Muslikhin Hidayat, PhD

Department Teknik Kimia

FT UGM
Yogyakarta, 2020
Learning Objectives:
 Students are able to explain transport
mechanisms for momentum, heat and mass
transfer
 Students are able to do analysis for momentum,
heat, and mass transfer based on fundamental
principles
 Students are able to apply the fundamental
principles to analyze simple industrial cases
Learning outcomes:
 Students are able to develop microscopic
mathematical equations for momentum, heat, and
mass transfer for non-turbulent systems based on
volume element
 Students are able to predict both steady and unsteady
state velocity, temperature and concentration
distributions for various simple geometries in single
and two dimension utilizing analytical method
 Students are able to relate measured variables with
microscopic distribution of velocity, temperature and
concentration
References:
 R.B. Bird, W.W. Stewart, and E.N. Lightfoot, 2002,
“Transport Phenomena”, John Wiley & Sons.
 J.R. Welty, C.E. Wicks, and R.E. Wilson, 1984,
Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass
Transfer, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons.
 W.M. Deen, 1998, “ Analysis of Transport Phenomena”,
Oxford University Press.
Penilaian :
 Homework and projects
 It will be explained later on
Topics
 Momentum Transfer
Chapter 1, 2, 3,4, 8 (Reference # 1)
 Heat Transfer
Chapter 9, 10, 11, 12 (Reference # 1)
 Mass Transfer
Chapter 17, 18, 19, 20 (Reference # 1)
Bbrp catatan penting dari Bird dkk 2 ed (2002)
 Bab disusun berdasarkan urutan transfer momentum,
energi dan massa
 Masing-masing bab di ketiga kejadian/proses
dikelompokkan menjadi 8 bab
 Transport by molecular motion
 Transport in one dimension (shell balance methods)
 Transport in arbitrary continue (use of general transport
equations)
 Transport with two independent variables (special
methods)
Bbrp catatan penting dari Bird dkk 2 ed (2002)
 Masing-masing bab di ketiga kejadian/proses
dikelompokkan menjadi 8 bab
 Transport in turbulent flow and eddy transport
properties
 Transport accross phase boundaries
 Transport in large system
 Transport by others mechanisms
 Problem solving A (mudah), B (analytical problems),
C (more advanced analutical problems), D (the most
advanced analytical problems)
Pengantar
 Apa itu proses transfer?

 Transfer momentum
 Transfer energi
Analog
 Transfer massa

 Banyak dipelajari di analytical chemistry, material

science, pharmacitical, engineering, agriculture,
meteorology, biology etc
Mengapa ketiga mekanisme transport perlu
dipelajari secara bersama
 Di dunia nyata peristiwa ini terjadi secara simultan
 Persamaan yang mewakili ketiga proses transfer tsb
sejenis atau analog
 Mathematical tools yang diperlukan similar
 Molecular mechanism juga similar
Pendekatan Transport Phenomena
 Dari level micro sampai level macro
Pendekatan Transport Phenomena
 Dari level micro sampai level macro
Pendekatan Transport Phenomena
 Molecular level memprediksi sifat sifat fluida
berdasarkan sifat molekul dan pergerakan molekul
 Microscopic level mempelajari profil kecepatan,
tekanan, suhu dan konsentrasi berdasarkan analisis
elemen volum
 Macroscopic level mengevaluasi sistem yang lebih
besar (sering digunakan dalam dunia industri dan real
world), lump analysis
 I/P FIC

FT TT

• Flow Profile Pipe Wall

Lower velocity at the edge

Higher velocity in the middle

Lower velocity at the edge

Laminar Flow Turbulent Flow

Transition Flow
 Shedder Bar

FLOW

Vortices
Aerospace

Biomedical

F18 Store Separation

Automotive Temperature and natural

convection currents in the eye
following laser heating.

26
 Chemical Processing

Polymerization reactor vessel - prediction

of flow separation and residence time
effects.
Hydraulics

HVAC
Streamlines for workstation
ventilation

27
 Marine Sports

Oil & Gas Power Generation

Flow of lubricating Flow around cooling

mud over drill bit towers
28
 Percobaan Reynolds
Pengukuran aliran
Udara
Injeksi Serbuk 1. Hot film sensor
Film

Hasil test 2. LDA

Control Valve

Draw
Visual Test
Section

Flow rate rendah Aliran laminer

Flow rate medium

Aliran transisi

Flow rate tinggi

Aliran turbulen
TWO PHASE FLOW
 Flow Regimes: Vertical Flow

• Four flow regimes:

 Bubble
 Slug
 Churn
 Annular

• Change based on gas

and liquid rate
Microchannels in porous media

Microfluidics in EOR Bubble break-up in

process1 microchannels2
 Connectivity and Clustering

Dead End

Inlet Outlet
Cluster is Connected

Periodic Boundary Condition