ASNT Certification And Qualifications

PELATIHAN DAN SERTIFIKASI UNTUK

PERSONIL PENGUJIAN TANPA MERUSAK
• Personil yang melakukan inspeksi tanpa merusak
memerlukan pengetahuan mengenai ilmu pengetahuan
dan teknologi pengujian tanpa merusak
• Personil berupa teknisi dan supervisor harus memiliki
pengetahuan pengujian tanpa merusak
• pengetahuan pengujian tanpa merusak dapat diperoleh
melalui pelatihan (training)
• Pelatihan terdiri dari jumlah jam pelajaran teori dan
praktek serta jumlah bulan pengalaman
 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION FOR TESTING
PERSONNEL WITHOUT DAMAGE

● Personnel carrying out non-destructive inspections require knowledge of

non-destructive testing science and technology
● • Personnel in the form of technicians and supervisors must have testing
knowledge without damage
● • knowledge of testing without damage can be obtained through training
(training)
● • Training consists of a number of hours of theoretical and practical lessons
as well as a number of months of experience
KUALIFIKASI DAN SERTIFIKASI
PERSONIL PENGUJIAN TANPA MERUSAK
• Personil yang melakukan inspeksi tanpa merusak
memiliki kualifikasi dan sertifikasi mengacu kepada
standar American Society for Nondestructive Testing
(ASNT)
• Program sertifikasi dan kualifikasi untuk personil
nondestructive testing (NDT) diselenggarakan
menggunakan kerangka kerja recommended practice
SNT-TC-1A
• SNT-TC-1A adalah Society for Non-Destructive Testing-
Technical Committee No 1A sebagai terbitan pertama
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Personnel who conduct inspections without damage have qualifications

and certifications according to the American Society for Nondestructive
Testing (ASNT) standards.
● • Certification and qualification programs for non-destructive testing (NDT)
personnel are carried out using the SNT-TC-1A recommended practice
framework
● • SNT-TC-1A is the Society for Non-Destructive Testing-Technical
Committee No 1A as the first issue
• Certification adalah kesaksian tertulis suatu kualifikasi
• certifying authority adalah person atau person yang ditunjuk
pada written practice (petunjuk tertulis) untuk tandatangan
setuju sebagai employer
• closed book examination adalah administrasi ujian tanpa akses
terhadap material referensi kecuali material yang disediakan
• Comparable adalah ekivalen atau level serupa suatu
tanggungjawab dan kesuitan NDT yang ditentukan oleh Level
III employer
• Documented adalah kondisi formulir tertulis
• Employer adalah korporat, privat atau instansi publik yang
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Certification is a written testimony of a qualification

● • certifying authority is the person or person appointed to the written practice (written
instructions) to sign the agreement as an employer
● • closed book examination is test administration without access to reference material
except the material provided
● • Comparable is the equivalent or similar level of NDT responsibility and compliance
determined by Level III employers
● • Documented is the condition of the written form
● • Employer is a corporate, private or public institution that
● employ (use services) personnel
● • Experience is work activity and performance on an NDT method under qualified
supervision
• limited certification adalah sertifikasi terbatas suatu metode
NDT. Metode NDT dapat dipecah menjadi disiplin terbatas
• nondestructive testing adalah proses yang terdiri dari inspeksi,
pengujian, atau evaluasi material komponen tanpa merusak
komponen. NDT dilakukan untuk mendeteksi diskontnuitas
• outside agency adalah korporat atau individu yang
menyediakan jasa NDT level III
• Qualification adalah penunjukkan (pembuktian) skill praktek,
pengetahuan, dokumentasi training (pembelajaran) dan
dokumentasi pengalaman oleh personel pada suatu
penugasan kerja
• recommended practice adalah sekumpulan petunjuk yang
membantu personel untuk mengembangkan prosedur yang
seragam untuk kualifikasi dan sertifikasi personel NDT
sehingga memuaskan persyaratan tertentu employer
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Limited Certification is a limited certification of an NDT method. The NDT method

