Belum
Tajuk Tarikh Menguasai Masalah saya
menguasai
BAB 2: STRUKTUR ATOM
Jirim
Struktur atom
Isotop
Struktur elektronik
atom
BAB 3: FORMULA KIMIA DAN PERSAMAAN
JAR dan JMR
Formula kimia
Persamaan kimia
Unsur kumpulan 18
Unsur kumpulan 1
Unsur kumpulan 17
Unsur-unsur peralihan
BAB 5: IKATAN KIMIA
Pembentukan sebatian
Ikatan ion
Ikatan kovalen
Sifat-sifat sebatian ion
dan kovalen
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Belum
Tajuk Tarikh Menguasai Masalah saya
menguasai
BAB 6: ELEKTOKIMIA
Elektrolit dan bukan
elektrolit
Elektrolisis sebatian
lebur
Elektrolisis larutan
akueus
Elektrolisis dalam
industri
Elektrolisis dalam
industri
Sel kimia
Siri elektrokimia
BAB 7: ASID DAN BES
Asid dan bes
Peneutralan
BAB 8: GARAM
Penyediaan garam
Analisis kualitatif
garam
BAB 9: BAHAN BUATAN DALAM INDUSTRI
Asid sulfurik
Ammonia
Aloi
Polimer sintetik
Kaca dan seramik
Bahan komposit
BAB 10: KADAR TINDAK BALAS
Kadar tindak balas
Penghitungan kadar
tindak balas
Faktor tindak balas
Teori perlanggaran
Belum
Tajuk Tarikh Menguasai Masalah saya
menguasai
BAB 11: SEBATIAN KARBON
Sabatian karbon
Alkana
Alkena
Isomerisme
Alkohol
Asid karboksilik
Ester
Lemak
Getah asli
BAB 12: PENGOKSIDAAN DAN PENURUNAN
Pengoksidaan dan
penurunan
Redoks dalam tindak
balas penyesaran
Pengaratan sebagai
tindak balas redoks
Tindak balas redoks
dalam sel elektrolisis
dan sel kimia
Pemindahan elektron
pada suatu jarak
Siri kereaktifan logam
BAB 13: TERMOKIMIA
Perubahan tenaga
dalam tindak balas
kimia
Haba pemendakan
Haba penyesaran
Haba peneutralan
Haba pembakaran
BAB 14: BAHAN KIMIA UNTUK PENGGUNA
Bahan tambah
makanan
Ubat
Process I
Proses I
P Q
Diagram/Rajah 1
Table 1.1 shows the temperature of the compound during process I.
Time
Masa 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
(min)
Temperature
Suhu 82 80 78 75 75 75 75 75 73 71
(oC)
Table/ Jadual 1.1
Namakan proses I
Jelaskan mengapa suhu tidak berubah dari 1.5 minit ke 3.5 minit.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(b) Table 1.2 shows the melting point and boiling point of a compound M.
Jadual 1.2 menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bagi sebatian M.
[2 marks / 2 markah]
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(ii) Compare the particles of compound M at 800C to those at 2800C in terms of the
arrangement of particles, the movement of particles, the forces of attraction
between particles and kinetic energy of particles.
Bandingkan zarah-zarah bagi sebatian M pada suhu 800C dan pada suhu
2800C dari segi susunan zarah, pergerakan zarah, daya tarikan antara zarah
dan tenaga kinetic zarah.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
2 A housewife wants to boil water in an electric kettle that was purchased a year ago.
She found that the time taken to boil the water is longer than the time she first bought
the kettle.
Seorang suri rumah ingin memasak air di dalam cerek elektrik yang telah dibeli
setahun lalu. Dia mendapati masa yang diambil untuk memasak air tersebut lebih
lama berbanding pada masa mula-mula dia membeli cerek tersebut.
Scale
Kerak
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
Carbon 39.9%
Karbon 39.9%
Hydrogen 6.7%
Hidrogen 6.7%
Oxygen 53.4%
Oksigen 53.4%
[6 marks / 6 markah]
(b) Based on your answer in (a)(i) dan (a)(ii), compare and contrast empirical formula with
molecular formula for acid X.
