Tugas manajerial
Metode Penugasan Keperawatan
1. Private duty
2. Fungsional Nursing
3. Team Nursing
4. Primary Nursing
5. Case Management
6. Current Evolving Types
(Huber, 2000)
Metode Tim
Konsep:
Ketua tim sebaiknya yang berpendidikan
atau berpengalaman
Komunikasi yg efektif diperlukan
Ketua tim harus menggunakan semua
teknik manajemen & kepemimpinan
Pelaksanaan keperawatan tim sebaiknya
fleksibel
Team Nursing
Charge Nurse RN
Team Team
Leader RN Leader RN
RN LVN NA RN LVN NA
Group of Group of
Patients Patients
Metode Tim
Keuntungan:
Memfasilitasi askep yang komprehensif
Memungkinkan proses keperawatan dijalankan
Konflik dapat dikurangi dengan rapat tim
Kepuasan anggota dalam hubungan interpersonal
Penyatuan kemampuan anggota yg berbeda
Metode Tim
Kerugian:
Rapat tim perlu waktu
Perawat yang belum
berpengalaman/terampil selalu bergantung
pada anggota yang mampu
Akuntabilitas dalam tim kabur
Praktek Primary Nursing
Fragmentasi asuhan
Channel komunikasi kompleks
Shared responsibilities & lack of
accountability
Primary Nursing
4 Elemen:
Alokasi & penerimaan tanggung
jawab individu
Penugasan utk asuhan harian dengan
metode kasus
Komunikasi langsung person-to-
person
Caregiver as care planner (24 jam
sehari, 7 hari seminggu)
Primary Nurse
24-hour responsibility for
planning, directing & Associate Nurses
Physician and
other members evaluating patient care Provide care
of the health care when primary
team nurse is off duty
Patient
Tahapan:
1. Keputusan utk menggali konsep PN
2. Pengumpulan data
3. Persetujuan utk implementasi
4. Evaluasi
Implikasi Praktek Primary Nursing
1. Pendidikan:
Penggunaan PN sbg teacher
(preceptorship)
Implikasi pada kurikulum
2. Makna spesialisasi klinis
Spesialisasi perawat muncul secara spontan
3. Power of knowledge
Outcomes Penerapan Primary Nursing
Job satisfaction & job design
increased job satisfaction
Admission to transfer
More accountability, autonomy & responsibility
Recognition of nurse knowledge by medical staff
Administration & organization
Flattened hierarchy
Benefits of being a team
Administrative benefits
Knowing the patient linked to outcomes
Knowing the patient
Enhanced relationship with patient
Continuity of care
(Manley, Hamill, & Hanlon, 1997)
Outcomes Penerapan Primary Nursing
(Jonsdottir, 1999)
Thank You