can be broken down into limited disciplines
● • Nondestructive testing is a process consisting of inspection, testing, or evaluation of
component materials without damaging the components. NDT is carried out to detect
discontinuity
● • outside agency is a corporation or individual that provides level III NDT services
● • Qualification is the appointment (proof) of practical skills, knowledge, training
documentation (learning) and documentation of experience by personnel on a job
assignment
● • recommended practice is a set of guidelines that help personnel to develop uniform
procedures for NDT personnel qualifications and certification so as to satisfy certain
employer requirements
• Training adalah program berorganisasi (berstruktur
tertentu) yang dikembangkan untuk memberikan
pengetahuan dan skill praktik untuk kualifikasi
• written practice adalah prosedur bertulis yang
dikembangkan oleh employer yang berisi rincian
persyaratan untuk kualifikasi dan sertifikasi employer
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Training is an organized (structured) program developed to provide practical

knowledge and skills for qualifications
● • Written Practice is a written procedure developed by an employer that contains
detailed requirements for employer's qualifications and certifications
• ASNT adalah American Society for Nondestructive Testing
• Recommended Practice adalah kerangka kerja umum
untuk program kualifikasi dan sertifikasi
• Dokumen ini menyediakan rekomendasi edukasi,
pengalaman dan persyaratan training untuk masing-
masing metode tes
• Dokumen ini berisi pertanyaan ujian untuk personel
nondestructive testing
• Kontrak program harus disetujui oleh pembeli dan penjual
penyedia
• Kata should digunakan memberikan penekanan
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • ASNT is the American Society for Nondestructive Testing

● • Recommended Practice is a general framework
● for qualification and certification programs
● • This document provides educational recommendations, experience and training
requirements for each test method
● • This document contains exam questions for nondestructive testing personnel
● • Program contracts must be agreed by the buyer and seller of the provider
● • The word should be used to emphasize
• Employer memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menentukan
kebutuhan spesifik dan modifikasi guideline (panduan)
written practice
• Pada employer written practice, kata shall digunakan
sebagai pengganti should untuk penekanan kebutuhan
tertentu
• Tahun edisi diberikan keterangan tambahan sebagai
keterangan informasi baru. Garis vertikal menunjukkan
modifikasi teks
• ASNT berlokasi di Ohio, Amerika Serikat
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Employers have the responsibility to determine the specific needs and modification
of written practice guidelines
● • In employer written practice, the word shall be used instead of should to emphasize
certain needs
● • Year of edition is given additional information as a description of new information.
Vertical lines indicate text modifications
● • ASNT is located in Ohio, United States
• Aplikasi nondestructive testing (NDT) bergantung pada
kapabilitas personel yang bertanggung jawab dan
melakukan NDT
• Recommended practice memberikan panduan untuk
kualifikasi dan sertifikasi personel NDT yang memiliki
tanggung jawab untuk prinsip teknikal, melakukan, saksi,
monitor dan evaluasi
• Employer harus memahami faktor esensial terhadap
metode NDT
• Written practice dapat dibuat untuk aplikasi tertentu
dengan mengacu pada recommended practice.
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Non-destructive testing (NDT) applications depend on the capability of the

personnel responsible and conducting the NDT
● • Recommended practice provides guidance for the qualifications and certification of
NDT personnel who have responsibility for technical, conducting, witnessing,
monitoring and evaluation principles
● • Employers must understand the essential factors for NDT methods
● • Written practice can be made for certain applications with reference to
recommended practice.
• Nondestructive testing (NDT) adalah proses yang
mencakup inspeksi, pengujian dan evaluasi material
komponen teknik terhadap masalah diskontinuitas dan
sifat material tanpa perusakan (impair) penggunaan
komponen tersebut
• NDT berarti metode inspeksi NDT untuk aplikasi inspeksi
material, deteksi flaw atau prediksi perawatan (predictive
maintenance, PdM)
• Recommended practice berupa acuan untuk written
practice
• Training adalah program yang terorganisasi untuk
memberikan pengetahuan (knowledge) dan kemampuan
(skill) untuk kualifikasi
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a process that includes the inspection, testing and
evaluation of material technical components of the problem of discontinuity and
material properties without damage (use) of these components
● • NDT means the NDT inspection method for material inspection applications, flaw
detection or predictive maintenance (PdM)
● • Recommended practice is a reference to written practice
● • Training is an organized program to provide knowledge and skills for qualifications
• Kualifikasi adalah penunjukkan skill, knowledge, training dan
pengalaman personel pada pekerjaan spesifik
• Rekomendasi praktis memiliki cakupan metode:
• Acoustic emission testing
• Electromagnetic testing
• Laser testing metods
• Leak testing
• Liquid penetrant testing
• Magnetic flux leakage
• Magnetic particle testing
• Neutron radiographic testing
• Radiographic testing
• Thermal/inrared testing
• Ultrasonic testing
• Vibration analysis
• Visual testing
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Qualification is the appointment of skills, knowledge, training and experience of