Berdasarkan kepada jawapan anda di (a)(i) dan (a)(ii), banding dan bezakan formula
empirik dan formula molekul bagi asid X.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(c) (i) State the name of reactants and products when acid X is added to solid calcium
carbonate.
Nyatakan nama bahan-bahan tindak balas dan hasil-hasil tindak balas apabila
asid X ditambahkan kepada pepejal kalsium karbonat.
[5 marks / 5 markah]
Diagram 2.2
Rajah 2.2
Fertiliser plays important role for the growth of plants.There are a few types of
fertilisers in market.
By using your knowledge in chemistry, help the farmer to determine the best
fertiliser among the following :
Urea , (NH2)2CO
Urea
[Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, S = 32]
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
State the reason the balloons explode. Name the suitable gas to replace the
hydrogen gas and explain your answer.
Nyatakan sebab belon tersebut meletup. Namakan gas yang sesuai untuk
menggantikan gas hidrogen dan terangkan jawapan anda.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(b) Table 3.1 shows the observation when iron reacts with chlorine and bromine
gases.
Jadual 3.1 menunjukkan pemerhatian apabila besi bertindak balas dengan gas
klorin dan gas bromin.
Table 3.1
Jadual 3.1
[6 marks / 6 markah]
Table 3.2
Jadual 3.2
By using all the metals in Table 10.2, describe an experiment to investigate the
reactions of the metals with water. In your answer include:
Procedure
Observation
One of chemical equation involved
2-
2+
E O O C O
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
(b) Explain the formation of compounds P and Q. State the types of chemical bond
in each compound.
Terangkan pembentukkan sebatian P dan Q. Nyatakan jenis ikatan kimia dalam
setiap sebatian.
melting point
electrical conductivity
takat lebur
kekonduksian elektrik.
[8 marks / 8 markah]
5 (a) A group of students were given a task by their teacher to carry out an experiment
to determine the electrical conductivity of three substances A, B and C. Results
of the experiment are shown in Diagram 5.1
(b) The same group of students were then given the second task by their teacher to
conduct an electrolysis by using a white solid as shown in Diagram 5.2. The
white solid is an ionic compound.
Kumpulan pelajar yang sama telah diberikan tugasan yang kedua oleh guru
mereka untuk menjalankan elektrolisis menggunakan pepejal putih seperti yang
ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.2. Pepejal putih tersebut adalah sebatian ionik.
(i) What is the first step should be done to enable the substance act as an
electrolyte?
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus set up that you can use to
electrolyse the substance in b(i).
Lukis satu rajah susunan radas berlabel yang anda dapat gunakan untuk
mengelektrolisis bahan di b(i).
[2 marks / 2 markah]
(iii) By using your answer in b (ii), describe how to carry out an experiment in
laboratory for the electrolysis of the subtance.
Concentration
Type of alkali pH value
Kepekatan
Jenis alkali nilai pH
(mol dm-3)
A 0.1 13
B 0.1 9
(a) Give one example of each alkali, explain why the pH value of each alkalis are
different
Berikan satu contoh bagi setiap alkali, terangkan kenapa nilai pH kedua-dua
alkali tersebut berbeza.
[6 marks / 6 markah]
(b) Table 6.2 shows the observation of two solutions of hydrogen chloride in
solvent X and solvent Y when tested with dry blue litmus paper.
Solution Observation
Larutan Pemerhatian
Hydrogen chloride in solvent X The dry blue litmus paper turns red
Hidrogen klorida dalam pelarut X Kertas litmus biru kering bertukar merah
Hydrogen chloride in solvent Y No changes
Hidrogen klorida dalam pelarut Y Tiada perubahan
Table 6.2
Jadual 6.2
(i) Name one possible substance that can be solvent X and solvent Y
respectively.
Namakan satu bahan yang mungkin bagi pelarut X dan pelarut Y
masing-masing.
[2 marks / 2 markah]
(ii) Explain the observation in (b)
Terangkan pemerhatian di (b)
[4 marks / 4 markah]
(c) A students wants to prepare 500 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
from 2.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid in the science laboratory.
Describe how this preparation can be carried out.
Seorang pelajar hendak menyediakan 500 cm3 0.1 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik
daripada 2.0 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik.
