Catatan Kaki:
1. S.I. Benn and R.S. Peters, Principles of Political Thoughts, Collier Books, 1964, hlm. 363.
2. Defensif apologetik adalah upaya pembelaan diri dengan menggunakan pola pikir pihak
penyerang karena takut dianggap berbeda dengan orang lain. Misalnya, “Tidak, Islam justru
sangat demokratis,” atau “Islam tidak dogmatis,” dan lain-lain. Orang yang menggunakan
pola defensif apologetik biasanya akan terseret untuk terjebak dalam alur pemikiran pihak
penyerang.
3. Konon, fondasi London Bridge dibuat dari bahan-bahan yang dicampur dengan tulang-
belulang perawan (Lihat Munawar Ahmad Anees, Islam dan Masa Depan Biologis Umat
Manusia (Etika, Gender, Teknologi), Penerbit Mizan, 1992, hlm. 43).
4. Released by The Office of The Spokesman, U.S. Department of State, October 24,
1997.
5. H.A.R. Gibb, Mohammedanism, Oxford, 1969
6. Abdul Qadim Zallum, Dimuqrathiyah Nizhâm Kufr, 1990, hlm. 8-9 (edisi Indonesia).
7. Taqiyuddin an-Nabhani, Nizhâm al-Hukm fî al- Islam, 1990, hlm. 40; Mahmud Abdul
Majid al-Khalidi, Qawâ’id Nizhâm al- Hukm fî al-Islâm, t.t., hlm. 46.
8. Amien Rais, Khilafah dan Kerajaan (Kata Pengantar) karya Abul A’la al-Maududi, Penerbit
Mizan, 1998
9. Alvin Toffler, Future Shock, 1989, hal.271-272 (edisi Indonesia).
10. Miriam Budiardjo, Dasar-dasar Ilmu Politik, Gramedia, 1995, hal.55-56
11. An-Nabhani, op.cit., hlm. 41-42.
12. Al-Hakim an-Naisaburi, al-Mustadrak III/195; Imam ath-Thabrani, al-Mu’jam ash-
Shâghir, I/264
13. Syaikh Shafiyurrahman al-Mubarakfury, Râhiq al-Makhtûm: Sîrah Nabawiyyah, hlm.
451-452 (edisi Indonesia)
14. Ibid, hlm. 278-279.
15. Ibid, hlm. 328-329.
16. Juwono Sudarsono, “Demokrasi, Bereskah?”, Gatra, 15 Juli 1995.
17. Strobe Talbott, Democracy and the International Interest, remarks to the Denver
Summit of the Eight Initiative on Democracy and Human Rights, Washington, DC, October
1, 1997
18. John Shattuck, Human Rights and Democracy, statement before the House Committee
on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Washington, DC, April 1, 1998.
19. Strobe Talbott, ibid.
20. John Shattuck, ibid.
21. John Shattuck, U.S. Democracy Promotion in Asia, statement before the House
International Relations Committee, Washington, DC, September 17, 1997
22. Harold Hongju Koh, 1998 Annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practises,
testimony before the Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Operations, U.S.
House of Representatives, Washington, DC, February 26, 1999.
23. Saiful Mujani, Islam, Civic Culture dan Demokratisasi (Sebuah Agenda Riset
Komparatif), Student Circle Paramadina, 11 Agustus 1999
24. Riza Sihbudi, Bara Timur Tengah, Penerbit Mizan, 1992 (Lihat juga Saad Eddin
Ibrahim, Crises, Elites, and Democratization in the Arab World, Middle East Journal,
vol.17 no. 2, Spring 1993)
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