Geo.3.5/4.5/2/1.

LITOSFER
1. Identitas

a. Nama Mata Pelajaran : Geografi

b. Semester : 2 (Dua)
c. Kompetensi Dasar

3.5. Menganalisis dinamika litosfer dan dampaknya terhadap

kehidupan
4.5. Menyajikan proses dinamika litosfer dengan menggunakan peta,
bagan, gambar, tabel, grafik, video, dan/atau animasi

d. Materi Pokok : Dinamika Litosfer

e. Alokasi Waktu : 3 JP X 6
f. Tujuan Pembelajaran:

Melalui pendekatan saintifik dengan menggunakan model

pembelajaran Discovery Learning, kalian dapat menganalisis dinamika
litosfer dan dampaknya terhadap kehidupan, trampil dan menyajikan
proses dinamika litosfer dengan menggunakan peta, bagan, gambar,
tabel, grafik, video, dan/atau animasi dengan mengembangkan sikap
religiusitas, penuh tanggung jawab, bekerja keras, serta dapat
mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, kreativitas, kolaborasi,
komunikasi.

g. Materi Pembelajaran

Untuk menambah wawasan kalian dalam materi Litosfer silahkan membaca

Buku Teks Pelajaran (BTP) berikut :
 Yasinto Sindhu P. 2016. Geografi untuk SMA/MA Kelas X. Jakarta:
Erlangga, hal : 172-204

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Petunjuk Umum

1. Pastikan dan fokuskan apa yang akan anda

pelajari hari ini.
2. Baca dan pahami Pendahuluan (Apersepsi)
untuk membantu anda memfokuskan
permasalahan yang akan dipelajari.
3. Cari referensi/buku-buku teks yang terkait
dengan topik/permasalahan yang anda hadapi.
4. Jangan lupa browsing internet untuk menda-
patkan pengetahuan yang up to date.
5. Selalu diskusikan setiap persoalan yang ada
dengan teman-teman dan atau guru.
6. Presentasikan hasil pemahaman anda agar
bermanfaat bagi orang lain.

Jika tahapan-tahapan telah kalian lewati, kalian boleh meminta tes

formatif kepada Bp/Ibu guru sebagai prasyarat untuk melanjutkan ke
UKBM berikutnya. Oke.?!

h. Kegiatan Pembelajaran

a) Pendahuluan
Sebelum belajar pada materi ini silahkan kalian melihat dan
memahami video di bawah ini.

“ Detik – Detik Tsunami Aceh ”

( sumber : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbvsjLbBFYQ )

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b) Peta Konsep

karakteristik lapisan bumi

 
patahan
 
   
proses tektonisme dan  
lipatan
pengaruhnya bagi kehidupan

  bagian-bagian
  gunung api
 
 
jenis gunung api
 
Vulkanisme dan pengaruhnya bagi    
kehidupan   dampak
  vulkanisme
 
 

Dinamika pengaruh gempa

Litosfer dan Seisme bumi terhadap
     
Dampaknya kehidupan
Terhadap  
Kehidupan  
Tsunami
 
 

 
Pelapukan
 
 
   
Tenaga eksogen Erosi
 
 
  Sedimentasi

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Pembentukan dan Persebaran jenis

tanah

Pemanfaatan dan Konservasi Tanah

Lembaga yang menyediakan data

geologi

2. Kegiatan Inti

Kegiatan Belajar 1

LAPISAN-LAPISAN KULIT BUMI

Amatilah gambar struktur lapisan Bumi berikut ini !

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Lengkapilah tabel dibawah ini !

N
Jenis Lapisan Ciri – ciri
o
1 Kerak Bumi/litosfer
a. Kerak benua
b. Kerak samudera
2 Astenosfer/mantel
a. Mantel atas
b. Mantel bawah
3 Inti/barisfer
a. Inti luar
b. Inti dalam

Apabila kalian telah mampu menyelesaikan persoalan di atas, maka kalian bisa
melanjutkan pada kegiatan belajar 2 berikut.

Kegiatan Belajar 2

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TEKTONISME

Amatilah gambar fenomena lipatan berikut ini !

Amatilah gambar Jenis – jenis lipatan berikut ini

Jelaskan secara runtut proses terbentuknya fenomena lipatan seperti contoh

gambar di atas
,jawab: ...................................................................................................................................................
.......................
........................................................................................................................................................... ........
.......

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...................................................................................................................................................................
....... .............................................................................................................................
.............................................

Apakah tektonisme itu? , dan bagaimana perananya dalam membentuk

permukaan
bumi...................................................................................................................................... .................
.........................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................
.......
...................................................................................................................................................................
.......
...................................................................................................................................................................
.......
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.......

Amatilah gambar fenomena patahan di bawah ini !

Amatilah gambar jenis patahan berikut ini !

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Jelaskan proses terbentuknya fenomena patahan pada gambar di atas disertai

contoh-contohnya!

Jawab :
......................................................................................................................................
.....
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.....
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.....
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.....
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.....
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.....

Kegiatan Belajar 3

VULKANISME

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1. Lihat tayangan video proses letusan gunung api di

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBWFC-EJOng

2. Amatilah gambar bagan gunung api di bawah ini

Jelaskan bagian-bagian dari gunung api pada gambar di atas!

Jawab:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
.

3. Amatilah gambar tipe erupsi gunung api!

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a. Jelaskan masing-masing tipe erupsi pada gambar di atas disertai

contohnya!
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......

b. Jelaskan dampak positif dan negatif akibat letusan gunung api!