Huraikan bagaimana penyediaan ini boleh dijalankan di dalam makmal
sains.
[6 marks / 6 markah]
(d) A farmer discovered that most of his plants cannot grow well because acid
rain increases the acidity of the soil. As a chemistry student, suggest one
chemical that can be used to overcome this situation. Give a reason for your
suggestion.
[2 marks / 2 markah ]
Table 7
Jadual 7
Based on Table 7,
Berdasarkan Jadual 7,
(i) one day, a factory accidently flowed the waste water industry into a river
and this cause the river water cloudy, suggest another cation and another
in the waste water that cause the river water cloudy. Explain your answer
and write ionic equation involved.
suatu hari, sebuah kilang secara tidak sengaja membebaskan air buangan
industri ke dalam sebuah sungai dan ini menyebabkan air sungai itu keruh,
cadangkan satu kation lain dan satu anion lain yang terdapat dalam air
buangan yang menyebabkan air sungai itu keruh. Terangkan jawapan anda
dan tulis persamaan ion yang terlibat.
[6 marks / 6 markah]
(ii) Identify two ions in river water that can cause cleaning clothes using soap
produce scum. By using a named chemical substance, describe a laboratory
experiment how one of the ion can be eliminate from river water. Include in
your answer the type of reaction and product formed.
Kenal pasti dua ion dalam air sungai yang boleh menyebabkan pencucian
pakaian guna sabun menghasilkan kekat. Dengan menggunakan bahan kimia
yang dinamakan, huraikan satu eksperimen makmal bagaimana salah satu
ion itu boleh disingkirkan dari air sungai.Sertakan dalam jawapan anda jenis
tindak balas dan hasil yang terbentuk
[10 marks / 10 markah]
(b) Diagram 7 shows zinc oxide powder is added with two difference acids to
produce salt J and salt L
Rajah 7 menunjukkan serbuk zink oksida ditambah dengan dua asid yang
berbeza untuk menghasilkan garam J dan garam L.
Salt J Salt L
Garam J Garam L
Zinc oxide
Zink oksida
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
Briefly describe a chemical test to verify anion present in salt J and salt L.
Secara ringkas huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk mengesahkan anion dalam garam
J dan garam L.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
8. A student carried out three experiments to study the factors affecting the rate of reaction.
All three experiments were conducted at room temperature. Table 8 shows the results of
the experiments.
I
80
II
50
III
25
Table 8 / Jadual 8
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(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric
acid.
Calculate the maximum volume of gas produced for every experiment.
[Relative atomic mass: Zn = 65; One mole of any gas occupies a volume of 24 dm3
at room conditions]
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas antara zink dan asid
hidroklorik. Hitung isi padu maksimum bagi gas yang dihasilkan untuk setiap
eksperimen.
[Jisim atom relatif: Zn = 65; Satu mol sebarang gas menempati isi padu 24 dm3
pada keadaan bilik]
[5 marks / 5 markah]
(b) Sketch the graphs of the volume of gas collected against time for Experiments I, II
and III on the same axes.
Lakarkan graf bagi isi padu gas yang terkumpul melawan masa bagi Eksperimen I,
II dan III pada paksi yang sama.
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(c) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiments I, II and III in cm3 s-1.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I, II dan III dalam cm3 s-1.
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(d) Compare the rates of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II, and
between Experiment II and Experiment III.
Explain your comparisons with reference to the Collision Theory.
Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II, dan antara
Eksperimen II dan Eksperimen III.
Terangkan perbandingan anda dengan merujuk kepada Teori Perlanggaran.
[9 marks / 9 markah]
9 (a) Diagram 9.1 shows the structural formula of compound Q as one of the substances
added to aromatic candle. After 5 minutes the candles are lighted up, the
surrounding area is filled with apple smell.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi sebatian Q sebagai salah satu bahan
yang ditambah dalam lilin aromatik. Selepas 5 minit lilin-lilin tersebut dinyalakan,
kawasan persekitaran dipenuhi dengan bau epal.
Aromatic candle
Lilin aromatik H H H O H
| | | ║ |
H—C—C—C—C—O—C—H
| | | |
H H H H
Compound Q / Sebatian Q
Diagram 9.1 / Rajah 9.1
(i) Based on diagram 9.1, state the homologous series and name of compound Q.
