ABSTRAK

Grace Anjelin. 2023. Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning

untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik (Materi Pokok Asam Basa).
Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia. Jurusan Kimia. Fakultas Matematika
dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Negeri Makassar. (Dibimbing oleh
Pince Salempa dan Muhammad Jasri Djangi).

Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning merupakan proses pembelajaran dengan

melibatkan siswa secara aktif untuk memperoleh pengetahuan yang belum
diketahuinya tidak dengan melalui pemberitahuan, tetapi mereka menemukan
sendiri. Dengan tujuan untuk membantu siswa dalam memahami konsep-konsep
dan keterampilan berpikir secara analitis praktis. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian
deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran
discovery learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi
pokok asam basa. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas XI MIPA Andes yang berjumlah
35 peserta didik. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes hasil
belajar dan lembar observasi. Data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan statistik
deskriptif. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan hasil belajar dengan rata-rata
33,8 sebelum perlakuan dan setelah perlakuan meningkat menjadi 86 dengan rata-
rata gain ternormalisasi 0,79 yang berada pada kategori Tinggi. Berdasarkan data
tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran discovery
learning efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi
pokok asam basa.

Kata Kunci: keefektifan, discovery learning, hasil belajar.

 ABSTRACT

Grace Angelin. 2023. The Effectiveness of the Discovery Learning Learning

Model to Improve Student Learning Outcomes (Basic Acid-Base Material).
Thesis. Chemistry Education Study Program. Chemistry Department. Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Sciences. Makassar public university. (Supervised by
Pince Salempa and Muhammad Jasri Djangi).

Discovery Learning Learning Model is a learning process by actively involving

students to acquire knowledge that they do not yet know, not through notification,
but they find it themselves. With the aim to assist students in understanding the
concepts and skills to think analytically practically. This research is a descriptive
study that aims to determine the effectiveness of the discovery learning model to
improve student learning outcomes in the subject matter of acids and bases. The
research subjects were class XI MIPA Andes, totaling 35 students. Data collection
was carried out using learning achievement tests and observation sheets. The data
were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the descriptive analysis
show that the learning outcomes with an average of 33.8 before treatment and
after treatment increased to 86 with an average normalized gain of 0.79 which is
in the High category. Based on these data it can be concluded that the use of
discovery learning learning models is effective for improving student learning
outcomes in the subject matter of acids and bases.

Keywords: effectiveness, discovery learning, learning outcomes.

 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................ i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................. ii
PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN ............................................................................. iii
PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI ............................................................................ iv
MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN ...................................................................... v
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vi
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vii
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ xi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 1
B. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 5
C. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................... 5
D. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................... 6
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................... 7
A. Kajian Pustaka ............................................................................................... 7
1. Keefektifan Pembelajaran........................................................................ 7
2. Media Flipbook dalam Pembelajaran...................................................... 10
3. Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing................................................ 12
4. Media Flipbook pada Model Inkuiri Terbimbing ................................... 17
5. Hasil Belajar............................................................................................ 18
B. Tinjauan Umum Materi Larutan Penyangga................................................. 21
1. Alokasi Waktu ........................................................................................ 21
2. Kompetensi Inti (KI), Kompetensi Dasar (KD) dan Indikator
22
Pencapaian Kompetensi (IPK)................................................................
3. Materi Larutan Penyangga...................................................................... 23
C. Kerangka Pikir ............................................................................................... 29
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................... 32
A. Jenis Penelitian ............................................................................................... 32
B. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ........................................................................ 32
C. Subjek Penelitian ........................................................................................... 32
D. Desain Penelitian ........................................................................................... 33
E. Definisi Operasional Konsep ......................................................................... 33
F. Prosedur Penelitian......................................................................................... 34
 1. Tahap Persiapan....................................................................................... 34
2. Tahap Pelaksanaan…………………....................................................... 35
3. Tahap Akhir............................................................................................. 37
G. Instrumen Penelitian....................................................................................... 37
1. Tes Hasil Belajar ..................................................................................... 37
2. Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran…................................ 39
3. Angket Aktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik................................................... 39
H. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 40
1. Hasil Belajar ........................................................................................... 40
2. Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran ................................................................. 41
3. Aktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik ............................................................... 41
I. Teknik Analisis Data ...................................................................................... 42
1. Hasil Belajar ........................................................................................... 42
2. Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran…….......................................................... 46
3. Aktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik................................................................ 47
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................... 48
A. Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................................. 48
1. Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik ..................................................................... 48
2. Hasil Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran ....................................... 53
3. Hasil Angket Aktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik......................................... 54
B. Pembahasan .................................................................................................... 54
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................... 63
A. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................... 63
B. Saran .............................................................................................................. 63
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 64
LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................................... 68