Pendahuluan
• Dimulai pada tahun 1970
• KTG tersebar luas, digunakan secara umum
• Aplikasinya, kemudahan penggunaan
• Dikembangkan dengan harapan ↓ insidens
cerebral palsy hingga 50%
• Saat ini, KTG merupakan standar dalam
pelayanan ante-intrapartum
Sumber: Royal College of Obstetrician And Gynaecologist.The Use of electronic fetal monitoring:the use and interpretation
of cardiotocography in intrapartum fetal surveillance
CARA PEMANTAUAN KTG
INTERNAL
• Kateter intra uterin
• Lebih obyektif
• Hanya pada persalinan
EKSTERNAL
• Dinding abdomen
• Kurang obyektif
Frekuensi Dasar DJJ
• Hipoksia / asidosis
• Obat-obatan: CNS depressants, parasympatholytic
• Bayi tidur
• Anomali kongetnital
• Prematuritas
• Kelainan neurologis abnormal
• Deselerasi Dini
• Deselerasi Lambat
• Deselerasi Variabel
• Berbentuk uniform.
FHR Deceleration
Chemoreceptor Stimulus
Baroreceptor Stimulus
Parasympathetic Response
• Oligohydramnios
• Descent
• Cord prolapse
FHR Deceleration
• DJJ 60 dpm di
bawah frekuensi dasar
• Deselerasi mencapai 60
dpm
• Lamanya deselerasi
60 detik
Prolonged Decelerations
• Isolated decelerations lasting > 2 minutes
4 0
3,5 – 4 8
3,0 – 3,5 29
2,5 – 3 33
< 2,5 72
RCOG
ACOG
Category I: NORMAL
• FHR tracings include ALL of the following:
– Baseline rate: 110–160 beats per minute (bpm)
– Baseline FHR variability: moderate
– Late or variable decelerations: absent
– Early decelerations: present or absent
– Accelerations: present or absent
• Strongly predictive of normal acid-base status
at time of observation.
• Routine care; no specific action required
41
Category III: ABNORMAL
• FHR tracings include EITHER of the ff:
– Absent baseline FHR variability and any of the ff:
• Recurrent late decelerations
• Recurrent variable decelerations
• Bradycardia
– Sinusoidal pattern
Category II: INDETERMINATE
• includes all FHR tracings NOT categorized as
Category I or III.
• tracings may represent an appreciable fraction
of those encountered in clinical care.
• NOT predictive of either normal or abnormal
fetal acid-base status.
• requires continued surveillance and re-
evaluation- second recommendation is
incomplete
• The 3-tier system based on visual recognition
of CTG patterns was adopted b y the AOFOG’s
Committee on Maternal and Perinatal Health
during a workshop held in Miyazaki, Japan
(February 2009).
GREEN No - - - - -
R
Y
Terima Kasih
NON STRESS TEST
(NST)
TES TANPA BEBAN (NST)
• NST Meragukan
NST REASSURING / REAKTIF
• Gerak janin minimal 4 kali dalam 20 menit,
akselerasi 10 – 15 dpm
• Variabilitas : 5 - 10 dpm
CONTRACTION STRESS TEST
( CST )
CST
• Gambaran DJJ dalam hubungan dengan
kontraksi uterus atau inpartu
1. Negative
2. Positive
3. Equivocal Test Results
- Suspicious
- Hyperstimulation
- Unsatisfactory
CST NEGATIF
• Takikardia
• HAP
• sinoatrial node
• Symphatic system
• Parasymphatic system
• Baroreseptor
• Chemoreseptor
• CNS
• Complex system
Mechanism of FHR Regulation
SSA : PS dan S nodus sino-atrial