DAFTAR ISI

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HALAMAN JUDUL.......................................................................................i

PENGESAHAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH..................................................ii

PERNYATAAN............................................................................................iv

DAFTAR ISI..................................................................................................v

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN..............................................................................1

A. Latar Belakang masalah......................................................................1

B. Rumusan Masalah...............................................................................3
C. Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................3
D. Manfaat Penelitian..............................................................................4

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA...................................................................5

A. Demam Tifoid.....................................................................................5

1. Definisi demam tifoid.....................................................................5

2. Epidemiologi...................................................................................5

3. Etiologi...........................................................................................6

4.Patologi............................................................................................6

5. Gejala klinis demam tifoid..............................................................7

5.1 Demam..............................................................................7

5.2 Gangguan saluran cerna....................................................7

5.3 Gangguan kesadaran.........................................................7

5.4 Hepatosplenomegali.........................................................7

5.5 Bradikardia relatif.............................................................7

6. Komplikasi demam tifoid...............................................................7

6.1 Tifoid toksik......................................................................8

6.2 Syok septik........................................................................8

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 6.3 Perdarahan dan perinoritis................................................8

6.4 Hepatitis tifosa..................................................................8

6.5 Pankreatin tifosa...............................................................8

6.6 Pnemonia..........................................................................8

7. Tata laksana klinis..........................................................................8

7.1 Tata laksana diagnosis......................................................8

7.1.1 Diagnosis klinis.................................................8

7.1.2 Diagnosis etiologik............................................8

7.1.3 Diagnosis komplikasi.........................................9

7.2 Perawatan dan nutrisi........................................................9

8. Pemeriksaan penunjang..................................................................9

8.1 Darah perifer lengkap.......................................................9

8.2 Pemeriksaan serologi........................................................9

8.3 Tes tubex...........................................................................9

9. Terapi demam tifoid.......................................................................9

9.1 Terapi suportif..................................................................9

9.2 Terapi simptomatik.........................................................10

9.3 Terapi definitif................................................................10

10. Pencegahan.................................................................................10

B. Antibiotik...........................................................................................10

1. Definisi antibiotik.........................................................................10

2. Jenis antibiotik..............................................................................11

2.1 Antibiotik aktifitas sempit..............................................11

2.2 Antibiotik aktifitas lebar.................................................11

3. Mekanisme kerja antibiotik..........................................................11

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 4. Antibiotik terapi tifoid..................................................................12

4.1 Antibiotik lini pertama....................................................12

4.1.1 Klorampenikol.................................................12

4.1.2 Amoksisilin atau ampisilin..............................12

4.1.3 Kotrimoksasol..................................................13

4.2 Antibiotik lini kedua.......................................................13

4.2.1 Sefalosforin generasi ketiga.............................13

4.2.2 Kuinolon..........................................................13

C. Pengobatan Rasional..........................................................................15

1. Tepat indikasi................................................................................15

2. Tepat pasien..................................................................................15

3. Tepat obat.....................................................................................15

4. Tepat dosis....................................................................................15

D. Rumah Sakit.......................................................................................16

1. Definisi rumah sakit......................................................................16

2. Rekam medis................................................................................16

3. Formularium rumah sakit.............................................................17

E. Landasan Teori...................................................................................18

F. Keterangan Empirik............................................................................19

BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN..............................................................20

A. Rancangan penelitia..........................................................................20
B. Waktu dan tempat penelitian............................................................20

1. Waktu penelitian...........................................................................20

2. Tempat penelitia...........................................................................20

C. Populasi dan Sampel..........................................................................20

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 1. Populasi.........................................................................................20

2. Sampel..........................................................................................21

D. Teknik Sampling................................................................................21

E. Subyek Penelitia.................................................................................21

1. Kriteria inklusi..............................................................................21

2. Ktiteria eksklusi............................................................................21

F. Variabel Penelitia...............................................................................21

1. Identifikasi variable......................................................................21

2. Klasifikasi variabel utama............................................................22

3. Definisi variabel penelitian...........................................................22

G. Alat dan Bahan....................................................................................23

H. Jalannya penelitia................................................................................24

I. Analisis Data.........................................................................................24

DAFTAR PUSTAKA...................................................................................25

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