SKRIPSI

PERANCANGAN SISTEM KONTROL

AUTOMATIC PAPER RECYLE MACHINE BERBASIS
MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO UNO R3

Disusun Sebagai Syarat untuk Kelulusan

pada Program Studi Strata 1 Teknik Mesin

Oleh :
ILHAM MALIKI
NIM : 19.21.201.107

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK MESIN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH TANGERANG
2023
 LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN

PERANCANGAN SISTEM KONTROL AUTOMATIC PAPER

RECYLE MACHINE BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
ARDUINO UNO R3

Di Susun Oleh :
ILHAM MALIKI
NIM : 19.21.201.107

Menyentujui,
Tangerang, 03 September 2023

Ketua Program Studi,

Teknik Mesin Pembimbing

Dr. Yafid Effendi, ST., MT Dr. Yafid Effendi, ST., MT

NIDN : 0411098302 NIDN : 0411098302
 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

PERANCANGAN SISTEM KONTROL AUTOMATIC PAPER

RECYLE MACHINE BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
ARDUINO UNO R3

Disusun Sebagai Syarat untuk Kelulusan

pada Program Studi Strata 1 Teknik Mesin

Nama : ILHAM MALIKI

Nim : 19.21.201.107
Prodi : Teknik Mesin

Telah dipertahankan di depan Tim Penguji

Dan dinyatakan lulus pada Sidang Tugas Akhir
Pada : 03 September 2023

Pembimbing : NIDN :
Penguji 1 : NIDN :
Penguji 2 : NIDN :

Dekan Ketua Program Studi

Fakultas Teknik UMT Teknik Mesin

Rohmat Taufiq, ST., M.Kom Dr. Yafid Effendi, ST., MT

NIDN : 0419038004 NIDN : 0411098302
 SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN HASIL

Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa :

1. Karya tulis saya, Laporan Tugas Akhir ini adalah Asli dan belum pernah
diajukan di Prodi Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
2. Karya tulis ini murni gagasan, rumusan, dan penilaian saya sendiri, tanpa
bantuan pihak lain, kecuali arahan Pembimbing.
3. Dalam karya tulis ini tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang telah ditulis
atau dipublikasikan orang lain, kecuali secara tertulis dengan jelas
dicantumkan sebagai acuan dalam naskah dengan disebut nama pengarang
dan dicantumkan dalam daftar pustaka.
4. Pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sesungguhnya dan apabila dikemudian hari
terdapat penyimpangan dan ketidak benaran dalam pernyataan ini maka
saya bersedia menerima sanksi akademik sesuai dengan ketentukan
Program Studi di Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.

Tangerang, 03 September 2023

Yang membuat pernyataan

(ILHAM MALIKI)
ABSTRAK
ABSTRACT
 KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur penyusun panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, karena hanya atas
rahmat dan hidayah – Nya Laporan Tugas Akhir ini dapat tersusun hingga selesai.

Laporan ini merupakan hasil rangkuman kegiatan Penelitian Skripsi, untuk

memenuhi persyaratan yang telah ditentukan oleh Universitas Muhammadiyah
Tangerang.

Dalam melakukan Tugas Akhir dan menyusun Laporan ini, penyusun telah
melibatkan berbagai pihak, untuk itu tidak lupa ucapan terima kasih penyusun
sampaikan kepada :

1. Dr. H. Achmad Amarullah, S.Pd., M.Pd, selaku Rektor Universitas

Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
2. Rohmat Taufiq, ST., M.Kom, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
3. Dr. Ir. Sumardi Sadi, ST., MT, selaku Wakil Dekan 1 Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
4. Tina Hernawati, ST., MT, selaku Wakil Dekan 2 Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
5. Dr. Yafid Effendi, S.T., MT, selaku Kaprodi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
6. Ir. Ali Rosyidin, ST., MM., MT, selaku Sekprodi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas
Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
7. Bambang Suhardi Waluyo, ST., MT, selaku Pembimbing Skripsi yang
selalu memberikan masukan dan dukungan kepada penulis.
8. Rekan-rekan Mahasiswa Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah
Tangerang angkatan 2019 yang selalu membantu.
9. Kedua orang tua, saudara dan teman-teman yang selalu memberikan
dukungan baik moril maupun materil.
10. Oktavia Sundawa yang selalu memberikan semangat dan dukungan kepada
penulis.
11. Seluruh pihak yang secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang telah
membantu dalam pelaksanaan dan penyusunan Laporan Skripsi.

