KANDUNGAN
CATATAN
MATAPELAJARAN
PERBUALAN AWAL
07.30 – 07.50 Murid mengucapkan selamat pagi, menanda
( 20 minit ) kehadiran, melafaz syahadah, Al-Fatihah dan doa penerang hati.
07.50 – 08.30 Standard Kandungan:
( 40 minit ) BBB
BM 2.4 Membaca dan memahami frasa dan ayat - Video lagu
AKTIVITI BM 3.2 Menguasai kemahiran menulis - kad manila
RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN HARIAN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
- gunting
Standard Pembelajaran : - kad gambar
BM 2.4.4 Membaca dan memahami ayat mudah dengan sebutan yang betul
BM 2.5.2 Membaca dan menceritakan semula daripada bahan bacaan yang
dibaca
BM 3.2.5 Menyalin ayat mudah
BM 3.2.7 Menulis perkataan dan frasa
Kesepaduan:
FK 1.1.2 Menunjukkan koordinasi mata dan tangan dan kemahiran motor halus
melalui pelbagai aktiviti
PEMBELAJARAN Objektif :
(BAHASA Di akhir pembelajaran, murid dapat
MELAYU) 1. Menyebut bunyi suku kata awal yang sama dalam perkataan dengan betul
2. Membunyikan suku kata terbuka KV+KV dengan betuul
Aktiviti :
1. Guru menunjukkan contoh rama-rama terbang
2. Murid membaca suk kata yang terdapat pada rama-rama
3. Murid menyalin semula perkataan tersebut
4. Murid menggunting kertas dan menghasilkan rama-rama sendiri
Refleksi:
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Standard kandungan
08.30 – 09.10 SA 4.1 meneroka sifat bahan BBB :
( 40 minit ) - pastik
Standard Pembelajaran -- air
AKTIVITI SA 4.1.4 menyiasat bahan yyang boleh menyerap air - kain
PEMBELAJARAN -tisu
SAINS AWAL Kesepaduan -alas meja
PM 11.1.2 Mengamalkan sikap rajin dalam melaksanakan tugasan.
OBJEKTIF
Pada akhir pengajaran dan pembelajaran, murid-murid boleh :-menyatakan
dengan betul bahan yang boleh menyerap air dan bahan yang tidak menyerap air
AKTIVITI
1.Bersoal jawab tentang bahan larut dan tidak larut
2.Murid menjalankan aktiviti
3.Murid meneliti ujikaji dan merekod maklumat.
Impak :
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, pupils can:
1. Draw shapes of leaves
Activities
1. teacher introduce some shapes of flower
2. Teacher gives the flowers to each of the kids
3. Kids draw the flower and share the different shape of flower with friends
Materials
Pictures, flower, drawing block, watercolour
Impact
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________