Dampak positif Dampak negatif

Kegiatan Belajar 4

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GEMPA (Seisme)

Lihat tayangan video dibawah ini!

1. Gempa Bumi di Jepang : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lINsXsxy-Wo
2. Proses terjadinya tsunami https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=OWRlgf8mjyU

Setelah melihat tayangan video di atas:

a. Diskusikan bersama temanmu mengapa Jepang sering dilanda gempa ?
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b. Bagaimana usaha – usaha dari masyarakat dan pemerintah Jepang dalam
menghadapi fenomena tersebut ?
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c. Jelaskan macam-macam gempa yang terjadi di Indonesia.!

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...............................................................................................................................
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d. Jelaskan istilah-istilah berikut!
Hiposentrum..........................................................................................................
.....
Episentrum............................................................................................................
......
Siesmograf............................................................................................................
......
Skala
richter................................................................................................................

e. Jelaskan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya tsunami!

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...............................................................................................................................
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f. Berdasarkan faktor penyebabnya terjadinya gempa dibedakan menjadi 4
jenis. Jelaskan !
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g. Jelaskan pengaruh gempa terhadap kehidupan di bumi!

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Kegiatan Belajar 5

TENAGA EKSOGEN DAN PELAPUKAN

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1. Lihat tayangan video di bawah ini !

Erosi : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80tfWy9MXbw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8G_EfueGkc

2. Amati gambar-gambar di bawah ini!

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Setelah mengamati gambar di atas :

1. Jelaskan tentang proses pelapukan disertai contoh bentang alam hasil

pelapukan! ...................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
...................................... .......................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
...................................................
2. Jelaskan tentang proses erosi disertai contoh bentang alam hasil
erosi! ........................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
......
..............................................................................................................................................................
......
3. Jelaskan tentang proses sedimentasi disertai contoh bentang alam hasil
sedimentasi! ............................................................................................................
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4. Jelaskan perbedaan tenaga endogen dan tenaga eksogen.!
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5. Jenis-jenis pelapukan berdasarkan prosesnya !

No Jenis Pelapukan Keterangan

1 Pelapukan fisika
(mekanik)

2 Pelapukan organik

3 Pelapukan kimiawi

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Kegiatan Belajar 6

PEMBENTUKAN TANAH, LAHAN POTENSIAL DAN LAHAN KRITIS

Amati gambar struktur lapisan-lapisan tanah di bawah ini!

Horizon O

Horizon A

Horizon E

Horizon B

Horizon C

Batuan Induk

Jelaskan struktur lapisan-lapisan tanah (horizon tanah)!

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.......
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Amati gambar bagan di bawah ini!

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Jelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan tanah!

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Amatilah gambar Jenis – jenis tanah dibawah ini !

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Isilah tabel dibawah ini berdasarkan gambar diatas :

NO JENIS TANAH CIRI - CIRI

1.
2
3.
4.
5.

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6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

Amatilah gambar di bawah ini!

a. Lahan Potensial

b. Lahan Kritis

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c. Degradasi Lahan

Setelah mengamati gambar-gambar di atas jawablah pertanyaan di bawah ini1

1. Jelaskan perbedaan antara lahan potensial dengan lahan kritis!

..............................................................................................................................................................
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2. Jelaskan faktor penyebab terjadinya lahan kritis!

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3. Jelaskan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya degradasi lahan!

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Amati gambar peta geologi dan peta tataguna lahan di bawah ini

a. Peta Geologi

b. Peta Tataguna Lahan

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1. Jelaskan peran penting kedua peta tersebut dalam pembangunan nasional

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……
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……
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……
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……
2. Lembaga-lembaga apa saja yang menyediakan kedua peta tersebut.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……

6. Penutup

Setelah kalian belajar bertahap dan berlanjut melalui kegiatan belajar 1

sampai dengan 6 berikut untuk mengukur diri kalian terhadap materi yang

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sudah kalian pelajari. Jawablah sejujurnya terkait dengan penguasaan materi

pada UKBM ini di Tabel berikut.

Tabel Refleksi Diri Pemahaman Materi

No Pertanyaan Ya Tidak
1. Apakah kalian dapat mendeskripsikan
karakteristik lapisan Bumi?
2. Apakah kalian dapat mendeskripsikan proses
tektonisme dan pengaruhnya terhadap
kehidupan?
3. Apakah kalian dapat mendeskripsikan proses
vulkanisme dan pengaruhnya terhadap
kehidupan?
4. Apakah kalian dapat mendeskripsikan proses
seisme dan pengaruhnya terhadap kehidupan
5. Apakah kalian dapat mendeskripsikan proses
tenaga eksogen dan pengaruhnya terhadap
kehidupan?
6. Apakah kalian dapat mengidentifikasi jenis dan
ciri-ciri tanah di Indonesia?
7. Apakah kalian dapat mengidentifikasi
pemanfaatan dan konservasi tanah serta
lembaga-lembaga yang menyediakan dan
memanfaatkan data geologi Indonesia

Jika menjawab “TIDAK” pada salah satu pertanyaan di atas, maka

pelajarilah kembali materi tersebut dalam Buku Teks Pelajaran (BTP) dan
pelajari ulang UKBM ini dengan bimbingan Guru atau teman sejawat. Jangan
putus asa untuk mengulang lagi!. Dan apabila kalian menjawab “YA” pada
semua pertanyaan, maka kalian boleh sendiri atau mengajak teman lain yang
sudah siap untuk mengikuti tes formatif agar kalian dapat belajar ke
UKBM berikutnya... Oke.?

Insya Allah, Anda Pasti Bisa...!

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