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 Saya menyadari bahwa penulisan laporan ini masih jauh dari sempurna, oleh
karena itu saya mengharapkan adanya kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun
dari pembaca guna menyempurnakan laporan di masa akan datang.

Akhir kata semoga laporan Skripsi ini dapat memberikan masukan bagi
mahasiswa dan memperluas pengetahuan kita smua tentang keindahan sebuah
penelitian tugas akhir.

Tangerang, 03 September 2023

ILHAM MALIKI

ii
 DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN HASIL
ABSTRAK
ABSTRACT
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... i
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xi
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................... 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ........................................................................... 2
1.3 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................. 3
1.4 Batasan Masalah ................................................................................. 3
1.5 Tujuan Dan Manfaat Penelitian.......................................................... 4
1.6 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 4
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan......................................................................... 5
1.8 Rencana Kegiatan Penelitian .............................................................. 6
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Pengertian Sistem Microcontroller..................................................... 7
2.1.1 Arduino Uno ........................................................................... 7
2.1.2 Fungsi Bagian-Bagian Dari Arduino ...................................... 9
2.1.3 NodeMcu 8266 ....................................................................... 12
2.1.4 Fungsi Bagian-Bagian Dari Nodemcu 8266 .......................... 13
2.2 Software Arduino IDE ....................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Struktur Dasar Penulisan Sketch ............................................ 15
2.2.2 Syntax Dalam Penulisan Program .......................................... 16
2.2.3 Fitur-Fitur Pada Software Arduino IDE ................................. 16

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 2.2.4 Variabel Pada Common Type ................................................ 17
2.2.5 Pin Digital............................................................................... 18
2.2.6 Pin Analog .............................................................................. 18
2.3 Sensor Soil Moisture (Sensor Kelembaban) ...................................... 19
2.3.1 Cara Kerja Sensor Moisture ................................................... 20
2.4 Relay................................................................................................... 21
2.4.1 Fungsi Kegunaan Relay.......................................................... 21
2.4.2 Pengertian Kontak NO, NC, Dan Com .................................. 22
2.5 LCD I2C 20x4 .................................................................................... 23
2.5.1 Bagian-Bagian Pin LCD 20x4 ................................................ 24
2.6 Pompa Air .......................................................................................... 25
2.6.1 Bagian-bagian Mesin Pompa Air dan Fungsinya ................... 26
2.7 Breadboard ......................................................................................... 27
2.7.1 Struktur Breadboard ............................................................... 27
2.8 Kabel Jumper...................................................................................... 28
2.9 RTC (Real Time Clock) ..................................................................... 29
2.10 Saklar.................................................................................................. 30

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Diagram Alir Penelitian ..................................................................... 31
3.2 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 32
3.3 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 33
3.4 Alat dan Bahan Penelitian .................................................................. 33
3.4.1 Alat dan Bahan ....................................................................... 33
3.4.2 Software Pendukung............................................................... 43
3.5 Tempat dan Waktu Pelaksanaan ........................................................ 43
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1 Proses Perakitan Wiring Diagram ...................................................... 44
4.2 Proses Instalasi Driver Nodemcu ....................................................... 49
4.2.1 Proses Pemrograman .............................................................. 51
4.2.2 Mendefinisikan Kode Program .............................................. 57

iv
 4.2.3 Menghubungkan Blynk Android ............................................ 61
4.3 Proses Perakitan (Assembly) .............................................................. 72
4.4 Sistem Kerja Penyiraman Otomatis ................................................... 80
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1 Kesimpulan......................................................................................... 84
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................... 84
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

