Dunia Plantae;
Dunia Animalia
E. Haeckel (1866)
: Dunia Plantae;
Dunia Animalia;
Dunia Protista
E. Chatton (1937) : Prokaryotae;
Eukaryotae
R.H. Whittaker (1969): Dunia Monera
Dunia Protista
Dunia Fungi
Dunia Plantae
Dunia Animalia
Domain Eukarya
Carol J. Bult (1996) : selesai sequencing genom
Methanococcus janashii (Arkhaea)
Solomon et al. (1999 - 2002): Dunia Bakteria
Dunia Arkhae(bakteria)
Dunia Protista
Dunia Fungi
Dunia Plantae
Dunia Animalia
SISTEM KLASIFIKASI
Fenetik: berdasarkan kemiripan sifat
Filogenetik: berdasarkan hubungan evolusi
Eukarya
Bakteria
Arkhaea
Dunia
Plantae
Bakteria
Arkhaea
Phylum
Anthophyta
Proteobacteria
Crenarcheota
Classis
Monocotyledoneae
Gamma Proteobacteria
Thermoprotei
Ordo
Commelinales
Enterobacteriales
Sulfolobales
Familia
Poaceae
Enterobacteriaceae
Sulfolobaceae
Genus
Zea
Salmonella
Sulfolobus
Species
Zea mays
S. dysenteriae
Slf. Metallicus
TATANAMA (NOMENKLATUR)
International Code of Bacterial Nomenclature (Sneath,
1992).
KONSEP SPESIES:
Nomenspecies: share the same type strain
Taxospecies : similarity index 70 (numerical taxonomy)
Genospecies: genetic exchage
Genomic species: DNA relatedness value 70%
Classificassion:
Nomenclature:
Identification:
CLASSIFICATION
NOMENCLATURE
Bacteria & Archaea:
International Code of Nomenclature for Bacterial
MODERN SYSTEMATICS
CHEMOTAXONOMY
Chemotaxonomy: amino acids, lipids, polysacharides, proteins,
enzymes, whole-cell
GC
HPLC
Electrophoresis
computer analysis
Cultural : colonial morphology, pigmentation
Morphological : cell shape, staining reaction, motility
Physiological : growth temp., anaerobic growth
Biochemical : acid from carbohydrates, nitrate reduction
Nutritional : carbon sources
Chemotaxonomic: amino acids, cell wall, membrane lipids
Inhibitory tests: sensitivity to antibiotics
Serological : agglutination
Genomic : mol % GC, DNA-DNA reassociation
POLYPHASIC SYSTEMATICS