personnel on specific jobs
● • Practical recommendations have a range of methods: • Acoustic emission testing
● • Electromagnetic testing
● • Laser testing methods
● • Leak testing
● • Liquid penetrant testing
● • Magnetic flux leakage
● • Magnetic particle testing
● • Neutron radiographic testing • Radiographic testing
● • Thermal / in testing
● • Ultrasonic testing
● • Vibration analysis
● • Visual testing
• Terdapat tiga basic level kualifikasi berdasarkan skil dan
tanggung jawab
• Setiap individu yang sedang training, kualifikasi dan
sertifikasi disebut trainee dan bekerja terhadap certified
individu
• Trainee tidak diperbolehkan untuk melakukan, membaca,
evaluasi dan melaporkan hasil pengujian NDT
• Basic level terdiri dari level I, II dan III
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • There are three basic levels of qualifications based on skill and responsibility
● • Every individual who is training, qualifying and certifying is called a trainee and
works for a certified individual
● • Trainees are not permitted to conduct, read, evaluate and report NDT test results
● • Basic level consists of levels I, II and III
• NDT level I individual memiliki kualifikasi untuk melakukan
spesifik kalibrasi, spesifik pengukuran dan spesifik
evaluasi untuk penentuan acceptance atau rejection
berdasarkan written instruction dan merekam hasil. NDT
level I menerima instruksi dan pengawasan dari NDT
Level II atau III individual
• NDT level II individual memiliki kualifikasi set up dan
kalibrasi peralatan dan interpretasi dan evaluasi hasil
pengujian terhadap code, standard dan spesifikasi. NDT
Level II memiliki kemampuan membuat written instruction
dan membuat laporan hasil pengujian
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • NDT level I individuals have the qualifications to carry out specific calibrations,
specific measurements and specific evaluations for determining acceptance or
rejection based on written instructions and recording results. NDT level I receives
instructions and supervision from NDT Level II or III individually
● • NDT level II individuals have the qualifications to set up and calibrate equipment
and interpret and evaluate test results against codes, standards and specifications.
NDT Level II has the ability to make written instructions and report test results
• NDT level II individual memiliki kemampuan
pengembangan, kualifikasi dan approving prosedur. NDT
level II mampu membuat dan menyetujui teknik,
interpreting code, standard, spesifikasi dan prosedur serta
penentuan metode NDT. NDT Level II bertanggung jawab
dan supervisi terhadap NDT level I
• NDT Level III individual memiliki latarbelakang praktikal
terhadap material, fabrikasi dan teknologi produk untuk
membuat teknik dan acceptance criteria. NDT level III
memiliki pengetahuan terhadap beberapa metode NDT.
NDT Level III bertanggung jawab dan supervisi terhadap
NDT level II dan I. NDT level III memiliki kemampuan
training dan examining NDT level I dan II untuk sertifikasi
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • NDT level II individuals have the ability to develop, qualify and approving
procedures. NDT level II is able to make and approve techniques, interpreting codes,
standards, specifications and procedures and determine NDT methods. NDT Level II
is responsible for and supervision of NDT level I
● • NDT Level III individuals have a practical background on material, fabrication and
product technology to create techniques and acceptance criteria. NDT level III has
knowledge of several NDT methods. NDT Level III is responsible for and supervision
of NDT level II and I. NDT level III has the ability of NDT level I and II training and
examining for certification
• Pustaka panduan untuk pelatihan (training course) personil
NDT level I, II dan II dapat menggunakan ANSI/ASNT CP-105
• NDT level III memiliki syarat lulusan dari minimum empat tahun
kurikulum diploma atau universitas dengan degree teknik atau
sains serta satu tahun pengalaman di luar level II. Atau,
seseorang yang telah lulus passing grade sekurang-kurangnya
dua tahun di bidang studi teknik atau sains di universitas,
diploma atau sekolah teknik serta dua tahun pengalaman di
luar level II. Atau, seseorang yang memiliki pengalaman empat
tahun di luar level II
• Untuk personil level I dan II, Grade komposit ditentukan dari
hasil rata-rata ujian general, specific dan practical
• Untuk personil level III, grade komposit ditentukan dari rata-
rata hasil ujian basic dan method. Ujian specific merupakan
tanggungjawab employer (pengguna)
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Reference libraries for training courses for NDT level I, II and II personnel can use
ANSI / ASNT CP-105
● • Level III NDT has a minimum graduation requirement of four years of diploma or
university curriculum with an engineering or science degree and one year of
experience outside level II. Or, someone who has passed a passing grade for at least
two years in the field of engineering or science studies at a university, diploma or
technical school as well as two years of experience outside level II. Or, someone who
has four years of experience outside level II
● • For level I and II personnel, the composite grade is determined from the average
results of general, specific and practical examinations
● • For level III personnel, the composite grade is determined from the average of basic
and method test results. Specific exams are the responsibility of the employer (user)
• Grade komposit memiliki nilai sekurang-kurangnya 80
persen dengan tanpa passing grade individual kurang dari
70 persen
• Ujian penglihatan untuk personil NDT. Ujian near-vision
dilakukan untuk penglihatan jarak pendek oleh
penglihatan natural atau terkoreksi pada sekurang-
kurangnya satu mata. Penglihatan aplikan mampu
membaca minimum Nomor Jaeger 2 atau ekivalen tipe
dan ukuran huruf dengan jarak tidak kurang dari 12 in
(30.5 cm) pada standar Jaeger test chart. Hal ini
dilakukan setiap tahun
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Composite grades have a value of at least 80 percent with no individual passing

