USWATUN HASANAH
FAA 111 0050
Pembimbing:
dr. Enny Karyani, Sp.A
PENDAHULUAN
- Demam Skarlet - Demam
- Faringitis Eksudatif
- Eksantema merah yang cerah
Dong H, Beta-haemolytic group A streptococci emm75 carrying altered pyrogenic exotoxin A linked to scarlet fever in
adults. J Infect. 2008
Yang SG, Dong HJ, Li FR, Xie SY, Cao HC, Xia SC, et al. Report and analysis of a scarlet fever outbreak among adults through
food-borne transmission in China. J Infect.
Leslie et all. Neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection: a case-control study among privately
insured children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008
1
Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. Buku Ajar Infeksi dan Pediatri Tropis edisi kedua. Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI: Jakarta,
2002. Hal. 348.
DEMAM Streptococcus β
SKARLET hemolitucus Grop A
Eksotoksin
eritrogenik Berkoloni di
tenggorokan dan kulit
Infeksi
faringitis
luka
Penularan dari
kontak
Penularan selama 2-3 minggu
setelah timbul gejala, selama
24 jam jika mendapat
antimikroba
2
Dong H, Beta-haemolytic group A streptococci emm75 carrying altered pyrogenic exotoxin A linked to scarlet
fever in adults. J Infect. 2008
Yang SG, Dong HJ, Li FR, Xie SY, Cao HC, Xia SC, et al. Report and analysis of a scarlet fever outbreak
among adults through food-borne transmission in China. J Infect.
Streptococcus penyebab Demam Skarlet Gram +, fakultatif anaerob, beta hemolitikus,
katalase negatif, Grup A.
Streptococcus β hemolitucus
Grop A
Eksotoksin
Leslie DL, dkk disorders associated with streptococcal infection: a case-control study among privately insured children. J Am Acad
Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Oct. 47(10):1166-72.
3
TRANSMISI
Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. Buku Ajar Infeksi dan Pediatri Tropis edisi kedua. Bagian
Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI: Jakarta, 2002. Hal. 348.
4
Epidemiologi
• 10%, populasi faringitis Streptococcus grup A berkembang demam
skarlet.
• 150.000 kasus dilaporkan / tahun.
• ±9000/ tahun kasus di Amerika Serikat.
Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. Buku Ajar Infeksi dan Pediatri Tropis edisi kedua. 2002.
Mandell GL, dkk. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 2009.
6
Weeks,. The gene for type A Streptococcal exotoxin (erythrogenic toxin) is located in bacteriophage
T12. 1984.
MANIFESTASI KLINIS
Diagnosis faringitis streptokokus akut
Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)
merekomendasikan sistem penilaian Centor,
Eksudat tonsil
Kelenjar getah bening leher
Jarang disertai batuk
Riwayat demam
Soedarmo, Garna, Hadinegoro, dan Satari. 2008. Buku Ajar Infeksi dan Pediatri
8
Tropis. Jakarta: Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia.
MANIFESTASI KLINIS
Hartley AH, Rasmussen JE. Infectious exanthems. Pediatric in review 1988; 9:321-9.
Krugman S, Katz SL, Gershon AA, Wilfert CM. Diagnosis of acute exanthematous diseases. Dalam: Krugman S, Katz SL, Gershon AA, Wilfert CM. Infectious diseases of
children. Edisi ke-9. St Louis: Mosby Yearbook 1992. h. 631-9.
Gable EK, Liu G, Morrell DS. Pediatric exanthems. PrimCare 2000; 27:353-69.
Tumbelaka AR. Pendekatan diagnostik penyakit eksantema pada anak. Disampaikan pada Kongres Nasional Ilmu Kesehatan Anak XI, Jakarta, 4-7 juli, 1999. 9
Krafchik BR. Viral exanthems. Dalam: Harper J, Oranje A, Prose N, penyunting. Texbook of pediatric dermatology. London: Blackwell science 2000. h. 329-46.
DIAGNOSIS
- suhu naik mendadak
ANAMNESIS - muntah, nyeri perut, nyeri kepala,
menggigil dan faringitis.
- tonsil hiperemis
ANAMNESIS
- faring hiperemis,
Michael R. Wessels, MD. Pharyngitis and Scarlet Fever (Streptococcus pyogenes : Basic Biology to
Clinical Manifestations. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333418/ 13
DIAGNOSIS BANDING
• Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome,
• ruam virus,
• ruam karena obat-obatan
• penyakit Kawasaki.
• penyakit eksantema lain, termasuk campak, rubela dan
eksantema virus lain
• Eksantema yang disebabkan oleh enterovirus,
• Roseola
19
Sotoodian Bahman. Scarlet Fever. 2016
PROGNOSIS
Prognosis demam Skarlet pada
umumnya baik jika diberikan
antibiotik secara tuntas.