v
 DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Arduino .......................................................................................... 8
Gambar 2.2 Bagian Board Arduino ................................................................... 9
Gambar 2.3 NodeMcu ....................................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.4 Pin Board Nodemcu ...................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.5 Arduino IDE .................................................................................. 13
Gambar 2.6 Sketch ............................................................................................ 15
Gambar 2.7 Fitur Menu ..................................................................................... 16
Gambar 2.8 Sensor Soil Moisture ..................................................................... 20
Gambar 2.9 Relay .............................................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.10 Normally Open .............................................................................. 22
Gambar 2.11 Normally Close .............................................................................. 22
Gambar 2.12 Simbol Common............................................................................ 23
Gambar 2.13 LCD I2C 20x4 ............................................................................... 24
Gambar 2.14 Pompa Air ...................................................................................... 26
Gambar 2.15 Breadboard .................................................................................... 27
Gambar 2.16 Struktur Breadboard ...................................................................... 28
Gambar 2.17 Kabel Jumper ................................................................................. 29
Gambar 2.18 RTC (Real Time Clock) ................................................................ 29
Gambar 2.19 Saklar ............................................................................................. 30
Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Penelitian ................................................................. 31
Gambar 4.1 Nodemcu........................................................................................ 44
Gambar 4.2 Soket 2 Pin Header ........................................................................ 44
Gambar 4.3 Soket 4 Pin Header ........................................................................ 45
Gambar 4.4 Modul I2C ..................................................................................... 45
Gambar 4.5 Pin RTC ......................................................................................... 46
Gambar 4.6 Soket Relay .................................................................................... 46
Gambar 4.7 Pin Relay ....................................................................................... 46
Gambar 4.8 Kabel Pompa Air ........................................................................... 47

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Gambar 4.9 Kabel Solenoid .............................................................................. 47
Gambar 4.10 Jalur LCD 20x4 ............................................................................. 48
Gambar 4.11 Hasil Penyolderan .......................................................................... 48
Gambar 4.12 Skema Wiring Diagram ................................................................. 48
Gambar 4.13 Menghubungkan Port Usb ............................................................. 49
Gambar 4.14 Port USB Nodemcu ....................................................................... 49
Gambar 4.15 Install Arduine IDE ....................................................................... 50
Gambar 4.16 Arduino IDE .................................................................................. 50
Gambar 4.17 Menu Tools .................................................................................... 50
Gambar 4.18 .. Menu Board .......................................................................................... 51
Gambar 4.19 Klik Port ........................................................................................ 51
Gambar 4.20 Library Arduino ............................................................................. 52
Gambar 4.21 Penambahan Fitur Library ............................................................. 57
Gambar 4.22 Install LCD .................................................................................... 57
Gambar 4.23 Code wifi ....................................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.24 Kode Timer .................................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.25 Setting Waktu ................................................................................ 58
Gambar 4.26 Settingan Pagi ................................................................................ 59
Gambar 4.27 Settingan Malam. ........................................................................... 59
Gambar 4.28 Else ................................................................................................ 59
Gambar 4.29 Tanah Kering ................................................................................. 60
Gambar 4.30 Tanah Basah .................................................................................. 60
Gambar 4.31 Void Setup ...................................................................................... 60
Gambar 4.32 Void Loop ...................................................................................... 61
Gambar 4.33 Download Blynk Android ............................................................. 61
Gambar 4.34 Buka Aplikasi Blynk ..................................................................... 62
Gambar 4.35 Login Blynk ................................................................................... 62
Gambar 4.36 Masukan Email .............................................................................. 62
Gambar 4.37 Klik logo (+) .................................................................................. 63