grade of less than 70 percent
● • Vision test for NDT personnel. The near-vision test is performed for short range
vision by natural vision or is corrected in at least one eye. The applicant's vision is
able to read a minimum of Jaeger Number 2 or equivalent type and size of letters
with a distance of not less than 12 in (30.5 cm) on the standard Jaeger test chart.
This is done every year
• Pembedaan kontras warna. Ujian aplikan menunjukkan
kemampuan membedakan kontras warna atau bayangan
kelabu. Hal ini dilakukan pada inisial sertifikasi dan
interval lima tahunan
• Ujian General mencakup prinsip dasar metode NDT
• Ujian specific mencakup peralatan, prosedur operasional,
teknik NDT, spesifikasi kode, kriteria penerimaan
• Ujian practical mencakup operasional peralatan NDT,
pendataan, analisis hasil data. Ujian dilakukan terhadap
sepuluh checkpoint
• Ujian NDT/PdM level III terdiri dari basic, method dan
specific
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Color contrast differences. The application test shows the ability to distinguish color
contrast or shades of gray. This is done at the initial certification and at five-year
intervals
● • The General Examination covers the basic principles of the NDT method
● • Specific exams include equipment, operational procedures,
● NDT techniques, code specifications, acceptance criteria
● • The practical test covers the operation of NDT equipment, data collection, data
analysis results. The test is carried out on ten checkpoints
● • Level III NDT / PdM exams consist of basic, method and specific
• Ujian basic general Level III mencakup pengetahuan
SNT-TC-1A, ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, program ASNT Level
III, metode NDT, material, fabrikasi, teknologi produk
• Ujian basic PdM mencakup pengetahuan SNT-TC-1A,
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, program ASNT Level III, metode
PdM, machinery
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Ujian basic general Level III mencakup pengetahuan SNT-TC-1A, ANSI/ASNT-CP-