What is the physical properties of compound Q which causes the odour of
compound Q easily filled the surrounding area when the candles are lighted up.
Give a reason to your answer.
Berdasarkan rajah 9.1, nyatakan siri homolog dan nama sebatian Q. Apakah
sifat fizik sebatian Q yang menyebabkan bau sebatian Q mudah memenuhi
ruangan persekitaran apabila lilin dinyalakan. Berikan satu sebab kepada
jawapan anda.
[4 mark / 4 markah]
(ii) Mr. Adam found that compound Q can be prepared using alcohol X and
carboxylic acid Y. Suggest alcohol X and carboxylic acid Y. Then write the
chemical equation for the reaction to prepare compound Q. Calculate the mass
of compound Q formed when Mr. Adam used 2 g of alcohol X to reacts with
carboxylic acid Y.
[Relative atomic mass : H= 1 ;C = 12; O = 16]
(b) Diagram 9.2 shows the flow chart of a situation when latex collected from the rubber
tree is used to produce type A rubber and type B rubber in laboratory.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan carta alir situasi apabila lateks yang diambil daripada pokok
getah digunakan untuk menghasilkan getah jenis A dan getah jenis B.
Bring to
chemistry Uses
laboratory Process II
Proses II Kegunaan
Di bawa ke
makmal kimia
Type A rubber strip Gloves
Jalur getah jenis A Sarung tangan
Process I
Proses I Soaked in disulphur dichloride in
Latex from methylbenzene
Latex at rubber tree Process III Direndam dalam disulfur
rubber tree Lateks dari Proses III diklorida dalam metilbenzena
Lateks di pokok getah
pokok getah
Uses
Kegunaan
(i) suggest a substance that should be added in Process I to ensure the latex remains
as liquid form until it is taken to the chemistry laboratory. State the name of type A
rubber and type B rubber.
cadangkan satu bahan yang perlu ditambah dalam Proses I bagi memastikan lateks
dapat dikekalkan dalam keadaan cecair sehingga dibawa ke makmal kimia.
Nyatakan nama bagi getah jenis A dan getah jenis B.
(ii) compare type A rubber and type B rubber in terms of hardness, elasticity,
resistance to heat and resistance to oxidation. Explain why type B rubber is more
suitable to make tyre compare to type A rubber.
bandingkan sifat fizik getah jenis A dan jenis B dari segi kekerasan, kekenyalan,
kesan terhadap haba dan kesan terhadap pengoksidaan. Terangkan mengapa
getah jenis B lebih sesuai untuk membuat tayar kereta berbanding getah jenis A.
10 (a) Diagram 10.1 shows the apparatus set-up and observations for displacement reaction
between copper(II) sulphate solution and metal R strip.
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan susunan radas dan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas penyesaran
di antara larutan kuprum(II) sulfat dan kepingan logam R.
Metal R
Logam R
Colourless
solution
Larutan
tidak berwarna
Blue colour
solution Brown deposit
Larutan Enapan perang
berwarna biru
Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1
(ii) States the change in oxidation number for both reactants and the role of each
reactant in the redox reaction
[4 marks/4 markah]
(c) Diagram 10.2 shows how to protect the underground iron pipe from rusting.
Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan bagaimana cara untuk melindungi paip besi di bawah tanah
daripada berkarat.
Ground surface
Wet soil Permukaan bumi
Tanah lembap Connecting wire
Wayar penyambung
Iron pipe
Paip besi
Bag containing
magnesium metal
Beg yang
mengandungi
logam magnesium
Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.2
Iron is easy to rust when exposed to air and water without protection. By using other than
magnesium, suggest a suitable metal that can replace magnesium to protect iron from
rusting.
Describe an experiment in the laboratory to study the effect of the metal on the rusting of
iron. Your description should include the,
procedure
observations
half equation for the oxidation of the metals
conclusion for the effect of the metal on the rusting of iron.
Besi mudah berkarat apabila terdedah kepada udara dan air tanpa pelindungan.
Dengan menggunakan logam selain magnesium, cadangkan satu logam yang sesuai
yang boleh digunakan bagi menggantikan magnesium untuk melindungi besi daripada
berkarat.
