df /f df k PM ( Produk Marginal)
Ep= (definisi) = . =
dk /k dk f PR (Produk Rata−Rata)
Berdasarkan nilai elastisitas produksi ini, proses produksi dapat dibagi ke dalam tiga
daerah produksi, yaitu :
1. Daerah dengan EP > 1 sampai EP = 1. Daerah ini dinamakan daerah tidak rasional
(irrational stage of production) dan ditandai sebagai Daerah I dari produksi.
2. Daerah dengan EP = 1 sampai EP = 0. Daerah ini dinamakan daerah rasional
(rational stage of production) dan ditandai sebagai Daerah II dari produksi. Pada
daerah ini akan dicapai keuntungan maksimum.
3. Daerah dengan EP = 0 sampai EP < 0. Daerah ini juga dinamakan daerah tidak
rasional dan ditandai sebagai Daerah III. Pada daerah ini penambahan input justru
akan mengurangi keuntungan.
Jadi jelaslah bahwa untuk menentukan tingkat produksi optimum menurut konsep
efisiensi ekonomis diperlukan dua syarat, yaitu:
1. Syarat keharusan (necessary condition) : hubungan teknis antara produk danfaktor
produksi atau fungsi produksi
2. Syarat kecukupan (sufficiency condition) : nilai produk marginal dari faktor produksi
yang dipakai harus sama dengan harga satuan faktor produksi itu.
Translate
For example, the change in output resulting from a change in the amount of input by 10%
is 20%, then the elasticity of production is 2 (two).
The elasticity of production can also be written mathematically as follows:
df /f df k PM ( Marginal Product)
Ep= definition = . =
d k /k dk f PR( Average Product )
From this mathematical equation, it appears that there is a relationship between the
elasticity of production with marginal product and average product, as follows:
1. If the production level where PM > PR then EP > 1
2. If the production level where PM = PR then EP = 1
3. If the production level where PM = 0 then EP = 0
4. If the production level where PM is negative then EP is also negative.
Based on the value of this production elasticity, the production process can be divided
into three production areas, namely:
1. Areas with EP > 1 to EP = 1. These areas are called irrational stages of production and
are marked as Region I of production.
2. The area with EP = 1 to EP = 0. This area is called the rational stage of production and
is marked as Region II of production. In this area will be achieved maximum profit.
3. Regions with EP = 0 to EP < 0. These regions are also called irrational regions and are
marked as Region III. In this area the addition of inputs will actually reduce profits.
So it is clear that to determine the optimum level of production according to the concept of
economic efficiency, two conditions are needed, namely:
1. Necessary condition: the technical relationship between the product and the factors of
production or production function.
2. Sufficiency condition: the value of the marginal product of the factor of production
used must be equal to the unit price of that factor of production.