189, program ASNT Level III, metode NDT, material, fabrikasi, teknologi produk
● • Ujian basic PdM mencakup pengetahuan SNT-TC-1A, ANSI/ASNT-CP-189,
program ASNT Level III, metode PdM, machinery
• Reexamination dilakukan untuk aplikan yang tidak
memenuhi grade. Hal ini dilakukan setelah tiga puluh hari
atau menerima pelatihan tambahan oleh NDT Level III
• Catatan sertifikat personil mencakup nama, level
sertifikasi, metode NDT, edukasi, pengalaman,
pernyataan kepuasan, hasil ujian penglihatan, bukti ujian,
bukti kualifikasi, grade komposit, tandatangan Level III,
tanggal sertifikat tanggal kadaluarsa sertifikat,
tandatangan authority
 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
TESTING WITHOUT DAMAGE

● • Reexamination is done for applications that do not meet the grade. This is done
after thirty days or receive additional training by NDT Level III
● • Personnel certificate records include name, certification level, NDT method,
education, experience, satisfaction statement, vision test results, proof of
examination, proof of qualification, composite grade, Level III signature, certificate
date of certificate expiry date, signature authority
CONTOH SOALASNT-TC-1A
• Metode pengujian Eddy Current
• Level I
• Impedansi kumparan pengujian eddy current meningkat jika:
• a. frekuensi pengujian meningkat
• b. reaktansi induktif kumparan menurun
• c. induktansi kumparan menurun
• d. tahanan kumparan menurun

• Level II
• Faktor pengisian ketika bar berdiameter 1,26 cm (0,5 in) dimasukkan ke kumparan
berdiameter 2,54 cm (1 in) adalah:
• a. 0,5 (50 persen)
• b. 0,75 (75 persen)
• c. 1,0 (100 persen)
• d. 0,25 (25 persen)
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

● • Eddy Current testing method

● • Level I
● • The impedance of the eddy current testing coil increases if:
● • a. testing frequency increases
● • b. the inductive reactance of the coil decreases
● • c. coil inductance decreases
● • d. coil resistance decreases
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

● • Level II
● • The fill factor when a 1.26 cm (0.5 in) diameter bar is inserted
● to 2.54 cm (1 in) diameter coils are:
● • a. 0.5 (50 percent)
● • b. 0.75 (75 percent)
● • c. 1.0 (100 percent)
● • d. 0.25 (25 percent)
• Jawaban :
• Level I : d
• Level II : d
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Answer:
• Level I: d
• Level II: d
• Metode inspeksi liquid penetrant
• Level I
• Yang manakah secara umum metode untuk pembersihan komponen
sebelum pengujian penetran?:
• a. sand blasting
• b. wire brushing
• c grinding
• d. vapor degreasing

• Level II
• Ketika melakukan tes penetran, indikasi sperikal pada permukaan
komponen dapat berupa indikasi:
• a. fatigue cracks
• b. porosity
• c. weld laps
• d. hot tears
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Liquid penetrant inspection method

• Level I
• Which are the most common methods for component cleaning before penetrant testing
?:
• a. sand blasting
• b. wire brushing
• c grinding
• d. vapor degreasing
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Level II
• When carrying out a penetrant test, the sperical indication is on the surface
components can be indicative:
• a. fatigue cracks
• b. porosity
• c. weld laps
• d. hot tears
• Jawaban :
• Level I : d
• Level II : b
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Answer:
• Level I: d
• Level II: b
• Metode inspeksi partikel magnetik
• Level I
• Yang manakah tipe arus memiliki efek skin?:
• a. alternating current
• b. direct current
• c. half-wave rectified
• d. full-wave rectified

• Level II
• Ketika pengujian bar dengan rasio L/D 4 pada koil 10 turn, arus yang
dibutuhkan adalah:
• a. 45.000 A
• b. tidak diketahui; informasi tambahan dibutuhkan ;
• c. 18.000 A
• d. 1125 A
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Magnetic particle inspection method

