Francisca
Srioetami
Tanoerahardjo
Outline
• Pemeriksaan VL-HIV
• Sistem Manajemen Mutu Laboratorium
• Evaluasi Ketidaksesuaian Hasil PME VL-HIV
• Hal2 yang berpengaruh untuk terjadinya error, invalid, no result
• Pemeliharaan alat laboratorium
• Peran dan Fungsi Komponen Jejaring Pelayanan HIV
• Kesimpulan
• Saran
VIRAL LOAD HIV
Viral Load (VL) HIV
Jumlah HIV dalam sampel darah. Viral load (VL) dilaporkan sebagai jumlah salinan RNA
HIV per mililiter darah. Tujuan penting dari terapi antiretroviral (ART) adalah untuk
menekan VL seseorang ke tingkat yang tidak terdeteksi—tingkat yang terlalu rendah
untuk virus dapat dideteksi dengan tes VL-HIV.
• preparasi sampel,
• deteksi dari sekuens target dalam sampel (bisa simpel atau kompleks)
HASIL VIRAL LOAD HIV BERKUALITAS, dipengaruhi...
••
Pemeriksaaan VL HIV : TAHAP PRA-ANALITIK
TAHAP PRA-ANALITIK
Lakukan sentrifugasi
• Pengambilan sampel darah dengan kecepatan 1500
rpm selama 5 menit
• Pengelolaan darah jadi PLASMA
• Penyimpanan
• Pengemasan dan Transportasi
FASKES FASKES
PENGIRIM
KURIR
PENERIMA
Cryotube
SAMPEL YANG BAIK
! !
Reference: WHO, CDC, CLSI
Pemeriksaan Laboratorium bermutu - akurat dan presisi
SISTEM MANAJEMEN
MUTU LABORATORIUM
Laboratorium
Kesehatan QC = Pemantapan Mutu Internal
EQA = Pemantapan Mutu Eksternal
Hasil Interpretasi
INVALID Presence or absence of HIV-1 RNA cannot be determined. Repeat test
- Retest Procedure.
• IQS-H and/or IQS-L: FAIL; Cycle thresholds (Cts) are not within valid
range.
• Probe Check: PASS; all probe check results pass
ERROR Presence or absence of HIV-1 RNA cannot be determined. Repeat test
- Retest Procedure.
• Probe Check: FAIL; all or one of the probe check results fail.
NO RESULT Presence or absence of HIV-1 RNA cannot be determined - Repeat test
A NO RESULT indicates that insufficient data were collected. For
example, the operator stopped a test that was in progress.
Retest: Reasons to Repeat the Assay
Hasil Interpretasi
INVALID • An INVALID result indicates one or more of the following:
• The IQS-H and/or IQS-L Cts are not within valid range.
The sample was not properly processed or PCR was inhibited.
ERROR • An ERROR result indicates that the assay was aborted. Possible causes include:
insufficient volume of sample was added, the reaction tube was filled improperly, a
reagent probe integrity problem was detected, or the maximum pressure limit was
exceeded
NO RESULT A NO RESULT indicates that insufficient data were collected. For example, the operator
stopped a test that was in progress, or a power failure occurred
RETEST PROCEDURE
If the result of a test is either INVALID, ERROR, or NO RESULT, use a new cartridge to retest the affected
specimen (do not re-use the cartridge).
• Remove a new cartridge from the kit.
• Start Procedure from the beginning.
• A specimen that yields INVALID results twice is likely to contain an inhibitor; retesting is not
recommended.Remove a new cartridge from the kit.
Performance Characteristics & Clinical Performance
Performance Characteristic
• Limit of Detection
• Limit of Quantitation
• Precision/Reproducibility
• Linearity
• Analytical Reactivity (Inclusivity)
• Analytical Specificity (Exclusivity)
• Potentially Interfering Substances
• Anti-coagulant Equivalence (EDTA, PPT-EDTA, and ACD)
Clinical Performance
• Specificity
• Method Correlation
Peran dan Fungsi Komponen Jejaring Pelayanan HIV
• Regulasi
Kemenkes
• Koordinasi
Dinkes • Sosialisasi
Provinsi
• Monitoring
• Evaluasi
Dinkes
KK
• Pembinaan
• Apa
• Siapa
Panduan
• Dimana
Implementasi
• Kapan
• Mengapa
• Bagaimana
Kesimpulan
• Interpretasi hasil pemeriksaan dan tindak lanjut merupakan hal penting untuk diketahui
petugas
• Pelaksanaan Pemantapan Mutu Internal dan Eksternal merupakan persyaratan mutlak
• Pembinaan Laboratorium dilaksanakan oleh pengampu yang berwenang
Saran