Skripsi
Oleh
NIM : 2015840009
2020
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH JAKARTA
FAKULTAS ILMU PENDIDIKAN
PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA
ABSTRAK
Kata kunci: soal bahasa Indonesia, HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills),
aplikasi sigil.
i
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF JAKARTA
FACULTY OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES
INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE EDUCARION STUDY
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to produce: 1) Indonesian language test
through Sigil application, 2) the level of feasibility and response to the
product being developed. According to the results of the 2018 PISA
survey, Indonesia is in the 72th position from 79 countries in the world.
This research was conducted to respond the quality of Indonesian
students who are still at the stage of low order thinking ability. The
purpose of this research is to produce Indonesian language test with
HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) base that require students thinking
skills in the level of C4-C5, including analysis and evaluation in
accordance with the 2013 curriculum objectives. This research uses a
research and development (R&D) approach according to Borg & Gall
which is carried out with seven stages, as follow: 1) research and data
collection of initial information, 2) planning, 3) development of initial
product drafts, 4) initial trials, 5) product revisions, 6) limited trials, 7)
product revisions. This research uses two data collection techniques,
namely interview and questionnaires to obtain the data on product
development and assessment needs. The data source consisting of
material experts, media experts, teachers and students. Product validation
results are obtained; 1) validation of material experts obtained a score of
4,71 with very decent criteria and partial revisions, 2) validation of media
experts obtained a score of 3,81 with very feasible criteria and did not
need to be revised, 3) teacher trials obtained a score of 4,38 with very
criteria feasible, 4) initial trial 18 students received a score of 4,07 with
very feasible criteria and partial revisions, 5) limited trials 60 students
received a score of 4,08 with very feasible criteria and didn’t nedd to be
revised. Conclusions and recommendations that can be recommended are
the development of more diverse test with HOTS base and the use of
more interesting learning media.
ii
Bibliography 40 (2001-2019)
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
PERSEMBAHAN
2. Kakak dan adikku; Niar Juliana Pradini, Sarah Sekar Ayu Hardini, dan
Jakarta
ini.
viii
MOTTO
sebab kau tidak akan pernah tahu hasil terbaik yang akan kau dapatkan.
Jangan hidup hanya untuk dunia saja, tetapi hiduplah juga untuk akhirat
yang akan kau gunakan sebagai bekalmu disana. Sebab, tidak ada yang
bisa menjamin dan melindungi dirimu kalau bukan amal yang kau lakukan.
ix
KATA PENGANTAR
Segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah memberikan rahmat dan
karunia-Nya kepada penulis, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan
skripsi dengan judul “Pengembangan Soal Bahasa Indonesia HOTS Kelas
XII Melalui Aplikasi Sigil” sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh
gelar Sarjana Strata 1 Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra
Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
x
5. Ibunda Rum Herbani, Nenek saya Almarhumah Hj. Masenah, Kakek
saya H. Mudjar yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan moril,
material, dorongan, semangat dan selalu mendoakan keberhasilan
dan keselamatan kepada penulis.
6. Kakak dan adik saya, Niar Juliana Pradini, Sarah Sekar Ayu Hardini
dan Maura Juni Maharani yang membantu menyemangati penulis.
7. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang
telah memberikan bantuan dan dukungan kepada penulis dalam
rangka penyelesaian skripsi ini.
Penyusun
xi
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................... i
PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ........................................................ iii
PERSETUJUAN PANITIA UJIAN SKRIPSI....................................... iv
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................. v
PAKTA INTEGRITAS ...................................................................... vi
PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ILMIAH .................... vii
PERSEMBAHAN .............................................................................. viii
MOTTO .............................................................................................. ix
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................... x
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................... xv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................... xvi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................ xviii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah.......................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah ................................................................. 8
C. Pembatasan Masalah ............................................................. 8
D. Perumusan Masalah ............................................................... 9
E. Spesifikasi Produk yang Dihasilkan ........................................ 9
F. Tujuan dan Kegunaan Penelitian ............................................ 9
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .......................................................... 12
A. Kajian Teori ............................................................................. 12
1. Hakikat tes ....................................................................... . 12
a. Pengertian Tes ................................................................ 12
b. Tes Objektif (Pilihan Ganda) ........................................... 13
c. Tes Uraian ................................................................. ..... 24
2. Hakikat Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS....................... 26
a. Pengertian HOTS .......................................................... . 22
b. Langkah-langkah Penyusunan Soal HOTS ……………. . 31
xii
c. Karakteristik Soal HOTS …………………………………. . 33
d. Indikator HOTS …………………………………………… 35
3. Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia ....................................... 40
4. Evaluasi Pembelajaran ………………… ............................ 45
5. Aplikasi Sigil ………………… ............................................. 47
B. Hasil Penelitian yang Relevan ................................................. 51
C. Kerangka Berpikir ……………………………………………… .. 53
D. Pertanyaan Penelitian (Rumusan Masalah) ............................ 55
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ............................................... 57
A. Model Pengembangan ............................................................ 57
B. Prosedur Pengembangan ………………………………………. 58
C. Desain Uji Coba …………………………………………………. 78
D. Subjek Uji Coba …………………………………………………. . 80
E. Instrumen Penelitian ……………………………………………. . 81
1. Angket Validasi ……………………………………………… .. 82
a. Validasi Ahli Materi ………………………………………… 82
b. Validasi Ahli Media ………………………………………… 84
2. Angket Respon ……………………………………………….. 84
a. Angket Respon Guru ……………………………………… 84
b. Angket Respon Siswa …………………………………….. 86
F. Uji Coba Produk ………………………………………………..... 87
G. Teknik Analisis Data …………………………………………….. 88
1. Analisis lembar validasi oleh para ahli ................................ 89
2. Analisis angket respon ....................................................... 91
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ......................... 93
A. Deskripsi Hasil Pengembangan ……………………………….. 93
1. Penelitian dan Pengumpulan Informasi ............................. 94
2. Perencanaan ..................................................................... 95
3. Pengembangan Bentuk Awal Produk ................................... 96
4. Uji Coba Awal .................................................................... 105
5. Revisi Produk ..................................................................... 107
xiii
6. Uji Coba Terbatas .............................................................. 110
7. Revisi Produk Akhir ........................................................... 111
B. Deskripsi dan Analisa Data Hasil Uji Coba …………………… 111
1. Deskripsi Uji Coba ............................................................. 111
2. Analisa Data Hasil Uji Coba ............................................... 112
a. Analisis Ahli Materi ........................................................ 115
b. Analisis Ahli Media ........................................................ 119
c. Hasil Respon Guru ........................................................ 123
d. Hasil Respon Siswa ...................................................... 126
C. Kajian Produk Akhir …………………………………………….. . 133
BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................. 136
A. Kesimpulan ……………………………….................................. 136
B. Saran ……………………………….. ......................................... 137
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................... 139
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ................................................................... 143
xiv