• Level I
• Which type of current has a skin effect ?:
• a. alternating current
• b. direct current
• c. half-wave rectified
• d. full-wave rectified
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Level II
• When testing a bar with a 4 L / D ratio on a 10 turn coil, the current is
needed is:
• a. 45,000 A
• b. unknown; additional information needed;
• c. 18,000 A
• d.1125A
• Jawaban :
• Level I : a
• Level II : d
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Answer:
• Level I: a
• Level II: d
• Metode pengujian radiografi
• Level I
• Unit yang banyak digunakan untuk pengukuran ukuran laju output
kerusakan sumber sinar gamma adalah:
• a. curie
• b. roentgen
• c. half-life
• d. MeV

• Level II
• Ketika menguji radiografi level kualitas 2-2T, sebuah ASTM
penetrameter untuk baja 6,35 cm (2,5 in) memiliki ketebalan:
• a. 1,27 cm (0.5 in)
• b. 63,5 m (2,5 x 10-3 in)
• c. 127 m (5 x 10-3 in)
• d. 1270 m (5 x 10-2 in)
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Radiographic testing method

• Level I
• The most widely used units for measuring the output rate of damage to gamma ray
sources are:
• a. curie
• b. roentgen
• c. half-life
• d. MeV
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Level II
• When testing radiographs of 2-2T quality level, an ASTM
penetrameter for steel 6.35 cm (2.5 in) thick:
• a. 1.27 cm (0.5 in)
• b. 63.5 um (2.5 x 10-3 in)
• c.127 um (5x10-3 in)
• d.1270 um (5x10-2 in)
• Jawaban :
• Level I : a
• Level II : d
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Answer:
• Level I: a
• Level II: d
• Metode pengujian ultrasonic
• Level I
• Jumlah beam divergence dari elemen transducer utamanya bergantung
pada:
• a. tipe pengujian
• b. keketatan backing elemen transducer
• c. ukuran frekuensi dan elemen transducer
• d. refraksi

• Level II
• Jika transducer kontak beam-sudut menghasilkan gelombang shear 45
derajat pada baja (vs=0,323 cm/s), sudut yang dihasilkan oleh
transducer yang sama pada aluminum (vs=0,310 cm/s) adalah:
• a. kurang dari 45 derajat
• b. lebih besar dari 45 derajat
• c. 45 derajat
• d. informasi tambahan dibutuhkan
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Ultrasonic testing method

• Level I
• The number of beam divergences from the main transducer element depends on:
• a. type of testing
• b. the tightness of the backing of the transducer element
• c. size of frequency and transducer element
• d. refraction
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Level II
• If the beam-angle contact transducer produces a 45 degree shear wave in steel (vs =
0.323 cm / s), the angle produced by the same transducer in aluminum (vs = 0.310 cm /
s) is:
• a. less than 45 degrees
• b. greater than 45 degrees
• c. 45 degree
• d. additional information needed
• Jawaban :
• Level I : c
• Level II : a
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Answer:
• Level I: c
• Level II: a
• Metode pengujian visual
• Level I
• Yang manakah yang benar?:
• a. semua diskontinuitas adalah cacat
• b. cacat yang mempengaruhi kegunaan produk disebut diskontinuitas
• c. diskontinuitas yang mempengaruhi kegunaan produk disebut cacat
• d. semua diskontinuitas tidak dapat diterima

• Level II
• Magnifier tangan termasuk pada kisaran?:
• a. 2x s.d. 4x
• b. 5x s.d. 10x
• c. 10x s.d. 20x
• d. 20x s.d. 30x
 EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Visual testing methods

• Level I
• Which is correct ?:
• a. all discontinuities are defective
• b. defects that affect product use are called discontinuities • c. discontinuities that affect
product use are called defects • d. all discontinuities cannot be accepted
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Level II
• Hand magnifier included in the range ?:
• a. 2x to 4x
• b. 5x to 10x
• c. 10x to 20x
• d. 20x 30x
• Jawaban :
• Level I : c
• Level II : b
EXAMPLE PROBLEM ASNT-TC-1A

• Answer:
• Level I: c
• Level II: b
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