vii
Gambar 4.38 Manualy from template ................................................................. 63
Gambar 4.39 Quickstart Template ...................................................................... 63
Gambar 4.40 Ganti Nama Projek ........................................................................ 64
Gambar 4.41 Login Kembali ............................................................................... 64
Gambar 4.42 Menu Template .............................................................................. 64
Gambar 4.43 New Datastreams ........................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.44 Pin Analog ..................................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.45 Setting Pin Analog......................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.46 Pin Digital...................................................................................... 66
Gambar 4.47 Setting Pin Digital ......................................................................... 66
Gambar 4.48 Pin Virtual ..................................................................................... 66
Gambar 4.49 Setting Pin LCD ............................................................................ 67
Gambar 4.50 Buka Aplikasi ................................................................................ 67
Gambar 4.51 Logo Setting .................................................................................. 67
Gambar 4.52 Klik (+) .......................................................................................... 68
Gambar 4.53 Tambahkan Widget ....................................................................... 68
Gambar 4.54 Grafik Sensor ................................................................................. 69
Gambar 4.55 Setting Grafik Sensor .................................................................... 69
Gambar 4.56 Grafik Sensor (A0) ........................................................................ 69
Gambar 4.57 Widget LCD .................................................................................. 70
Gambar 4.58 Setting LCD ................................................................................... 70
Gambar 4.59 Widget Button Solenoid ................................................................ 70
Gambar 4.60 Setting Switch Solenoid ................................................................ 71
Gambar 4.61 Widget Button Pompa ................................................................... 71
Gambar 4.62 Setting Switch Pompa.................................................................... 71
Gambar 4.63 Pemasangan Pompa Dan Solenoid ................................................ 72
Gambar 4.64 Pembuatan Lubang PCB................................................................ 72
Gambar 4.65 Pembuatan Lubang Kabel Gland ................................................... 73
Gambar 4.66 Terminal Blok ................................................................................ 73

viii
Gambar 4.67 Pemasangan PCB........................................................................... 73
Gambar 4.68 Pemasangan Box Panel.................................................................. 74
Gambar 4.69 Pemasangan Box Power Pompa .................................................... 74
Gambar 4.70 Jalur Pompa Air ............................................................................. 75
Gambar 4.71 Jalur Solenoid ................................................................................ 75
Gambar 4.72 Pemasangan Stop kontak ............................................................... 75
Gambar 4.73 Saklar ON OFF .............................................................................. 76
Gambar 4.74 Jalur Saklar .................................................................................... 76
Gambar 4.75 Tempelkan Stop Kontak ................................................................ 77
Gambar 4.76 Pemasangan LCD .......................................................................... 77
Gambar 4.77 Menghubungkan Jalur LCD .......................................................... 78
Gambar 4.78 Adapter .......................................................................................... 78
Gambar 4.79 Tutup Box Panel ............................................................................ 79
Gambar 4.80 Mesin Siram Otomatis................................................................... 79

ix
 DAFTAR TABEL

1.1 Tabel Rencana Kegiatan .............................................................................. 6

2.1 Tabel Spesifikasi Arduino Uno ................................................................... 11
2.2 Tabel Spesifikasi Nodemcu ......................................................................... 13
3.1 Tabel Spesifikasi Nodemcu 8266 ................................................................ 33
3.2 Tabel Spesifikasi Soil Moisture ................................................................... 34
3.3 Tabel Spesifikasi Solenoid Water Valve ..................................................... 35
3.4 Tabel Spesifikasi LCD I2C.......................................................................... 35
3.5 Tabel Spesifikasi Pompa Air ....................................................................... 36
3.6 Tabel Spesifikasi Relay ............................................................................... 36
3.7 Tabel Spesifikasi RTC ................................................................................. 37
3.9 Tabel Spesifikasi Papan PCB ...................................................................... 37
3.10 Tabel Spesifikasi Solder .............................................................................. 38
3.12 Tabel Spesifikasi Saklar .............................................................................. 38
3.13 Tabel Spesifikasi Box panel ........................................................................ 39
3.14 Tabel Spesifikasi Adapter ............................................................................ 39
3.15 Tabel Spesifikasi Steker .............................................................................. 39
3.16 Tabel Spesifikasi Stop Kontak..................................................................... 40
3.17 Tabel Spesifikasi Kabel NYM ..................................................................... 40
3.18 Tabel Spesifikasi Mesin Bor........................................................................ 41
3.19 Tabel Spesifikasi Mata Bor ......................................................................... 41
3.20 Tabel Spesifikasi Kabel Gland .................................................................... 42
3.21 Tabel Spesifikasi Power Supplay ................................................................ 42
3.22 Tabel Spesifikasi Box Casing ...................................................................... 42

x
 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Sertifikat Pelatihan Microcontroller Arduino .....................................................L-1

Surat Pengantar Penelitian Tugas Akhir .............................................................L-2
Surat Bimbingan Tugas Akhir ............................................................................L-3

xi