Huraikan satu eksperimen yang dapat dijalankan di dalam makmal untuk mengkaji kesan
logam tersebut terhadap pengaratan besi. Huraian anda haruslah mengandungi,
prosedur,
pemerhatian,
setengah persamaan bagi pengoksidaan logam
kesimpulan kesan logam tersebut terhadap pengaratan besi.
Table 11
Jadual 11
(ii) Explain the difference of the heat of neutralization for the reactions in
Experiment 1 and Experiment 2.
[3 marks / 3 markah]
(c) You are provided with 1.0 mol dm-3 of silver nitrate solution and magnesium
powder. Describe one experiment to determine the heat of displacement of
silver by magnesium.
Your answer should consist of the following:
Procedure of the experiment
The method to calculate the heat of displacement
Anda di bekalkan dengan 1.0 mol dm-3 larutan argentum nitrat dan serbuk
magnesium. Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan haba penyesaran
argentum oleh magnesium.
Jawapan anda perlu mengandungi perkara berikut :
Prosedur eksperimen
Kaedah untuk menghitung haba penyesaran.
[8 marks / 8 markah]
12 (a) Diagram 12.1 shows conversation between four friends about the medicine they
received from the same clinic.
Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan perbualan empat orang rakan mengenai ubat yang
diterima dari klinik yang sama.
Ramli : Last week I had a sprained Hamid: I have been coughing for three days.
ankle. Doctor gave me medicine K Doctor gave me medicine L and ask me to
to relief my pain. take the full course of medicine that is
Ramli: Minggu lepas kaki saya prescribed to me.
terseliuh.. Doktor beri saya ubat K Hamid: Saya telah batuk selama tiga hari.
untuk meredakan sakit. Doktor beri saya ubat L dan minta saya
habiskan ubat yang diberi mengikut dos yang
ditetapkan.
I think the doctor had
prescribed different type
of medicine to all of you.
Saya rasa doktor telah
beri jenis ubat yang
berlainan kepada kamu Amin’s daughter looked sad
semua. and depressed. Doctor gave
her medicine M
Anak Amin kelihatan sedih
dan murung. Doktor beri dia
ubat M.
Diagram 12.1
Rajah 12.1
Based on Diagram 12.1, identify the type of medicines K, L and M. Suggest one
example of medicine received by Ramli, Hamid and Amin’s daughter.
Berdasarkan Rajah 12.1, kenal pasti jenis ubat K, L dan M. Cadangkan satu contoh
ubat yang diterima oleh Ramli, Hamid dan anak perempuan Amin.
[6 marks / 6 markah]
(b) Diagram 12.2 shows the information for two types of plastic that is widely used in
daily life.
Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan maklumat-maklumat bagi dua jenis plastik yang digunakan
secara meluas dalam kehidupan seharian. .
Plastic A Plastic B
Plastik A Plastik B
Difficult to be decomposed by
Can easily be decomposed by microorganism
microorganism Sukar diurai oleh mikroorganisma
Mudah diurai oleh mikroorganisma
Diagram 12.2
Rajah 12.2
Choose which plastic that can cause an environmental pollution and explain your
answer. Suggest a way to overcome the pollution issue.
Pilih plastik yang manakah boleh menyebabkan pencemaran alam sekitar dan
terangkan jawapan anda. Cadangkan satu cara untuk mengatasi isu pencemaran
itu.
[4 marks / 4 markah]
Fertilizer R Fertilizer S
Baja R Baja S
Diagram 12.3
Rajah 12.3
Berdasarkan Rajah 12.3, kenal pasti Bahan P, Bahan Q, Baja R dan Baja S.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi pembentukan Baja R atau Baja S.
[ 6 marks / 6 markah]
(ii) Between Fertilizer R and Fertilizer S, which fertilizer is more suitable to be used
to increase the fertility of soil. Explain why?
[Relative atomic mass : H=1; N =14; O=16; S=32]
Antara Baja R dan Baja S, baja yang manakah lebih sesuai digunakan untuk
meningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Terangkan mengapa?
[Jisim atom relatif : H=1; N =14; O=16; S=32]
[ 4 marks / 4 markah]
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